MATERI BANTUAN HIDUP DASAR RSUD BANDUNG KIWARI

Summary

This video provides a detailed guide on performing Basic Life Support (BLS) for unconscious individuals experiencing cardiac or respiratory arrest. Dr. Hilmi, a specialist in anesthesiology and intensive care, explains the essential steps to ensure victim safety and the restoration of circulation and breathing. Key procedures include checking consciousness, activating emergency services, performing chest compressions (30:2 ratio), and ensuring clear airways. The video also emphasizes the importance of monitoring the patient's response and adapting interventions until professional help arrives, ensuring the victim's survival in critical situations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Basic life support (BLS) is performed to prevent the cessation of circulation and breathing in victims of respiratory or cardiac arrest.
• 😀 The first step in BLS is to ensure personal and patient safety and confirm that the environment is secure before approaching the victim.
• 😀 Checking for a response from the victim by tapping the shoulder firmly is crucial to determine if they are conscious or unconscious.
• 😀 In the case of an unconscious victim, activate emergency services or call for help from nearby individuals.
• 😀 Information needed during an emergency call includes the patient's identity, age, gender, location of the incident, and any known trauma mechanisms.
• 😀 Checking the pulse at the carotid artery for less than 10 seconds is essential to determine if the victim has a pulse.
• 😀 If no pulse is detected, perform chest compressions at a depth of 5-6 cm at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
• 😀 The compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30 compressions to 2 breaths, repeated for five cycles before rechecking for pulse and respiration.
• 😀 After 30 compressions, ensure the airway is clear and open. Techniques such as head-tilt-chin-lift or jaw thrust may be used to maintain an open airway.
• 😀 If the victim's breathing does not return after chest compressions, provide artificial ventilation at a rate of 10-12 breaths per minute for two minutes.
• 😀 Once normal breathing and a pulse are restored, position the patient in the recovery position to maintain an open airway while awaiting further medical help.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of Basic Life Support (BLS)?

The primary purpose of Basic Life Support (BLS) is to prevent the cessation of circulation and respiration in victims who experience cardiac arrest or respiratory failure, and to assist in restoring circulation and breathing until advanced medical care arrives.

What should be the first step when encountering an unconscious person?

The first step is to ensure the safety of yourself, the victim, and the environment. The victim should be placed on a flat and firm surface, preferably a hard surface, for effective chest compressions.

How do you assess if a person is responsive in an emergency?

To assess responsiveness, gently tap the victim’s shoulder and loudly ask if they are okay. If there is no response, proceed with activating emergency medical services or call for help.

How should you check for a pulse during CPR?

To check for a pulse, place your fingers on the carotid artery, located on the side of the neck. You should check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds. If no pulse is found, proceed with chest compressions.

What is the correct method for performing chest compressions during CPR?

Chest compressions should be performed using the heel of one hand (or both if necessary), placed at the center of the chest, slightly below the sternum. The compressions should be about 5-6 cm deep and delivered at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute. The compression-to-ventilation ratio is 30:2.

How many cycles of chest compressions and ventilation should be performed before re-assessing the victim?

You should perform 5 cycles of 30 chest compressions and 2 ventilations, then re-assess the victim by checking for a pulse and signs of breathing. If there is no pulse, continue with chest compressions.

What is the purpose of ensuring the airway is clear during CPR?

The airway must be clear to ensure that air can freely reach the lungs for proper ventilation. This can be checked and cleared by looking for any obstruction and using techniques like head-tilt chin-lift or jaw-thrust to open the airway.

What should be done if the victim's breathing remains weak after chest compressions and ventilation?

If the victim’s breathing remains weak or absent, continue giving artificial ventilation at a rate of 10-12 breaths per minute for about 2 minutes, and then reassess the victim’s pulse and breathing.

How can you tell if the artificial ventilation was successful during CPR?

Successful artificial ventilation can be confirmed by watching for chest rise and fall with each breath. You should also listen and feel for air movement around the victim’s mouth and nose.

What should you do once the victim starts showing signs of breathing or a pulse during CPR?

Once the victim begins to show signs of breathing or has a pulse, place them in the recovery position to keep the airway open and prevent aspiration while waiting for emergency medical services to arrive.