Video Praktek Resusitasi Jantung Paru (Bantuan Hidup Dasar)
Summary
TLDRThe transcript outlines the critical steps of Basic Life Support (BLS), also known as Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD), which includes checking for danger, response, and initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for victims of cardiac arrest. It emphasizes the importance of the 'golden period' within 2 minutes post-arrest and provides a detailed guide on performing CPR with a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute, followed by two rescue breaths. The process should be ceased upon the victim showing signs of consciousness or if medical help arrives, but complications such as bone fractures or regurgitation may arise.
Takeaways
- π RJP, or Rescue Breathing and Chest Compression, is an action taken to provide support for circulation and ventilation to a victim in cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest.
- π Basic Life Support (BHD in Indonesian) includes checking for danger, calling for help, and performing RJP, and is something anyone can do.
- π The principles of Basic Life Support are Danger (D), Response (R), Shout for Help (S), Circulation (C), Airway (A), and Breathing (B).
- π‘οΈ The first step in providing aid is to ensure safety for oneself, the patient, and the environment by checking for danger.
- π€ Checking for the victim's response or level of consciousness is crucial before proceeding with further aid.
- π’ Shouting for help or calling an ambulance is necessary if the victim is unresponsive.
- π©Ί Systematic checks for circulation, airway, and breathing are essential to assess the victim's condition.
- π Checking the carotid pulse is a way to determine if the victim has a heartbeat.
- π If the airway is blocked, techniques like head tilt-chin lift or jaw thrust should be used, especially if the victim has potential neck injuries.
- β± The optimal time to perform RJP is within the first 2 minutes, known as the 'golden period'.
- πͺ Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of 100-120 per minute, with a depth of 5-6 cm, adjusted based on the victim's size.
- π€ RJP should be stopped if the victim regains consciousness, has a pulse, or if medical professionals arrive and advise to stop.
- β οΈ Complications of performing RJP can include bone fractures, regurgitation, or internal injuries such as heart or lung damage.
Q & A
What does RJP stand for and what is its purpose?
-RJP stands for 'Resuscitation Judicious Pressing' or 'CPR' in English. Its purpose is to provide support for circulation and ventilation to a victim in the event of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest.
What are the common causes of cardiac arrest mentioned in the script?
-The common causes of cardiac arrest mentioned are heart attacks, shock, significant blood loss, electric shock, and accidents.
What is the full form of BHD and what does it encompass?
-BHD stands for 'Bantuan Hidup Dasar' or 'Basic Life Support' in English. It includes all actions starting from checking, calling for help, and performing CPR as part of basic life support that can be done by anyone.
What are the principles of basic life support as outlined in the script?
-The principles of basic life support are Danger (D), Response (R), Shout for Help (S), Check (C), Airway (A), and Breathing (B).
What does the 'D' in the basic life support principles stand for and why is it important?
-The 'D' stands for 'Danger'. It is important to ensure safety for oneself, the patient, and the environment by assessing for hazards before providing aid.
How should one check for the victim's response or consciousness?
-One should check for the victim's response or consciousness by assessing if they are responsive or showing signs of awareness.
What is the significance of the 'golden period' in CPR?
-The 'golden period' refers to the optimal time to perform CPR, which is less than 2 minutes after cardiac arrest, to maximize the chances of survival.
How should the victim be positioned for CPR and what is the correct hand placement for chest compressions?
-The victim should be placed on a firm, flat surface. The correct hand placement for chest compressions is on the lower half of the sternum, which is two to three finger widths above the nipple line for a male.
What is the recommended rate and depth for chest compressions during CPR?
-The recommended rate for chest compressions is 100-120 per minute, with a depth of 5-6 cm, adjusted for the size of the victim.
When should CPR be stopped according to the script?
-CPR should be stopped when the victim regains consciousness, shows signs of life such as pulse or breathing, or when medical professionals arrive and indicate that CPR should be halted.
What are some potential complications of CPR mentioned in the script?
-Potential complications of CPR include fractures, rib or sternum injuries, regurgitation, aspiration, and internal injuries such as laceration or abdominal wounds.
Outlines
π Basic Life Support (BLS) and CPR
This paragraph introduces the concept of Basic Life Support (BLS), also known as Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD), which includes CPR (RJP in Indonesian). It explains that BLS is essential in cases of cardiac arrest, shock, blood loss, electric shock, or accidents. The paragraph outlines the principles of BLS as Danger (D), Response (R), Shout for Help (S), Circulation (C), Airway (A), and Breathing (B). It emphasizes the importance of checking for danger, ensuring the safety of the patient and environment, checking the victim's responsiveness, and systematically examining circulation, airway, and breathing. The paragraph also describes the proper technique for performing CPR, including the rate of compressions and the depth, and the signs that indicate when to stop CPR, such as the victim regaining consciousness or the arrival of medical help. Complications of CPR are briefly mentioned, including bone fractures and regurgitation.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
π‘Cardiac Arrest
π‘Shock
π‘Basic Life Support (BLS)
π‘Danger
π‘Response
π‘Shout for Help
π‘Circulation
π‘Airway
π‘Breathing
π‘Golden Period
π‘Compression Rate
π‘Chest Recoil
π‘Complications
Highlights
RJP (Resuscitation) is an action to provide cardiac compression in conditions of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest.
The purpose of RJP is to support circulation and ventilation for the victim.
Cardiac arrest is often caused by heart attacks, shock, significant blood loss, electric shock, or accidents.
BHD stands for Basic Life Support, which includes checking, calling for help, and performing RJP.
BHD is a part of Basic Life Support that can be done by anyone.
The principles of basic life support are Danger, Response, Shout for Help, Circulation, Airway, and Breathing (D-R-S-C-A-B).
Danger (D) means ensuring safety for oneself, the patient, and the environment.
Response (R) involves checking the victim's consciousness.
Shout for Help (S) is about asking for assistance from others or calling an ambulance.
Circulation (C) checks for blood circulation by feeling the carotid pulse.
Airway (A) checks for an open airway and uses head tilt-chin lift or jaw thrust if the victim has suspected neck injuries.
Breathing (B) checks for the presence of breathing in the victim.
If no pulse or breathing is detected, cardiac compression or RJP should be performed immediately.
The optimal time to perform RJP is within 2 minutes, known as the 'golden period'.
To perform compressions, place the victim on a firm surface and use the heel of the hand on the lower half of the sternum, two to three finger widths from the nipple line.
Compressions should be done at a rate of 100-120 per minute, with 30 compressions followed by two rescue breaths.
The depth of compression should be 5-6 cm, adjusted based on the victim's size.
Compressions should be performed for 5 cycles, or 30:2 compressions to breaths ratio.
RJP can be stopped when the victim regains consciousness, has a pulse, or when medical help arrives and advises to stop.
Complications of RJP may include fractures, rib or sternum injuries, regurgitation, aspiration, or internal injuries like liver or spleen damage.
RJP should also be stopped if optimal assistance has been provided but the victim does not recover.
Transcripts
RJP itu tindakan untuk memberikan
kompresi jantung pada kondisi henti
jantung dan henti napas.
Fungsinya untuk memberikan support sirkulasi dan juga
ventilasi kepada korban.
Sebabnya henti jantung itu macam-macam, yang paling
sering itu adalah serangan jantung
kemudian bisa juga dari shock atau
kehilangan darah banyak,
terus bisa dari tersengat listrik,
bisa juga dari adanya kecelakaan.
BHD itu sebenarnya singkatan dari
Bantuan Hidup Dasar atau Basic Life Support.
Jadi semua yang kita lakukan mulai dari
memeriksa, memanggil bantuan,
kemudian melakukan RJP tersebut
atau kompresi tadi itu adalah
bagian dari Bantuan Hidup Dasar
yang dapat dilakukan semua orang.
Prinsip-prinsip dari bantuan hidup dasar tadi adalah
D, R, S, C, A, B.
D itu adalah Danger
dimana kita harus melihat semua kondisi itu adalah bahaya.
Jadi kenapa kita harus mengamankan diri,
mengamankan pasien atau korban,
dan juga mengamankan lingkungan.
Kemudian ada respon, yaitu memeriksa respon korban
atau kesadaran dari korban tadi.
Kemudian S atau Shout for Help,
itu dimana kita harus meminta bantuan dari orang
lain atau juga kita bisa harus menelpon
ambulans,
Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan
berurutan sistematik dari
C (Circulation), kemudian Airway dan Breathing.
Di Circulation itu kita akan memeriksa peredaran darah, yaitu nadi.
Kita akan memeriksa di nadi karotis.
Kemudian kita memeriksa Airway atau adanya jalan napas,
terbukanya jalan napas.
Bila tidak terbuka, kita akan memberikan spot dengan
teknik head tilt-chin lift atau jaw thrust pada korban
yang kita curigai mengalami cedera di leher.
Kemudian yang terakhir, kita akan
memeriksa adanya pernapasan dari korban.
Jika tidak ada pernapasan dan
jika tidak ada nadi, otomatis kita akan
melakukan kompresi tadi atau RJP.
Kita akan memberikan RJP pada korban dengan
kondisi henti jantung dan henti napas.
Jadi ketika kita memeriksa,
tidak didapatkan nadi dan juga tidak ada
pernapasan dari korban.
Waktu yang paling tepat untuk melakukan paling optimal
adalah kurang dari 2 menit.
Itu disebut dengan golden period-nya.
Untuk teknik melakukan kompresi tadi tersebut,
korban ini akan kita letakkan di lokasi aman
dengan di bawahnya ada beralaskan alas
yang keras. Kemudian kita meletakkan
tangan, yaitu tumit dari telapak tangan
kita di tulang dada tengah bagian bawah
atau bisa dibilang 2 atau 2-3 ruas jari
dari ujung tulang dada. Disitulah kita
akan melakukan kompresi.
Kompresi ini kita lakukan
100-120 kali per menit, tapi kita bisa
hitung dengan 30 kompresi. Kemudian kita
berikan dua bantuan nafas buatan.
Kedalaman kompresi itu sebanyak 5-6 cm.
Kita lihat dari apa korbannya itu besar
atau kecil atau kurus sebagainya itu beda.
Kemudian kompresi ini kita harus
juga merasakan chest recoil atau
kembalinya dinding dada, dilakukan selama
5 periode itu. Jadi 30 banding 2,
30 banding 2, sampai 5 kali.
RJP ini dapat kita hentikan ketika korban telah
memberikan respon sadar,
ada denyut nadinya,
fase kembali, tiba-tiba bangun, muntah. Nah, itu dapat kita hentikan. Juga ketika
bantuan dari tim para medis ambulans
telah datang dan mereka mengatakan "Ya
sudah saatnya RJP ini dihentikan."
Komplikasinya itu ada seperti fraktur
atau patah tulang iga tulang rusuk,
itu kemudian juga regurgitasi atau tersedak.
jadi ketika korban sadar, dia akan tersedak
terus bisa juga ada laserasi
atau luka di hati dan limpa itu juga
bisa terjadi. Juga kita akan hentikan
ketika kita telah memberikan pertolongan
yang optimal, tetapi korban tidak dapat
kembali.
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