Sistem Embedded KOMPONEN & KEGUNAAN

Summary

This educational lecture on embedded systems covers key components like hardware, software, and real-time operating systems (RTOS). It explains the roles of the CPU, memory, input/output ports, and various types of storage such as ROM and RAM. Additionally, the lecture highlights the practical applications of embedded systems in various fields such as aerospace, automotive, communications, home appliances, and healthcare. The session concludes with an invitation for questions and further engagement through online platforms, providing a comprehensive understanding of embedded systems and their real-world uses.

Takeaways

• 😀 The system embedded topic is being discussed, focusing on the components and usage of embedded systems.
• 😀 Embedded systems consist of three main components: hardware, software, and real-time operating systems (RTOS).
• 😀 Hardware components in embedded systems include power supply, processor, memory, timers, serial communication ports, output circuits, and system applications.
• 😀 Software for embedded systems is written in languages close to hardware, like assembly, C, C++, and Java.
• 😀 Real-time operating systems (RTOS) help manage tasks and ensure the processor runs processes according to schedules, allowing task switching.
• 😀 A Central Processing Unit (CPU) performs logical and mathematical functions, data transfers, and instruction processing. It contains key registers and components like the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and program counter.
• 😀 The process of instruction execution in a CPU includes fetching, decoding, executing, and writing back results to memory or registers.
• 😀 Embedded systems interact with the external world through input and output ports, receiving inputs like temperature or button presses, and producing outputs like turning on LEDs or activating motors.
• 😀 Memory in embedded systems includes ROM (Read-Only Memory), which is used for program storage, and RAM (Random Access Memory), used for data storage. ROM can be non-volatile, while RAM is volatile.
• 😀 Embedded systems have diverse applications in various fields like aerospace, automotive, telecommunications, household appliances, healthcare, industrial instruments, and personal devices.

Q & A

What are the three main components of an embedded system?

The three main components of an embedded system are hardware, software, and the real-time operating system (RTOS).

Can you describe the key hardware components of an embedded system?

The key hardware components of an embedded system include the power supply, processor, memory, timer, serial communication ports, output circuits, and system applications.

What programming languages are typically used in embedded systems?

Common programming languages used in embedded systems include Assembly, C, C++, and Java, as these are closer to the hardware and are easily recognized by embedded systems.

What role does the Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) play in an embedded system?

RTOS manages the execution of tasks in an embedded system, ensuring that processes are executed according to a schedule and can switch between tasks as needed.

What is the function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in an embedded system?

The CPU in an embedded system performs logic and arithmetic functions, data transfer, and instruction processing. It executes programs by fetching, decoding, and executing instructions.

What are the input and output ports in an embedded system used for?

Input ports receive signals from the outside world, such as from sensors or switches, while output ports send signals to external devices like LEDs, motors, or displays.

What is the difference between ROM and RAM in embedded systems?

ROM (Read-Only Memory) stores non-volatile data that cannot be changed, typically containing the program code. RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile and stores data that can be read or written, often used for temporary storage.

What types of memory are found within embedded systems?

Embedded systems typically use internal ROM (Read-Only Memory) for program storage and internal RAM (Random Access Memory) for variable data storage. RAM can be static (SRAM) or dynamic (DRAM).

What are some real-life applications of embedded systems?

Embedded systems are found in various fields such as aerospace (navigation, flight control), automotive (engine control, airbags), communications (satellite, routers), consumer electronics (TVs, microwaves), and medical devices (glucose meters, diagnostic equipment).

How does an embedded system use sensors and actuators?

Embedded systems use sensors to gather data from the environment, such as temperature or pressure, and actuators to perform actions in response, such as turning on a motor or activating a light.