PutraMOOC | PRT2008M Topic 6 Innovation and Challenges in Agriculture (Part 5/6)

PutraMOOC UPM
11 May 201410:32

Summary

TLDR今日の農業における大きな問題点は、食糧安全保障と食糧の安全性です。食糧の輸入と生産のバランスを保ち、化学肥料や農薬の過剰使用による食品への残渣問題を解決するために、製品のトレーサビリティを確立することが重要です。持続可能な農業生産を促進するためには、良い農業の慣行を導入し、環境と生態系を保護しながら作物を生産することが求められます。また、精密農業技術を活用して、効率的な農薬や肥料の使用を通じて生産効率を高め、環境保護を強化し、作物の品質を向上させることが求められています。さらに、バイオ燃料生産と水・大気汚染の問題にも取り組む必要があります。

Takeaways

  • 🍽 食糧安全は重要な課題で、輸入と生産のバランスが重要です。
  • 🛡 食糧安全に加えて、食品の安全性も強調されています。化学肥料や農薬の過剰使用による問題が存在します。
  • 🔍 食品のトレーサビリティを確立することは、消費者信頼を高める鍵です。食品の出所を特定し、問題を特定して対策を講じることができます。
  • 🌱 持続可能な農業生産は、政策や議論の中心に位置しており、環境と生態に配慮しながら作物を生産することが求められます。
  • 🇲🇾 マレーシアでは独自の良い農業実践計画があり、消費者信頼を高めることで製品の市場性が向上します。
  • 🚜 農業の生産効率は、精確農業技術を通じて改善されています。肥料や農薬の効率的な使用により、労働効率も向上します。
  • 🌿 環境保護は、化学肥料や農薬の環境への影響に注意を払う必要があります。これらの化学物質が誤った場所に流れると環境汚染の原因になります。
  • 🌾 作物の品質が重要で、栄養価の高い高品質の食品を生産することが求められます。これにより市場価値も向上します。
  • 🌾 生物燃料の生産は、化石燃料の代替として重要ですが、食糧と燃料のバランスが課題です。
  • 💧 水と空気の汚染は環境への影響が大きく、環境保護のために緑の技術が必要です。環境への影響は境界を越え、遠く離れた地域にまで及ぶ可能性があります。

Q & A

  • 今日の農業における最重要課題は何ですか?

    -最重要課題は食料安全保障です。これは、輸入と生産のバランスを保つことで実現されます。

  • 食料安全性の強調がなぜ重要なのですか?

    -化学薬品の使用が増えた結果、作物に残留物が発生し、安全性が脅かされているためです。

  • 製品のトレーサビリティとは何ですか?

    -製品の起源を追跡できるシステムであり、消費者の信頼を高めるために使用されます。

  • 持続可能な農業とは何ですか?

    -環境と生態系を保護しながら長期的に作物を生産することを指します。

  • 効率的な生産のために何が必要ですか?

    -精密農業を導入し、資材を効率的に使用することが必要です。

  • 環境保護の観点から、農業はどのように変化していますか?

    -化学薬品の使用を減らし、環境への影響を最小限に抑える方向に進んでいます。

  • 作物の品質が重要視される理由は何ですか?

    -高品質の作物は市場価値が高く、消費者にとって栄養価が高いためです。

  • バイオ燃料の生産における課題は何ですか?

    -食料と燃料のバランスを取ることが課題です。特にパーム油は食料および燃料として使用されるためです。

  • 水と空気の汚染の問題について説明してください。

    -環境はもうこれ以上の汚染を許容できず、持続可能な技術が必要です。汚染は地域を超えて影響を及ぼします。

  • 緑の技術の導入が重要な理由は何ですか?

    -環境を保護し、持続可能な農業を実現するためには、汚染を減らす緑の技術が必要だからです。

Outlines

00:00

🍽 食の安全と持続可能な農業

第1段落では、食の安全と貿易のバランス、農薬や調味料の過剰使用による食品への残渣問題、製品の追跡性、消費者への信頼性、持続可能な農業の重要性、良い農業慣行の概念、そしてマレーシアの良い農業慣行計画が紹介されています。また、農業における効率性の問題、精密農業技術の進歩、そして環境保護の重要性が強調されています。

05:01

🌱 環境保護と農業の変化

第2段落では、農業における環境保護の重要性が議論されています。化学肥料や農薬の環境への影響、精密農業によるこれらの問題の解決、作物品質の向上、バイオ燃料の生産と食糧とのバランス、水と空気の汚染問題、そして環境への影響が他の地域に及ぶことを示唆しています。

10:02

🌍 環境への影響とグリーン技術

第3段落では、環境への汚染が持続不可能な方向に向かっていることを示唆し、環境への影響が地域を超え、遠く離れた地域にまで影響を及ぼす可能性があると警告しています。また、グリーン技術の必要性と、環境への汚染を避けるために環境の境界を認識する重要性が強調されています。

Mindmap

Keywords

💡食品の安全

食品の安全とは、食品が安全で健康に適した状態にあること、また、食品に含まれる化学物質や細菌が基準を超えていないことを指します。ビデオでは、化学肥料や農薬の過剰使用による食品への残渣問題が問題視されており、食品の安全性を確保するために、製品の追跡性メカニズムの確立が重要だと示唆されています。

💡食品の安全性

食品の安全性は、食品が消費者に安全に摂取できる状態にあることを意味し、ビデオでは、化学物質の過剰使用による食品への残渣問題が食品の安全性に影響を与えると指摘されています。製品の追跡性メカニズムを通じて、消費者が食品の安全性を信頼し、安全な食品を選ぶことができるようになるでしょう。

💡持続可能な生産

持続可能な生産とは、長期にわたって環境に配慮しながら農作物を生産する方式を指します。ビデオでは、世界中で持続可能な農業が重要視されており、良い農業実践の概念を通じて、環境と生態系を保護しながら農作物を生産することが求められています。

💡良い農業実践

良い農業実践とは、農作物を生産する際に環境保護と生態系のバランスを保ちながら、効率的に生産を行う方法を指します。ビデオでは、マレーシアの良い農業実践計画が実施され、消費者の信頼を獲得し、市場性のある製品を生産することが重要視されています。

💡生産効率

生産効率とは、資源や労力を最適化し、より多くの出力を達成するプロセスを指します。ビデオでは、精密農業技術を用いて肥料や農薬の使用を効率化し、生産効率を高めることが議論されています。

💡環境保護

環境保護とは、化学肥料や農薬の使用による環境汚染を防ぐ取り組みを指します。ビデオでは、化学物質の使用が環境に与える影響が問題視されており、精密農業を通じて環境への化学物質の放出を減らし、土壌品質を向上させることが求められています。

💡作物の品質

作物の品質とは、作物が栄養価や味、外観の品質基準を満たすことを指します。ビデオでは、高品質の作物が市場価値を高め、栄養価の高い食品を生産することが重要視されています。

💡バイオ燃料生産

バイオ燃料生産とは、農作物を原料としてバイオ燃料を製造するプロセスを指します。ビデオでは、エネルギー危機の中でバイオ燃料の重要性が強調されており、食品と燃料の需要のバランスが議論されています。

💡水と空気の汚染

水と空気の汚染とは、農業化学品の使用や農業活動による水路や空気への汚染を指します。ビデオでは、環境への汚染が許容されず、環境保護の重要性が強調されています。

💡精密農業

精密農業とは、農作物の需要に応じて肥料や農薬を適切に使用する技術を指します。ビデオでは、精密農業が化学物質の無駄を減らし、環境保護と生産効率を高める効果があると示唆されています。

Highlights

Food security is a top concern, requiring a balance between food imports and domestic production.

Food safety is emphasized due to the overuse of chemicals in crop production, leading to residue problems.

Product traceability mechanisms are crucial for consumer confidence and ensuring food safety.

Sustainable agriculture has become a key policy point and a topic of discussion in roundtable meetings.

Good agricultural practices are essential for sustainable crop production and maintaining ecological balance.

Precision agriculture aims to fix inefficiencies in input application, such as fertilizers and pesticides.

Agricultural technology is moving towards automation and robotics to increase production efficiency.

Environmental protection is a critical issue in agriculture, with a focus on reducing chemical pollution.

Precision agriculture helps in applying inputs based on crop needs, reducing wastage and chemical pollution.

Crop quality is increasingly important, with a focus on producing high-quality and nutritious food.

Biofuel production is an emerging area in agriculture, offering an alternative to fossil fuels.

The balance between food and fuel production is a significant discussion point in the context of biofuels.

Water and air pollution are pressing issues that require green technologies and environmental respect.

The environment is borderless, and pollution in one region can affect another region far away.

Water quality is a vital resource in contemporary agriculture and must be protected from contamination.

Transcripts

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so this brings us to the big issues in

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agriculture today

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on top of the list is really food

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security

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and

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food security ball sound balance of

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trade in food

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how much of food are we really importing

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and how much are we really producing

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so we must have a good balance

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only then we can consider ourselves as

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being secure in terms of food

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then of course we have food safety

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food safety is also being highly

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emphasized today

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in the era where we are using a lot of

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chemicals and conditioners to produce

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our crops

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we inevitably run into problems with

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overuse of chemicals

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and

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as a result

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there's a lot of residue problems that

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are surfacing on food crops today fresh

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produce and so on so the way to go here

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is

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to establish product traceability

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mechanisms where you have systems today

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that enable you to trace the food from

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its point of origin

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so you are able to pinpoint and say

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which part of the field that this

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particular produce came from

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and if

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you have problems in that particular

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part of the field you can actually go

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and mitigate those problems but

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the bigger advantage of the system would

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be it creates consumer confidence that

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means your product or your produce was

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produced in a in a very safe manner in

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the field and therefore the consumers

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would be

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um

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confident to consume this particular

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products because it would be safe from

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contamination

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so this is one way to go

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of course the next priority issue is

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really sustainable production

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today all over the world

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sustainable agriculture has become a

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policy speak

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it's become a key point in many

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Roundtable discussions

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people are concerned about

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how sustainable is our crop production

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can it be sustainable for a long time

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you know

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uh in in agriculture it's common that we

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have a good

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crop this particular year and the next

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year the the yields are not so good so

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with a growing population it's important

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for us to ensure that we have good

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production that is happening over a long

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period of time

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so one of the ways to promote

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sustainable production of crops is

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really using the concept of good

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agricultural practices

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good agricultural practices culminates

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the fact that you have to produce your

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your crops in an advanced way at the

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same time you must care for the

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environment and you must also care for

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the ecology you know you cannot disturb

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this balance so there are a lot of

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practices that have been formulated over

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the years and there are different

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schemes of good agricultural practices

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in place today for example in Malaysia

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we have our own good agricultural

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practice schemes that are being

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implemented

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and so again this particular approach

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creates consumer confidence

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and and so your product or your produce

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becomes much more marketable okay

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okay next we have production efficiency

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of course production efficiency is a

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long-standing problem

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a lot of our inputs have been applied in

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a very inefficient manner

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and technology is that Precision

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agriculture attempts to fix that

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so

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this is a work in progress and

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especially with regards to fertilizers

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and pesticides if you are applying your

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inputs in an efficient way then a good

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chance is you're going to achieve your

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efficiency in product production

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and even in terms of Labor a lot of

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systems today are moving away from Human

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labor you know they are trying to make

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agriculture more robotic

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okay and this enables your production to

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be efficient

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so so this is a very key pointer in in

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today's agriculture

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then of course we have Environmental

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Protection

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this is another

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classic example of how agriculture is is

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changing

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one of the days when

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it's all right for you to

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pumping as much chemicals as you want

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into your farm

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in the name of increasing productivity

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but today

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a lot of these kind of practices are

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being monitored and it is not okay for

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us to pollute the environment

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we have to be careful about off-site

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chemical loading a lot of the chemicals

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we use in agriculture for example

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fertilizers and pesticides when they do

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not hit the target for example they do

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not hit the

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specific pest for example

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or the particular fertilizer is not

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taken up by the plant

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then the question is what happens to

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these chemicals where do they go

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and so a lot of reports have shown in

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Clarity that these chemicals are

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polluting the environment they pollute

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our waterways they pollute the air and

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so on so so this is no longer acceptable

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so a lot of

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practices in agriculture today try and

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address this issue by using Superior

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Technologies now Precision for example

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in Precision agriculture you apply your

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inputs based on what the crop needs

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so this creates a situation where you

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reduce wastage of say fertilizer or

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other chemicals like pesticides and and

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in this way you prevent the chemical

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from going elsewhere into the

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environment

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and you also promote soil quality okay

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then of course we have crop quality this

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is also an issue today gone are the days

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when we produce crops based on quantity

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today quality counts

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um quantity also counts but we want high

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quality produce

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we want a lot of them so which means we

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need High quantity as well as quality

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and this is quite classic because

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food is supposed to be nutritious so

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this addresses that concern you know

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that food has to be nutritious and

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therefore the quality of the crop is of

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Paramount importance

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so again

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high quality crops

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will have a higher market value

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and a lot of farms today are putting

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emphasis on this

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then of course the next issue is really

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on biofuel production

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as you know we live in an energy crisis

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today

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it is important for us to have an

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alternative to fossil fuels

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and the good thing is agriculture has

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got crops that have been shown to

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be efficient feedstocks for biofuel

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of course this sounds good but there's

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also that other issue of food versus

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fuel which we also have to come to terms

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with

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and and this is where the balance is

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important

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for example palm oil

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has been shown to be

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a biofuel feedstock

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it is also known that palm oil is a

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major

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cooking oil the one of the major

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processing that happens in in in crude

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palm oil is turning it into cooking oil

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for food preparation so it's safe to say

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that palm oil is actually a food food

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related crop

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so how do we then balance the need to

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produce

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oil palm for the purpose of fuel and how

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do we then balance

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the need to produce it for food so this

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becomes a very important discussion and

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I think it's also a work in progress

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here and a lot of this

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issues will slowly get ironed out I

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believe but

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agriculture is this is a classic example

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of how agriculture is moving towards

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non-food application

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okay of course the

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the next big issue is really water and

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air pollution

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we we accept that today the environment

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is unable to take our insults anymore

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we we cannot go on insulting our

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environment cannot go on polluting our

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environment like the way we've been

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doing

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um of course there is an urgent need for

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green technologies

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and the one way for us to

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to appreciate this

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whole idea of not polluting the

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environment is we have to accept that

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the environment is borderless

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so when you insult the environment in

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one region it is

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going to affect

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another region which could be thousands

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of miles away eventually

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so it's safe to say that

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if if you continue to pollute the

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environment the environment is going to

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bite you soon

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you know so so it's no longer okay for

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us to contaminate the environment and of

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course this includes

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issues on air quality as well as water

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quality because water especially is a

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very important resource in contemporary

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agriculture

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食糧安全食品サフェティ持続性環境保護バイオ燃料農業技術化学肥料農薬品質管理資源効率環境汚染
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