Jenis Gunung Api Berdasarkan Aktifitas Dan Bentuknya

Summary

This video explains different types of volcanoes categorized by both their activity and shape. It discusses three activity-based types: active volcanoes (those that are still erupting), extinct volcanoes (with no eruptions recorded in history), and dormant volcanoes (those that may erupt again). It also explores three shape-based types: Maar volcanoes (formed by large eruptions creating craters), shield volcanoes (with low-sloped, non-explosive eruptions), and stratovolcanoes (conical volcanoes with layered lava and ash). Notable examples from Indonesia, such as Mount Merapi and Mount Kelud, are also mentioned.

Takeaways

• 😀 Active volcanoes are those that are still erupting, releasing smoke, lava, and earthquakes.
• 😀 Dormant volcanoes have no recorded eruptions since a specific year, but they are not considered extinct.
• 😀 Extinct volcanoes are those that have no activity or eruptions and are not expected to erupt again.
• 😀 Maar volcanoes form like crater lakes and are created by massive explosions that leave a large hole at the summit.
• 😀 Materials ejected by Maar volcanoes are solid and scattered, and examples include Gunung Lamongan, Gunung Dieng, and Gunung Gamalama.
• 😀 Shield volcanoes have gentle slopes (up to 10 degrees) and form due to low-pressure eruptions with lava flows.
• 😀 Indonesia does not have shield volcanoes, but examples include Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii.
• 😀 Stratovolcanoes (cone volcanoes) are the most common and have steep, layered slopes formed by repeated eruptions.
• 😀 Stratovolcanoes are often composed of alternating layers of lava and ash, and are typically explosive in nature.
• 😀 Examples of stratovolcanoes in Indonesia include Gunung Merapi and Gunung Tangkuban Perahu.

Q & A

What are the three types of volcanoes based on their activity?

The three types of volcanoes based on their activity are active, dormant, and extinct volcanoes. An active volcano is one that is still erupting or showing signs of activity. A dormant volcano is one that has not erupted for a long time but could erupt again. An extinct volcano has not erupted in recorded history and is unlikely to erupt again.

What characterizes an active volcano?

An active volcano is characterized by ongoing volcanic activity, such as eruptions, the release of smoke, and seismic activity (earthquakes).

What is an extinct volcano?

An extinct volcano is one that has not erupted since recorded history and is considered unlikely to erupt again.

What does a dormant volcano refer to?

A dormant volcano is one that has erupted in the past but has been quiet for a long period. However, it may still erupt again in the future.

What is a 'Maar' volcano?

A Maar volcano is a type of volcano that forms a large crater or lake due to a massive explosion. It typically has a broad, shallow structure, and its eruptions result in the formation of a large hole in the earth's surface.

What are some examples of Maar volcanoes?

Examples of Maar volcanoes include Mount Lamongan, Mount Dieng, and Mount Gamalama in Indonesia.

What is the shape and characteristic of a shield volcano?

A shield volcano has a wide, gentle slope, formed by the outflow of low-viscosity lava that spreads over a large area. It typically has little explosive activity and is characterized by its low, shield-like shape.

Are there shield volcanoes in Indonesia?

No, Indonesia does not have any shield volcanoes. However, shield volcanoes can be found in places like Mauna Loa and Kilauea in Hawaii.

What defines a stratovolcano or cone-shaped volcano?

A stratovolcano (or cone-shaped volcano) is characterized by its steep, conical shape formed by layers of solidified lava flows and volcanic ash. These volcanoes are more likely to have explosive eruptions, and their slopes are typically steep.

Which volcanoes in Indonesia are classified as stratovolcanoes?

In Indonesia, several volcanoes are classified as stratovolcanoes, including Mount Merapi and Mount Tangkuban Perahu.