PRABOWO TEGAS, MALAYSIA DIBUAT JERA CURI PULAU INDONESIA! Sengketa Wilayah Malaysia dgn Negara Lain

Summary

The video delves into the complex territorial disputes involving Malaysia and neighboring countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, China, Thailand, Singapore, and Brunei. It covers key areas of contention like the Ambalat block, Sebatik Island, and the South China Sea, emphasizing the legal and economic stakes involved. The script also touches on the historical and ongoing tensions over maritime boundaries, with a focus on how international law, such as UNCLOS, and strategic resources like oil and gas play crucial roles in these disputes. Diplomatic efforts and the role of international courts in resolving these conflicts are also highlighted.

Takeaways

• 😀 Malaysia's patrol vessels have entered Indonesian waters in the Ambalat block, triggering tensions and strong responses from Indonesia, including the possibility of sinking these ships if necessary.
• 😀 The Ambalat Block, rich in oil and gas, is a major point of contention between Indonesia and Malaysia, with Indonesia claiming sovereignty based on a 1969 continental shelf agreement, while Malaysia has made unilateral claims since 1979.
• 😀 Legal grounds for Malaysia's claims over Ambalat are considered weak, as Malaysia, not being an archipelagic state, lacks the right to base its maritime boundaries on nearby islands like Sipadan and Ligitan.
• 😀 Tensions between Malaysia and Indonesia over the Ambalat Block have been ongoing since 2005, with incidents such as illegal fishing arrests and patrol violations escalating security measures.
• 😀 Another significant dispute between Malaysia and Indonesia is over Sebatik Island, with Indonesia seeking to establish the boundary at latitude 4°10', while Malaysia insists on the existing demarcation, leading to minor conflicts over fishing rights.
• 😀 The Sipadan and Ligitan islands, once claimed by both Malaysia and Indonesia, were awarded to Malaysia by the International Court of Justice in 2002 based on effective control by Malaysia.
• 😀 In the South China Sea, Malaysia and China have overlapping maritime claims, particularly over the Spratly Islands, with China asserting historical rights while Malaysia adheres to the 1982 UNCLOS guidelines.
• 😀 Despite a 2016 ruling from the Permanent Court of Arbitration rejecting China's claims in the South China Sea, China continues to build artificial islands and maintain military presence in the area, which increases tensions.
• 😀 Malaysia and Thailand have a long-standing border dispute, particularly over Bukit Celi and waters in the Gulf of Thailand, with both countries having competing claims over valuable oil and gas resources.
• 😀 Malaysia and Singapore's dispute over Pedra Branca (Batu Putih) was resolved in 2008 by the International Court of Justice, with Singapore gaining sovereignty, but Malaysia still contests the ruling due to strategic and economic interests in the Strait of Singapore.

Q & A

What is the current situation in the Ambalat Block involving Malaysia and Indonesia?

The situation in the Ambalat Block has intensified, with Malaysian patrol vessels entering Indonesian waters and attempting to drive local fishermen away. This has led to a strong response from Indonesia, with Defense Minister Prabowo Subianto stating that Malaysia's provocative actions should be met with firm measures, including the possible sinking of offending ships to defend Indonesia's sovereignty.

Why is the Ambalat Block significant in the Malaysia-Indonesia territorial dispute?

The Ambalat Block is significant due to its rich oil and gas reserves, and Indonesia claims rightful ownership based on the 1969 continental shelf boundary agreement, which both Indonesia and Malaysia signed. However, Malaysia unilaterally included Ambalat in its map in 1979, which triggered tensions and subsequent incidents over territorial violations.

What is the legal argument supporting Indonesia's claim over Ambalat?

Indonesia's claim over Ambalat is backed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982, which clearly places Ambalat under Indonesia's jurisdiction. Malaysia's claim is legally weak, especially as it is not an archipelagic state and cannot draw baselines from islands like Sipadan and Ligitan.

How did the dispute over the Sebatik Island between Indonesia and Malaysia arise?

The dispute over Sebatik Island stems from differing interpretations of the border line. Indonesia advocates for the border to be at 4°10' latitude, while Malaysia’s claim shifts it about 112.5 hectares northward. Despite ongoing negotiations, conflicts persist, particularly regarding access to marine resources for local communities.

What was the outcome of the dispute over the Sipadan and Ligitan islands?

The dispute over the ownership of Sipadan and Ligitan islands was taken to the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which ruled in 2002 that Malaysia holds sovereignty over both islands. The decision was based on effective control, as Malaysia's colonizer, Britain, established lighthouses on the islands, while Indonesia failed to provide similar evidence of control.

What are the implications of the South China Sea dispute for Malaysia?

The South China Sea dispute is critical for Malaysia due to its rich marine resources, including fish, oil, and gas, as well as its role as a key global shipping route. Malaysia’s claim overlaps with China’s, which bases its claims on historical exploration, while Malaysia follows UNCLOS. The situation is tense, with frequent diplomatic protests and confrontations between vessels.

How did Malaysia respond to China's actions in the South China Sea?

Malaysia has repeatedly protested China's actions in the South China Sea, especially the construction of artificial islands and military activities. Despite China’s historical claims, Malaysia insists that the dispute should be settled according to UNCLOS 1982, which defines exclusive economic zones based on maritime boundaries.

What role does ASEAN play in mediating disputes in the South China Sea?

ASEAN plays a mediating role by facilitating negotiations and urging adherence to international law, particularly UNCLOS, to resolve maritime disputes in the South China Sea. However, progress has been slow, and many of the parties, including China, have been resistant to multilateral resolutions.

What was the nature of the territorial dispute between Malaysia and Thailand in the Gulf of Thailand?

The territorial dispute between Malaysia and Thailand involves both land and maritime areas, particularly around Bukit Celi and waters in the Gulf of Thailand. The dispute centers on the demarcation of boundaries, especially in areas rich in oil and gas resources, with both countries reaching agreements for joint resource exploitation to prevent conflict.

How did the dispute over Pedra Branca (Batu Putih) between Malaysia and Singapore conclude?

The dispute over Pedra Branca (Batu Putih) was resolved by the International Court of Justice in 2008, which ruled that Singapore has sovereignty over the island. The case stemmed from a 1979 Malaysian map that included the island as part of its territory, while Singapore argued that Malaysia had never exercised effective control over it.