Anatomi Vaskularisasi Cerebrum dan Cerebellum - Sirkulus Willisi

Summary

This video explains the vascularization of the brain, highlighting the two main arteries: the internal carotid artery and the basilar artery. It covers the supply to both the cerebellum and cerebrum, with detailed descriptions of their branches, such as the superior and inferior cerebellar arteries, and the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries. The Circle of Willis is also discussed as a crucial collateral circulation system, offering alternative blood flow in case of blockages. The video further connects this vascular network to neurological deficits observed in stroke patients, offering insight into how artery blockages can lead to specific motor and speech impairments.

Takeaways

• 😀 The brain is primarily vascularized by two main arteries: the internal carotid artery and the basilar artery.
• 😀 The internal carotid artery is a continuation of the common carotid artery in the neck and supplies the brain with blood.
• 😀 The basilar artery is formed by the fusion of the right and left vertebral arteries and a small artery called the anterior spinal artery.
• 😀 The cerebellum is vascularized by superior and inferior arteries, which further branch into anterior and posterior sections.
• 😀 The superior cerebellar artery supplies the upper part of the cerebellum, while the inferior cerebellar artery supplies the lower part.
• 😀 The cerebrum is supplied by two main branches: the posterior cerebral artery (from the basilar artery) and the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (from the internal carotid artery).
• 😀 The posterior cerebral artery is a branch of the basilar artery, which supplies the occipital lobe and parts of the temporal lobe.
• 😀 The anterior and middle cerebral arteries, branching from the internal carotid artery, supply most of the cerebrum, including the frontal and parietal lobes.
• 😀 The anterior cerebral arteries from both sides connect through the anterior communicating artery, forming part of the Circle of Willis, which helps provide alternative blood flow routes in case of blockages.
• 😀 The Circle of Willis is crucial for maintaining blood flow in case of arterial blockages, offering alternative routes for blood to reach the brain.
• 😀 In cases of stroke, blockages in the arteries like the middle cerebral artery can lead to neurological deficits such as difficulty speaking, due to a lack of blood supply to areas like Broca's area.

Q & A

What are the two main arteries that supply the brain with blood?

The two main arteries that supply the brain are the Internal Carotid Artery and the Basilar Artery.

What is the source of the Internal Carotid Artery?

The Internal Carotid Artery is a continuation of the Common Carotid Artery found in the neck.

How is the Basilar Artery formed?

The Basilar Artery is formed by the union of the right and left Vertebral Arteries, with a small contribution from the Anterior Spinal Artery.

Which arteries supply blood to the cerebellum?

The cerebellum is supplied by the Superior Cerebellar Artery and the Inferior Cerebellar Arteries, which are further divided into the Inferior Anterior and Inferior Posterior arteries.

What is the function of the Superior Cerebellar Artery?

The Superior Cerebellar Artery supplies the upper part of the cerebellum.

What is the origin of the Inferior Posterior Cerebellar Artery?

The Inferior Posterior Cerebellar Artery originates from the Vertebral Artery before it becomes the Basilar Artery.

How is the cerebrum vascularized?

The cerebrum is vascularized by two main arteries: the Internal Carotid Artery and the Basilar Artery. The Basilar Artery gives rise to the Posterior Cerebral Artery, while the Internal Carotid Artery branches into the Middle Cerebral Artery and the Anterior Cerebral Artery.

What is the function of the Circle of Willis?

The Circle of Willis is a circular network of blood vessels that provides collateral circulation in case of blockages, ensuring that blood can still flow to the brain through alternative routes.

Which parts of the cerebrum do the different cerebral arteries supply?

The Anterior Cerebral Artery supplies the medial portions of the frontal and parietal lobes, the Middle Cerebral Artery supplies the lateral portions of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes, and the Posterior Cerebral Artery primarily supplies the occipital lobe.

How can understanding arterial supply in the brain help with stroke diagnosis?

Understanding the arterial supply helps in identifying areas of the brain that may be affected by stroke. For example, a blockage in the Middle Cerebral Artery could lead to deficits in speech and motor function due to the involvement of the Broca's area in the lateral frontal lobe.