VASCULARIZAÇÃO DO ABDOME - Parte 3 - A. Mesentérica Superior e Ramos

Summary

This video lesson focuses on the vascularization of the intestines, specifically the branches of the superior mesenteric artery. It explains the key branches that arise from the abdominal aorta, such as the inferior phrenic artery, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery. The video highlights important arterial branches, including the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, jejunal and ileal arteries, and the middle colic, right colic, and ileocolic arteries, which supply the ascending colon and transverse colon. The lesson concludes with a discussion of the anastomoses between these arteries and the relevance of the inferior mesenteric artery for the remaining colon irrigation.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson covers the main branches of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and its importance in supplying blood to parts of the intestine.
• 😀 The SMA originates from the abdominal aorta and gives rise to several significant arteries, including the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery.
• 😀 The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery divides into two branches: the anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, which supply the head of the pancreas.
• 😀 These pancreatic arteries form an anastomosis with the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, which arises from the gastroduodenal artery.
• 😀 The SMA also supplies the jejunum and ileum through jejunal and ileal arteries, which are crucial for the blood supply to the small intestine.
• 😀 The SMA further gives rise to the middle colic artery, which supplies the ascending colon and two-thirds of the transverse colon.
• 😀 The middle colic artery divides into two main branches: the left and right, which communicate with the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and the right colic artery.
• 😀 The right colic artery is a branch of the SMA and provides blood to the right side of the colon.
• 😀 The ileocolic artery, which is another branch of the SMA, supplies the ileum, cecum, and appendix through its superior and inferior branches.
• 😀 The inferior branch of the ileocolic artery is significant as it gives rise to the appendicular artery, which supplies the appendix.
• 😀 The SMA does not supply the left flexure of the colon; this area is instead irrigated by the inferior mesenteric artery.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video?

The main topic of the video is the anatomy and vascularization of the superior mesenteric artery and its branches, including their role in irrigating parts of the intestine.

What artery originates from the aortic hiatus and what are its branches?

The artery that originates from the aortic hiatus is the abdominal aorta, which gives rise to several arteries including the inferior phrenic artery, the celiac trunk, and others that will supply blood to the abdomen and intestines.

What are the three main arteries arising from the celiac trunk?

The three main arteries arising from the celiac trunk are the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery.

What is the function of the superior mesenteric artery?

The superior mesenteric artery is responsible for supplying blood to the small intestine and the majority of the large intestine.

Which artery supplies blood to the pancreas?

The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, a branch of the superior mesenteric artery, supplies blood to the pancreas, specifically its head region.

What is the significance of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries?

The pancreaticoduodenal arteries (superior and inferior) form an anastomosis at the head of the pancreas, allowing for a consistent blood supply to this vital organ.

What do the jejunal and ileal arteries supply?

The jejunal and ileal arteries, branches of the superior mesenteric artery, supply blood to the jejunum and ileum, which are parts of the small intestine.

Which arteries are involved in the irrigation of the ascending and transverse colon?

The middle colic artery, which is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery, supplies blood to the ascending colon and two-thirds of the transverse colon.

What is the arc of Riolan?

The arc of Riolan (or the recent term 'justacolonic arch') is an anastomosis between the middle colic artery and the inferior mesenteric artery, ensuring collateral circulation in the colon.

What is the role of the ileocolic artery?

The ileocolic artery, a branch of the superior mesenteric artery, supplies blood to the cecum, the appendix, and the lower part of the ileum. It also gives rise to the appendicular artery.