Penentuan lokasi pabrik/perusahaan/kantor #2 - Manajemen Logistik

Summary

This transcript discusses various types of facilities involved in the distribution process, including physical warehouses, terminals, and production facilities. It highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate location for a company, considering factors such as market proximity, availability of raw materials, labor force, transportation, and infrastructure. The script emphasizes how proper planning can maximize profits, create job opportunities, and ensure efficient production. Additionally, it explains the impact of geographical and environmental factors on facility location decisions and outlines the importance of integrating the location with overall business strategy and operations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Physical facilities are categorized into four types: warehouse facilities, terminal facilities, production facilities, and distribution facilities.
• 😀 Distribution channels are divided into three types: complex, selective, and internal channels. Complex channels include producers, regional distribution centers, warehouses, distributors, retailers, and consumers.
• 😀 Location planning can be done before the company is established or as part of an evaluation process for existing operations.
• 😀 Well-executed location planning supports achieving business goals like maximizing profit, creating jobs, and being environmentally responsible.
• 😀 Factors to consider in choosing a location include geographic distribution, social factors, product type, investment costs, and infrastructure integration.
• 😀 Important considerations for selecting a location include market proximity, access to raw materials, labor availability, energy sources, and transportation systems.
• 😀 Proximity to the market is beneficial in highly competitive industries, reducing transportation costs and ensuring product security.
• 😀 Choosing a location near raw materials is ideal for businesses that rely heavily on them, such as agriculture or fisheries, to reduce transport costs and maintain product integrity.
• 😀 Factors like labor availability and electricity supply are critical in location selection, especially for labor-intensive industries or large-scale production.
• 😀 The transportation system and infrastructure play a key role in determining the best location, including the availability of multiple transport modes for both raw materials and finished products.

Q & A

What are the four types of facilities discussed in the script?

The four types of facilities mentioned are: physical facilities, warehouse facilities, terminal facilities, and production facilities.

What are the three types of distribution channels in the script?

The three types of distribution channels are: complex channels, selective channels, and internal channels. Complex involves multiple stages from producer to consumer, selective involves direct flow from producer to retailer to consumer, and internal refers to a direct channel from producer to consumer.

What are the two methods of planning location mentioned in the script?

The two methods of location planning are: planning before the company is established and planning as part of an evaluation process once the company is operational.

How does location planning impact a company's goals?

Effective location planning can help a company achieve its goals such as maximizing profits, creating jobs, caring for the environment, and improving production processes.

What factors should be considered when choosing a location for a business?

Key factors include market accessibility, raw material availability, labor sources, infrastructure (transportation, electricity, water), social factors, land prices, environmental regulations, and the possibility for future expansion.

Why is proximity to the market important for certain businesses?

Being close to the market helps reduce transportation costs, enhances product security, and minimizes the risk of product damage or spoilage during transportation.

What considerations should be made regarding raw materials when selecting a business location?

Raw material considerations include proximity to sources of raw materials, the perishability of materials, and minimizing transportation costs. Businesses dealing with perishable goods, such as fish canning, benefit from being near raw material sources.

How does the availability of labor affect location decisions?

Businesses that are labor-intensive need to consider the availability of both skilled and unskilled labor. The cost of labor also plays a role, with businesses opting for locations where they can hire the necessary workforce at competitive wages.

Why is the availability of electricity a crucial factor in location selection?

Electricity is vital for powering large production machines. If local supply is insufficient, a business may need to invest in building its own electricity infrastructure to avoid disrupting production.

What is the role of transportation infrastructure in location selection?

Transportation infrastructure is essential to ensure the efficient movement of raw materials to production sites and finished products to consumers. The availability of multiple transport options, such as road, rail, and sea, is often a deciding factor.