BAGAIMANA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT | Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME)

Summary

This video provides an in-depth explanation of liquid waste management in palm oil mills, focusing on the treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). It covers the different types of waste (solid, liquid, and gas) and how each requires unique treatment methods. The video emphasizes the importance of controlling BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) to ensure environmental safety. Through processes like sedimentation, cooling, anaerobic digestion, and aerobic treatment, POME is processed to meet regulatory standards, ensuring it is safe for disposal into the environment. The goal is to minimize environmental impact while maintaining industrial productivity.

Takeaways

• 😀 Waste can be classified into three types: solid, liquid, and gas, each with unique characteristics and environmental impacts.
• 😀 Palm oil mills produce significant amounts of liquid waste, with 2.5 tons of liquid waste generated per ton of palm oil produced.
• 😀 Waste management involves physical, chemical, and biological processes to treat and reduce the harmful effects of waste.
• 😀 Physical treatment methods include sedimentation, filtration, and adsorption to remove contaminants.
• 😀 Chemical treatment methods involve processes like precipitation, oxidation-reduction, and ion exchange to treat waste.
• 😀 Biological treatment includes aerobic and anaerobic processes that use microorganisms to break down organic matter.
• 😀 The goal of wastewater treatment in palm oil mills is to reduce the high BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) to meet environmental standards.
• 😀 Palm oil mill effluent (POME) must be treated to comply with environmental regulations before being discharged into rivers.
• 😀 The treatment process starts with separating oils and fats using a fat separator (fatfit) before the wastewater is sent through various treatment stages.
• 😀 Anaerobic ponds are used to break down organic matter and increase pH, while facultative ponds allow both aerobic and anaerobic processes to occur.
• 😀 Aerobic ponds, often referred to as stabilization ponds, rely on algae to produce oxygen and help in further wastewater treatment before the final control pond ensures the effluent meets discharge standards.

Q & A

What are the three types of waste based on their form?

The three types of waste based on their form are solid, liquid, and gas. Each type has different characteristics and poses different environmental challenges.

Why is it important to manage waste properly?

Proper waste management is crucial to prevent environmental harm and health risks. Unmanaged waste can lead to pollution and damage ecosystems.

What is the definition of liquid waste in palm oil mills?

Liquid waste in palm oil mills, commonly referred to as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), is the wastewater produced during the processing of palm oil. It has a significant environmental impact if not properly treated.

How much liquid waste is produced per ton of palm oil processed?

For every ton of palm oil processed, approximately 2.5 tons of liquid waste is generated.

What are the three main processes involved in treating liquid waste from palm oil mills?

The three main processes for treating liquid waste in palm oil mills are physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods.

What is the role of 'fatfit' in the waste treatment process?

The 'fatfit' is a device used to filter and capture oils from the liquid waste. It separates the oil from the water, which is then sent back to the production process for further processing.

Why is cooling important in the treatment process of liquid waste?

Cooling is essential to lower the temperature of the liquid waste, which helps in reducing the oil content and prepares the environment for microbial life, specifically mesophilic bacteria that thrive at about 38°C.

How does the pH level affect the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME)?

POME usually has a very low pH, around 4.2 to 4.9, which inhibits bacterial growth. Increasing the pH to a more neutral range of 6.5 to 7.5 is necessary for effective biological treatment.

What happens in an anaerobic pond during waste treatment?

In an anaerobic pond, organic matter in the waste is broken down by bacteria in an oxygen-free environment. This process helps reduce the organic load and prepares the waste for further treatment in aerobic conditions.

What is the purpose of the facultative pond in the treatment process?

The facultative pond is designed to allow bacteria that can thrive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions to break down organic matter. It also supports algae growth, which helps in oxygen production for the microbial process.