FEMALE PELVIS | Anatomy | Bones | Ligaments | Joints | True & False Pelvis | The Nurses Station

Summary

This video explores the anatomy of the female pelvis, including its bones, joints, ligaments, and diameters. It details the structure of the innominate bones (hip bones), sacrum, and coccyx, and describes the major joints like the sacrococcygeal joint, pubic symphysis, and sacroiliac joint. The video also highlights the crucial pelvic ligaments and their role in supporting pelvic stability, especially during childbirth. Lastly, it covers the pelvic diameters, providing measurements of the inlet, cavity, and outlet, critical for understanding the passage of the fetus during delivery.

Takeaways

• 😀 The pelvis is formed by four bones: two innominate bones (hip bones), one sacrum, and one coccyx.
• 😀 The pelvis forms a deep, basin-like structure called the pelvic cavity, which connects the skeleton to the appendicular skeleton.
• 😀 The innominate bone is composed of three parts: ilium, ischium, and pubis.
• 😀 The ilium is the largest part of the innominate bone and serves as a point of attachment for muscles and ligaments.
• 😀 The ischium forms the inferior posterior portion of the hip bone and contains the ischial tuberosity, which is important for labor and childbirth.
• 😀 The pubis is the anterior and inferior part of the hip bone and is involved in the pubic symphysis joint, which contains fibrocartilage.
• 😀 The acetabulum is a deep socket formed by the ilium, ischium, and pubis, where the femur head fits to form the hip joint.
• 😀 The sacrum is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae and has unique characteristics such as a shorter, wider, and more curved structure in females.
• 😀 The coccyx, or tailbone, is formed by the fusion of four coccygeal vertebrae and serves as an attachment point for ligaments.
• 😀 Pelvic joints include the sacrococcygeal joint (between sacrum and coccyx), the pubic symphysis (between pubic bones), and the sacroiliac joint (between sacrum and iliac bones).
• 😀 The pelvic diameters, which include the inlet, cavity, and outlet, are crucial for obstetric functions such as childbirth and differ between anatomical and obstetric measurements.

Q & A

What bones make up the female pelvis?

The female pelvis is formed by four bones: two hip bones (also called innominate bones), one sacrum, and one coccyx.

What is the function of the pubic symphysis?

The pubic symphysis is a joint where the two pubic bones meet, held together by fibrocartilage. It allows minimal movement and plays an important role in expanding the pelvic diameter during pregnancy and childbirth.

What parts make up the innominate bone?

The innominate bone, or hip bone, is made up of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

What are the key features of the ilium?

The ilium is the largest part of the innominate bone, featuring a flared wing and an inferior body. It includes structures such as the iliac crest, anterior and posterior iliac spines, and the iliac fossa, which articulates with the sacrum.

How does the sacrum differ between males and females?

The female sacrum is shorter, wider, and more curved between S2 and S3 compared to the male sacrum. These differences help accommodate childbirth.

What role does the sacroiliac joint play in the pelvis?

The sacroiliac joint is the strongest joint in the human body, formed by the sacrum and the iliac bones. It allows minimal movement but is critical in supporting the pelvic structure, particularly during pregnancy when the ligaments soften to allow for pelvic expansion.

What is the purpose of the acetabulum in the pelvis?

The acetabulum is a deep socket formed by the ilium, ischium, and pubis that accepts the rounded head of the femur, forming the hip or coxal joint.

What are the key ligaments involved in stabilizing the pelvis?

Key pelvic ligaments include the pubic ligaments, sacrospinous ligaments, sacrotuberous ligaments, and the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments. These ligaments provide stability and support during activities like walking and childbirth.

What is the difference between the false pelvis and the true pelvis?

The false pelvis is the region above the pelvic brim and does not directly affect childbirth. It is formed by the iliac portions of the innominate bones and supports the uterus during pregnancy. The true pelvis is the region below the pelvic brim and is directly involved in the passage of the fetus during childbirth.

How are the diameters of the pelvic inlet important in childbirth?

The diameters of the pelvic inlet, such as the anterior-posterior and transverse diameters, are crucial in determining the size of the birth canal. These measurements help assess whether the pelvis can accommodate the passage of the fetus during labor.