AKUNTANSI PUSAT DAN CABANG: Pengiriman harga di atas harga pokok

Summary

This video covers the accounting process for goods shipped between a central office and its branches, focusing on transactions where goods are sold at prices above their cost price. It explains the rationale behind marking up goods to control branch management and boost efficiency. It also highlights how profits are adjusted and reported, with the central office recognizing savings through price markup, leading to lower reported profits at the branch. The video provides a practical example of this process through journal entries and explains the impact on branch profits and central office adjustments.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script focuses on the topic of accounting between headquarters and branch offices, specifically regarding the shipping of goods with an invoice price higher than the actual cost price.
• 😀 Headquarters may send goods to the branch with an invoice price above the actual cost price to control the branch's management and ensure more efficient business practices.
• 😀 The higher invoice price serves as a tool to manage the behavior of the branch's manager, encouraging them to be more cautious with expenses and cost management.
• 😀 The increase in the invoice price helps headquarters create a reserve for controlling and managing operations, and also influences performance metrics between the headquarters and branches.
• 😀 As a result, the reported profit of the branch is lower than the actual profit because the cost of goods is marked up, creating a discrepancy that benefits headquarters.
• 😀 At the branch, the higher invoice price is reflected in a 'reserve for price increase' account, which will later adjust the reported profit by adding the difference between the invoice price and actual cost.
• 😀 A case example is provided where headquarters in Jakarta sends 10 motorcycles to the Bekasi branch, invoicing them at 15 million IDR, while the actual cost price is 14 million IDR each.
• 😀 The branch records the incoming inventory at the inflated invoice price, and the headquarters records the transaction as an investment in the branch, which is balanced by inventory at cost.
• 😀 At the end of the period, when the motorcycles are sold, the branch reports a net profit of 15 million IDR, which is adjusted by removing the inflated amount to reflect the actual profit.
• 😀 The final accounting adjustments include the removal of the 'reserve for price increase' from the branch's books and the addition of the adjusted profit into the headquarters' overall financial records, ensuring accuracy in reporting.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the script?

The main topic of the script is the accounting process related to transactions between a head office and its branches, specifically focusing on pricing discrepancies in goods shipped from the head office to the branch and the subsequent profit reporting adjustments.

Why does the head office send goods to the branch at a price higher than the actual cost price?

The head office sends goods at a price higher than the actual cost price to control branch management and encourage efficiency. This practice also helps to manage branch performance and ensure tighter control over branch activities.

What is the purpose of adding a percentage on top of the cost price for goods sent to the branch?

The added percentage helps in controlling branch operations and provides a clearer view of branch performance. It also works as a tool to monitor and improve cost efficiency in branch operations.

How does the higher price on the invoice affect the branch's reported profit?

The higher price on the invoice results in a lower reported profit for the branch, as the cost of goods sold is inflated. This means that the reported profit is lower than the actual profit that was made by the branch.

What is the role of the 'Cadangan Kenaikan Harga Barang' account in this scenario?

The 'Cadangan Kenaikan Harga Barang' (Reserve for Price Increase) account is used to record the difference between the invoiced price and the actual cost price. This reserve is then used to adjust the branch's profit when the branch reports its financial results.

What happens when the branch reports its profit after selling the goods?

When the branch reports its profit after selling the goods, the profit reported is initially lower than the actual profit due to the inflated cost price. Adjustments are made by reversing the excess price recorded in the 'Cadangan Kenaikan Harga Barang' account to increase the branch's profit.

How is the adjustment made when the branch sells the goods?

The adjustment is made by debiting the 'Cadangan Kenaikan Harga Barang' account and crediting the branch's profit. This ensures that the branch's reported profit reflects the actual profit after accounting for the price difference.

What happens if only part of the goods sent by the head office is sold by the branch?

If only part of the goods are sold, the adjustment to the branch's reported profit is made proportionally, based on the number of goods sold. For example, if 6 out of 10 items are sold, the adjustment is made for only those 6 items.

What is the significance of the journal entries described in the script?

The journal entries illustrate the accounting treatment for inter-branch transactions, such as recording the initial transfer of goods at the inflated price, adjusting for the profit later, and ensuring that the branch's profit is correctly reported after selling the goods.

Why is the head office interested in keeping branch profits lower than actual?

The head office may want to keep branch profits lower than actual in order to manage and control branch performance more effectively, as well as to ensure that the branch operates with more cost efficiency and discipline.