Uso do HÍFEN – O que é Hífen? Quando Usar Hífen? (Regras do Novo Acordo Ortográfico)

Summary

This educational video offers a detailed explanation of when and how to use hyphens in the Portuguese language. It covers various scenarios, such as in compound nouns, words derived from proper names, and when certain prefixes are involved. The video also explains specific rules for hyphenation, including cases where hyphens are not needed, and the use of hyphens in compound words with specific characteristics like double consonants or vowel combinations. The content is packed with examples and guidelines to help learners master hyphenation in Portuguese, making it an invaluable resource for anyone looking to improve their language skills.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson is about the correct usage of hyphens in Portuguese, focusing on various scenarios where hyphens are used.
• 😀 Hyphens are used in compound nouns like 'arco-íris' (rainbow) and 'guarda-chuva' (umbrella), and in certain combinations of words.
• 😀 The script explains that the Portuguese orthographic agreement brought changes to hyphenation rules.
• 😀 Some common cases for using hyphens include compound words derived from toponyms (e.g., 'Grã-Bretanha' for Great Britain) and compound adjectives where the first word is 'bem' or 'mal'.
• 😀 The hyphen is also used when the second word starts with the letter 'h', as in 'pré-história' (prehistory) or 'super-homem' (superman).
• 😀 When a compound word contains the same vowels in adjacent elements (e.g., 'micro-ondas' or 'auto-observação'), a hyphen is used.
• 😀 In words where both elements are consonants that are identical, a hyphen is needed (e.g., 'interracial' or 'super-resistente').
• 😀 There is no hyphen in cases like 'hipermercado' (hypermarket) or 'intermunicipal' (intermunicipal), as the consonants are not the same.
• 😀 The script outlines specific rules for cases where a word begins with certain consonants or vowels, such as 'auto-' not requiring a hyphen when followed by consonants like 'p' or 'c'.
• 😀 It is also explained that words that have lost their sense of composition, such as 'girassol' (sunflower) or 'paraquedas' (parachute), do not use a hyphen anymore.
• 😀 The lesson concludes with a reminder to revisit the content for better retention and mastery of hyphenation rules in Portuguese.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the lesson?

The lesson is about understanding the use of the hyphen in the Portuguese language, focusing on when and how to apply it in various situations.

Why is the hyphen important in the Portuguese language?

The hyphen is used to join words in specific linguistic contexts, such as in compound words, word combinations, and certain prefixes. It helps clarify meaning and ensures proper pronunciation.

What are some examples of compound nouns that require a hyphen?

Examples include 'arco-íris' (rainbow), 'matéria-prima' (raw material), 'guarda-chuva' (umbrella), and 'segunda-feira' (Monday).

When do we use a hyphen after specific prefixes in Portuguese?

A hyphen is used after prefixes like 'pré-', 'pro-', 'ex-', 'vice-', and 'pós-' when the second element begins with the same letter or a vowel. For example: 'pré-escola' (preschool), 'ex-marido' (ex-husband), 'pós-moderno' (postmodern).

What is the rule regarding the use of hyphens with words starting with 'h'?

A hyphen is used when the second element of a compound word starts with 'h'. For example: 'super-homem' (superman), 'pré-história' (prehistory).

Are there specific cases where a hyphen is not used in compound words?

Yes, a hyphen is not used when the first word ends with a vowel and the second word starts with a consonant, such as 'autoescola' (driving school), 'infraestrutura' (infrastructure).

What happens when the prefix ends with a vowel and the second element starts with a different vowel?

In these cases, no hyphen is used. The words are simply joined together, for example, 'autopeças' (auto parts) or 'microondas' (microwave).

When is it necessary to duplicate the letters 'r' or 's' in a compound word?

When a compound word includes a prefix ending in a vowel and the second element starts with 'r' or 's', the 'r' or 's' is duplicated. For example, 'antissocial' (antisocial) and 'super-resistente' (super resistant).

Can you provide an example of when a hyphen is not used due to the loss of the notion of composition?

Examples include 'girassol' (sunflower) and 'paraquedas' (parachute), where the two words are no longer thought of as separate but rather as a single concept.

Why is the hyphen not used in compound words linked by 'de'?

Hyphens are not used in compound words that are linked by the preposition 'de', such as 'pé-de-moleque' (a type of candy) or 'camisa-de-força' (straitjacket). These words are considered to be fixed expressions.