Montagem de QDC com DPS e IDR

Summary

In this tutorial, the process of assembling a QDC (Electrical Distribution Board) with a surge protection device (DPS) and an earth leakage circuit breaker (IDR) is demonstrated step-by-step. The video explains the layout, wiring, and proper installation techniques for these essential components. Emphasizing safety, the tutorial shows how to wire the DPS and IDR in parallel, correctly ground the system, and ensure neutral wires are properly separated for each circuit. It provides a practical guide for electricians to understand the essentials of QDC assembly, focusing on correct wiring practices and the importance of proper dimensioning.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video demonstrates the installation of a QDC (distribution board) with a Surge Protection Device (DPS) and Residual Current Device (IDR).
• 😀 The DPS is manufactured by Clamper and is designed to be installed on a DIN rail inside distribution boards.
• 😀 The DPS is installed in parallel with the IDR, not in series, to provide surge protection while ensuring electrical safety.
• 😀 The general circuit breaker (disjuntor geral) feeds two phases to the distribution board and helps manage the flow of current.
• 😀 There are no polarity restrictions for the general circuit breaker; it can be fed from the top or bottom depending on aesthetic preferences.
• 😀 Both phases and neutral cables are connected to the DPS and IDR to provide surge protection and differential protection in the system.
• 😀 The IDR is a four-pole device (tetrapolar) because the circuit includes two phases and a neutral, requiring three poles.
• 😀 Each circuit in the distribution board needs a separate neutral wire, and the size of the neutral cable must match the phase wire to prevent overheating.
• 😀 A busbar is used to connect multiple phases in the distribution board, allowing for the efficient connection of multiple circuit breakers.
• 😀 After completing the connections for the DPS and IDR, the individual circuit cables are routed to their respective circuits for proper distribution in the residence.
• 😀 The importance of correct cable dimensioning, grounding, and neutral separation is emphasized for safety and proper electrical installation in the home.

Q & A

What is the purpose of a DPS in this video?

The DPS (Surge Protection Device) is used to protect the electrical system from power surges, ensuring that sensitive equipment is not damaged by unexpected electrical spikes.

What is the significance of using a 'JEIN' type rail for installing the DPS?

The 'JEIN' type rail is specifically designed for use in distribution panels. It allows for easy installation of components like the DPS, providing secure and standardized mounting.

Why is the IDR used in the electrical panel?

The IDR (Residual Current Device) is used to prevent electrical shocks by cutting off the power supply if an imbalance or leakage is detected, ensuring safety against electrical hazards.

What does 'bipolar' mean in this context when referring to the disjunctors?

In this context, 'bipolar' refers to the disjunctors handling two phases (live wires). The video demonstrates a circuit with a bipolar disjunct and explains how it interacts with other components.

Why does the IDR need to be tetrapolar for the system shown?

The system uses two phases and a neutral wire, so a tetrapolar IDR is necessary to ensure it can disconnect both phases and the neutral if needed, as it requires four poles for proper protection.

What is the main difference between connecting the disjunctors from above or below?

The connection can be made from either above or below, as the disjunctors are designed for alternating current (AC) and do not have polarity. This decision is based on aesthetic preferences rather than functional differences.

How is the neutral wire distributed in the panel?

The neutral wire is connected to both the DPS and the IDR. It is then distributed to the neutral bus bar where it is sectioned and appropriately routed to each individual circuit.

What is the purpose of the 'barramento pente' (busbar) used in the installation?

The 'barramento pente' (busbar) simplifies the distribution of power to the disjunctors by providing a quick and efficient connection between phases, eliminating the need for individual jumpers between each disjunctor.

Why is each circuit required to have a separate neutral and grounding wire?

Each circuit needs a dedicated neutral and grounding wire to prevent overheating and ensure safety. If multiple circuits shared the same neutral, it could lead to excessive current flow and potentially cause overheating or system failures.

What is the general process of wiring the QDC (Distribution Board) according to the video?

The video demonstrates the step-by-step process of wiring the QDC, starting with the disjunctors and DPS, followed by connecting the IDR, neutral and grounding systems, and finally distributing the power to individual circuits using a busbar for ease of connection.