PENJELASAN LENGKAP TENTANG ZAKAT FITRAH - Buya Yahya

Summary

This video explains the concept of zakat fitrah, an obligatory charity to purify one's soul, paid during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. The speaker outlines the conditions under which zakat becomes mandatory, including meeting Ramadan and Eid, being a Muslim, and having surplus wealth. The video also discusses the appropriate amount of zakat, its intended recipients, and the flexibility of paying in kind or in monetary value. Additionally, the importance of timely payment before Eid prayers is emphasized to ensure the welfare of the poor during the celebration.

Takeaways

• 😀 Zakat Fitrah is a soul purifying charity that is obligatory during Ramadan and before Eid al-Fitr for both men and women, including children.
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah must be given only by those who meet certain conditions, such as reaching Ramadan and Eid and having surplus wealth for the day of Eid.
• 😀 If a child is born after the Maghrib call to prayer on the last day of Ramadan, they are not obligated to give Zakat Fitrah, as they did not meet both Ramadan and Eid.
• 😀 Parents are responsible for giving Zakat Fitrah for their children, but a person is not responsible for those under their care if they are not financially dependent, like students or trainees.
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah must be given by Muslims; it is not obligatory for someone who has renounced Islam.
• 😀 A person must have extra wealth beyond what is necessary for their Eid celebration in order to be obligated to pay Zakat Fitrah. If they only have enough for basic needs, they are not required to give Zakat.
• 😀 The type of food given for Zakat Fitrah should be the staple food of the local community, typically rice in Indonesia. The quantity is about 2.5 kg per person, but the exact weight may vary slightly based on different scholars' opinions.
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah is due before the beginning of Eid. However, it can be given before Eid begins, as long as one has encountered Ramadan and the time for Eid.
• 😀 The best time to pay Zakat Fitrah is before the Eid prayer, but it remains valid if paid later. Delaying beyond the day of Eid is considered makruh (discouraged), and if it goes until Maghrib, it is considered haram (wrong).
• 😀 Zakat Fitrah can be paid in the form of money, based on the value of the food it would replace, as per the Hanafi school of thought, although other schools may require food as the form of payment.
• 😀 When distributing Zakat Fitrah, it should go to the poor and needy, as well as other eligible recipients, such as those in debt or those striving in the path of Allah (fisabilillah).

Q & A

What is Zakat Fitrah?

Zakat Fitrah is a purification charity that is given to cleanse the soul, and it is obligatory for Muslims to pay it every year during the month of Ramadan, before the end of the fasting period and the celebration of Eid al-Fitr.

Who is required to pay Zakat Fitrah?

Zakat Fitrah must be paid by every Muslim, including men, women, children, and adults. The obligation is fulfilled by the head of the family for themselves and their dependents, such as their spouse and children.

When does the obligation to pay Zakat Fitrah arise?

The obligation to pay Zakat Fitrah arises when a person reaches the end of Ramadan and the beginning of Eid al-Fitr. This means the person must have lived through the month of Ramadan and witness the start of Eid (the first day of Syawal).

What happens if a baby is born after the Maghrib call to prayer on the last day of Ramadan?

A baby born after the Maghrib prayer on the last day of Ramadan does not need to pay Zakat Fitrah, as they did not experience Ramadan or Eid. However, if the baby is born just before or during the Maghrib prayer, then the baby is required to receive Zakat Fitrah.

Who is responsible for paying Zakat Fitrah on behalf of dependents?

The head of the household, such as the father or guardian, is responsible for paying Zakat Fitrah for all dependents under their care, including their spouse and children. However, Zakat Fitrah is not required for individuals who are not under the guardian's responsibility, such as students in a religious school (santri).

Can a non-Muslim receive Zakat Fitrah?

No, only Muslims are eligible to receive Zakat Fitrah. If someone converts to Islam after Ramadan or during Syawal, they are not entitled to Zakat Fitrah for that year.

What are the requirements for someone to be obligated to pay Zakat Fitrah?

To be obligated to pay Zakat Fitrah, a person must have surplus wealth or food beyond their immediate needs for the celebration of Eid al-Fitr. This includes having enough money for food, clothing, and shelter. If someone only has enough for their basic needs, they are not obligated to pay.

What is the minimum amount of food required for Zakat Fitrah?

Zakat Fitrah must be paid in the form of a staple food, usually rice, which is the common food of the community. The amount required is typically between 24 and 28 ounces (around 2.5 kilograms) of rice per person, though the exact weight can vary depending on local customs and calculation methods.

Is it acceptable to pay Zakat Fitrah in cash instead of food?

While most scholars from the Shafi'i, Maliki, and Hanbali schools of thought hold that Zakat Fitrah should be paid in kind (with food), the Hanafi school allows for payment in cash. Given the current economic conditions, it is often more practical to give money equivalent to the value of the food, as long as the recipient can use it effectively.

When is the best time to pay Zakat Fitrah?

The best time to pay Zakat Fitrah is before the Eid al-Fitr prayer, ideally after the start of Syawal. However, it is allowed to pay Zakat Fitrah before the end of Ramadan, once Ramadan has begun. Delaying payment beyond the first day of Eid is not recommended and is considered makruh (discouraged), though the Zakat is still valid.