TEKNIK PENGAMBILAN DARAH VENA

Summary

This tutorial video demonstrates the proper procedure for venous blood sample collection in a clinical setting. It covers essential equipment such as syringes, Freon tubes, alcohol swabs, tourniquets, and more, with detailed steps on patient preparation, labeling, and blood withdrawal. The process emphasizes safety measures, including the proper use of alcohol swabs for disinfection, careful insertion of the needle at a 30-40 degree angle, and securing the blood sample with an anticoagulant to prevent clotting. Proper patient identification and labeling are also highlighted to ensure accuracy and prevent errors.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video provides an introduction to the tools needed for venous blood sampling in hematology practicals.
• 😀 A 3cc syringe (Nido middle) is used for venous blood collection, especially if the first attempt fails, ensuring the syringe body does not touch the blood.
• 😀 A Freon tube is required to store blood samples, and it is used to hold the blood sample with anticoagulant (EDTA 10%).
• 😀 Alcohol (70%) is used for disinfecting the skin before the venous blood collection.
• 😀 A tourniquet is applied to constrict the blood flow and make veins more visible and accessible for the blood draw.
• 😀 A support pad is placed under the patient's arm for comfort while taking the sample.
• 😀 After ensuring the patient’s identity, labeling is done by including information like name and age for sample identification.
• 😀 The patient is instructed to clench their fist to help locate veins by palpating the area.
• 😀 Disinfection is performed with a rotating motion from inside to outside, ensuring the area is clean before inserting the needle.
• 😀 The needle insertion angle should be between 30-40 degrees, adjusted based on the patient’s vein depth, and the syringe is aspirated once blood appears.
• 😀 Once blood is drawn, the tourniquet is removed, and the puncture site is closed with alcohol gauze to prevent infection.

Q & A

What is the primary purpose of using a 3cc syringe in this procedure?

The 3cc syringe is used for venous blood sampling. It is specifically selected because it can be reused in case the first attempt at venipuncture fails, provided that the syringe's body does not come in contact with the blood.

Why is a Freon tube used in blood sampling?

The Freon tube, or blood collection tube, is used to store the blood sample. It contains an anticoagulant, specifically EDTA 10%, to prevent the blood from clotting.

What is the purpose of using 70% alcohol in the procedure?

The 70% alcohol is used for disinfecting the skin before the venipuncture to reduce the risk of infection at the puncture site.

How does the tourniquet function during the blood sampling process?

The tourniquet is used to apply pressure to the patient's arm, which helps to fill the veins with blood and make them easier to locate and puncture.

What is the purpose of the padding or cushion used during the procedure?

The padding serves as a support for the patient's arm during the blood draw, providing comfort and stability during the process.

Why is it important to palpate the vein before puncturing it?

Palpating the vein helps to locate the most suitable vein for venipuncture, ensuring that the blood draw is as effective and painless as possible.

How is the skin disinfected before the venipuncture?

The skin is disinfected by applying 70% alcohol using a circular motion, starting from the center of the puncture site and moving outward to ensure a thorough disinfection.

What should be done immediately after collecting the blood sample?

After collecting the blood sample, it should be immediately transferred to the Freon tube containing EDTA 10% to prevent clotting. The sample is then mixed gently to ensure proper anticoagulation.

Why is it necessary to label the blood sample?

Labeling the sample ensures proper identification and avoids confusion or mix-ups between samples from different patients. It is crucial for maintaining patient safety and sample integrity.

What should be done if the syringe is not drawing blood properly?

If the syringe is not drawing blood, the needle should be adjusted or repositioned slightly, while ensuring the needle remains in the vein. The blood draw should be continued carefully to avoid injury or discomfort.