PESANTREN RAMADHAN MA MU'ALLIMAT NU KUDUS HARI PERTAMA

Summary

This video script delves into the intricacies of determining the start of Ramadan through moon sighting (rukyah). It discusses the different practices between Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the impact of weather conditions like cloud cover on the sighting process, and the importance of proper timing for iftar and sahur. The script also highlights the prohibition of fasting on the 30th of Shaban without certainty, urging patience and caution during Ramadan. The overall message encourages adherence to religious practices while being mindful of accurate moon sightings and correct timing for fasting activities.

Takeaways

• 😀 The importance of using tools like telescopes to observe the hilal (crescent moon) for determining the start of Ramadan.
• 😀 The decision to observe the start of Ramadan can be influenced by weather conditions such as clouds or rain, which may delay the sighting of the hilal.
• 😀 Differences between religious groups, such as Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), exist in their approach to determining the start of Ramadan. Muhammadiyah follows a more independent approach, while NU relies on government decisions.
• 😀 In some regions like Saudi Arabia, the weather can affect Ramadan observances, such as extreme cold or heavy rain during specific seasons.
• 😀 Individuals traveling for Umrah or other religious duties may experience fasting on different schedules due to time zone differences and the movement of the sun.
• 😀 The importance of observing the correct date for the start of Ramadan, with the proper sighting of the moon, and the impact of unclear weather conditions on this.
• 😀 When the moon sighting is obstructed by weather, the month of Ramadan may be completed with a 30-day cycle, rather than ending prematurely due to confusion about the moon's appearance.
• 😀 A day of doubt (Yawm al-Shak) occurs on the 30th of Sha'ban when uncertainty about the start of Ramadan arises. It is not permissible to fast on this day without a valid reason.
• 😀 Voluntary fasting, such as fasting on Mondays and Thursdays, is allowed even during times of doubt, but fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban without certainty of Ramadan's start is considered forbidden.
• 😀 Caution should be exercised when breaking fast (iftar) to ensure that the sun has set and it is indeed the correct time for maghrib, as mistaking the timing could invalidate the fast.

Q & A

What is the main method used to determine the start of Ramadan?

The start of Ramadan is determined through moon sighting (rukyah), which involves visually observing the crescent moon. If the moon is visible without obstruction, it marks the beginning of Ramadan. If visibility is hindered by clouds or rain, the month is completed with 30 days before starting Ramadan.

How do Muhammadiyah and NU differ in their approach to determining the start of Ramadan?

Muhammadiyah follows an ideological approach and uses calculations based on astronomical data, adopting the timing set by Saudi Arabia. In contrast, NU relies on the Indonesian government's official decision and supports moon sighting based on local observation.

What happens if the moon is not visible due to weather conditions?

If the moon cannot be seen due to weather conditions such as clouds or rain, the start of Ramadan is not declared, and the month is completed with 30 days. Ramadan will begin after 30 full days, and it is followed by the new lunar month.

Why is it important to verify the sunset when preparing for Iftar?

It is important to ensure that sunset has occurred before breaking the fast (Iftar). Sometimes, weather conditions or incorrect assumptions can lead people to think the sun has set when it has not. The most reliable method is to wait until the official Maghrib time to avoid breaking the fast prematurely.

What is the significance of 'Musyak' (doubtful days) in the context of Ramadan?

The 'Musyak' or doubtful days occur on the 30th of Sha'ban, when there is uncertainty whether Ramadan has started or not. On these days, fasting is prohibited unless there is a valid reason, such as making up missed fasts from previous years or following habitual Sunnah fasts.

What is the ruling on fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban without certainty?

Fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban is not allowed without certainty that Ramadan has started. If someone fasts without a valid reason, it is considered haram (forbidden). However, fasting is allowed if it is part of a regular practice, such as fasting on Mondays and Thursdays or making up missed fasts (Qada).

How does the weather in Saudi Arabia affect the experience of fasting for pilgrims?

Pilgrims in Saudi Arabia often experience extreme weather conditions, such as intense heat and dryness, which can cause physical discomfort, such as cracked lips. The weather in Saudi Arabia differs from Indonesia, where the climate is often cooler and wetter, affecting the experience of fasting during Ramadan.

What should a person do if they are uncertain whether it is time for Maghrib during Iftar?

If there is doubt about whether it is time for Maghrib, the individual should be patient and wait until the official Maghrib time. Rushing into Iftar without confirming the time could invalidate the fast, similar to eating during the time of Fajr before Subuh.

What is the significance of the statement 'Hatiullahulil Amriinkum' in the context of Ramadan?

'Hatiullahulil Amriinkum' translates to 'Let the authority over you guide you.' This emphasizes the importance of following the correct and official determination for the beginning of Ramadan rather than acting hastily or independently without clear guidance.

Why is it emphasized that fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban without valid reason is haram?

Fasting on the 30th of Sha'ban without certainty of Ramadan's arrival is haram because it goes against the principle of not jumping ahead and fasting when there is doubt. It is prohibited to anticipate Ramadan unless there is a specific reason, like completing missed fasts (Qada) or regular Sunnah fasts.