Sejarah Singkat PGRI (Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia)

Summary

The video explores the history of the Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI), founded on November 25, 1945, just 100 days after Indonesia's independence proclamation. Initially starting as the Persatuan Guru Hindia Belanda (PGHB) in 1912, it transformed into Persatuan Guru Indonesia (PGI) in 1932, reflecting the growing spirit of nationalism among Indonesian teachers. Despite challenges during the Japanese occupation, the organization was revitalized after independence, uniting teachers to promote national education, defend their rights, and support the newly independent nation. PGRI’s contribution continues to be honored with Indonesia’s National Teacher’s Day on November 20 each year.

Takeaways

• 😀 PGRI (Indonesian Teachers Association) was founded on November 25, 1945, just 100 days after Indonesia's independence proclamation.
• 😀 The precursor to PGRI was the Persatuan Guru Hindia Belanda (PGHB), formed in 1912, which later became Persatuan Guru Indonesia (PGI) in 1932.
• 😀 PGHB was a unitary organization with members from various educational backgrounds, including village school teachers and headmasters.
• 😀 Nationalist sentiments grew among Indonesian teachers, leading to the transformation of PGHB into PGI in 1932, reflecting the desire for equal rights and positions.
• 😀 The Dutch colonial government opposed the name 'Indonesia' in PGI, as it represented nationalism, but it was embraced by Indonesians.
• 😀 During the Japanese occupation, all teacher organizations were banned, and PGI could no longer function.
• 😀 After Indonesia's independence in 1945, the Indonesian Teachers Congress was held from November 24-25, where various teacher groups united.
• 😀 The congress led to the creation of PGRI on November 20, 1945, to improve education quality, defend teachers' rights, and support Indonesia's national development.
• 😀 PGRI represents teachers across Indonesia, including active educators, retired teachers, and civil servants in education.
• 😀 The Indonesian government recognized the importance of teachers by establishing November 20 as National Teachers' Day through Presidential Decree No. 78 of 1994.
• 😀 PGRI remains dedicated to the values of service, struggle, and unity in advancing education and teacher welfare in Indonesia.

Q & A

When was the Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (PGRI) founded?

PGRI was founded on November 25, 1945, just 100 days after Indonesia's independence.

What was the original name of the organization that became PGRI?

The original name was Persatuan Guru Hindia Belanda (PGHB), established in 1912.

How did PGHB evolve into PGI?

In 1932, PGHB changed its name to Persatuan Guru Indonesia (PGI) to reflect the growing nationalistic spirit among Indonesian teachers.

Why did the name change from PGHB to PGI in 1932?

The name was changed to PGI to align with the growing nationalist movement in Indonesia and to reflect the desire for independence from colonial rule.

What significant event took place in Surakarta in 1945?

The Congress of Indonesian Teachers took place in Surakarta on November 24-25, 1945, where different teacher organizations united to form PGRI.

What was the purpose of the 1945 congress in Surakarta?

The purpose was to unite various teacher groups and form a single organization that would support the Republic of Indonesia and improve education, while advocating for teachers' rights.

How did the Japanese occupation impact teacher organizations like PGI?

During the Japanese occupation, all organizations were banned, and PGI was unable to operate, disrupting its activities.

What key event occurred on August 17, 1945, related to PGRI?

The proclamation of Indonesia’s independence on August 17, 1945, inspired the Congress of Indonesian Teachers in November 1945, which eventually led to the establishment of PGRI.

When was National Teacher's Day officially recognized in Indonesia?

National Teacher's Day was officially recognized on November 20th, 1994, following the Presidential Decree No. 78 of 1994.

What are the main goals of PGRI as outlined in its formation?

The main goals of PGRI include improving the quality of education, advocating for the rights of teachers, and supporting the goals of the Republic of Indonesia.