Wie entsteht ein Wirbelsturm? | Erklärvideos für Kinder | SRF Kids – Kindervideos
Summary
TLDRThis script explains the formation of tropical cyclones, known as hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons, which originate over warm ocean waters in the tropics. As the sun heats the water, evaporation leads to the rise of moist, warm air, forming massive cloud towers. The Coriolis effect, due to Earth's rotation, causes these clouds to spin in a circular motion, but only within specific latitudes. The cyclone's structure resembles a giant funnel, drawing in moist, warm air from the ocean surface, growing in size. At the center, known as the 'eye,' conditions are nearly cloudless and calm. Tropical cyclones are categorized by wind speed, with category one being relatively mild and category five being extremely dangerous, capable of causing significant damage through wind, rain, and flooding. When they make landfall, they weaken due to the lack of warm ocean water to sustain them.
Takeaways
- 🌀 Hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are tropical cyclones that form over the ocean in tropical regions.
- 🔥 They develop when warm sea water heats the air, causing it to rise and form large cloud towers.
- ❄️ Higher up, the air cools and condenses back into water, creating massive storm clouds.
- 🌀 The Coriolis force, caused by Earth's rotation, causes these cloud towers to rotate in a circular pattern.
- 🌍 This circular motion only occurs within a specific zone between the 5th and 20th latitudes on Earth.
- 🌀 The storm appears as a giant funnel from the outside, rotating like a spinning top.
- 🌪️ The funnel draws in more and more warm, moist air from the ocean surface, growing larger.
- 🌀 At the center, where cold, dry air sinks, it is nearly cloudless and calm - this is called the storm's eye.
- 💨 Tropical cyclones are categorized into 5 levels based on wind speed, with Category 1 being relatively weak and Category 5 extremely dangerous.
- 🏠 When a tropical cyclone hits land, it can cause significant damage from wind, rain, and flooding.
- 🌊 As the storm moves over land and can no longer draw in warm, moist air from the ocean, it weakens and eventually dissipates.
Q & A
What are hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons?
-Hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are types of tropical cyclones, which are storm systems that form over warm ocean waters in tropical regions.
What causes tropical cyclones to form?
-Tropical cyclones form when warm ocean water evaporates, creating moist warm air that rises. As it rises, it cools and condenses, forming large cloud towers similar to thunderstorms but much larger.
What is the role of the Coriolis effect in the formation of tropical cyclones?
-The Coriolis effect, caused by the Earth's rotation on its axis, helps the cloud towers to rotate in a circular pattern, which is a key component in the formation of a tropical cyclone.
Why does the Coriolis effect only work within a certain zone?
-The Coriolis effect is significant between the 5th and 20th latitudes on Earth, where the circular rotation of the cyclone becomes faster and faster.
What does the appearance of a tropical cyclone look like from the outside?
-From the outside, a tropical cyclone appears as a giant funnel that rotates like a spinning top, with the cyclone drawing in more and more moist warm air from the ocean surface.
What is the 'eye of the storm'?
-The 'eye of the storm' is the nearly cloudless and calm center of a tropical cyclone, where the cold, dry air falls back down.
How are tropical cyclones categorized?
-Tropical cyclones are categorized into five stages based on their wind speed, with Category 1 storms being relatively weak and Category 5 storms being extremely dangerous.
What kind of damage can Category 1 tropical cyclones cause?
-Category 1 tropical cyclones can cause damage such as uprooting large tree branches, but they are not as destructive as higher categories.
Why are Category 5 tropical cyclones considered extremely dangerous?
-Category 5 tropical cyclones are extremely dangerous because they can destroy houses and bridges and flood large areas due to their high wind speeds and heavy rainfall.
What happens when a tropical cyclone makes landfall?
-When a tropical cyclone makes landfall, it often causes significant damage through wind, rain, and flooding because it can no longer draw in the warm, moist air from the ocean surface and gradually weakens.
How does a tropical cyclone dissipate after making landfall?
-A tropical cyclone dissipates after making landfall because it loses its source of warm, moist air from the ocean, causing it to gradually weaken and eventually break apart.
Outlines
🌀 Formation and Characteristics of Tropical Cyclones
This paragraph explains the formation of tropical cyclones such as hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons. They originate over warm ocean waters in the tropics where the sun's heat causes water to evaporate, creating warm, moist air that rises. As it rises, the air cools and condenses, forming large cloud systems. The Coriolis effect, a result of Earth's rotation, causes these cloud systems to rotate in a circular pattern, but only within a specific zone between the 5th and 20th latitudes. The rotation accelerates, creating a large funnel-like structure resembling a spinning top, which draws in more warm, moist air from the ocean surface, growing in size. At the center, known as the 'eye of the storm,' the air is relatively cloudless and calm due to the descent of cold, dry air. Tropical cyclones are categorized into five stages based on wind speed, with category one storms being relatively weak and capable of uprooting large tree branches, while category five storms are extremely dangerous, capable of destroying houses and bridges and flooding entire regions. When a tropical cyclone makes landfall, it can cause significant damage due to wind, rain, and flooding. However, without the warm ocean water to sustain the storm, it gradually weakens and eventually dissipates.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Tropical Cyclones
💡Coriolis Effect
💡Condensation
💡Eye of the Storm
💡Warm Ocean Waters
💡Evaporation
💡Cyclone Categories
💡Landfall
💡Moist Warm Air
💡Dissipation
Highlights
Hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons are types of tropical cyclones.
They form over the ocean in the tropics where the sea is very warm over large areas.
When the sun shines on the water, it evaporates creating warm, moist air that rises.
As the warm air rises, it cools and condenses back into water, forming large cloud towers.
These cloud towers are similar to those in non-tropical regions but are much larger.
The Coriolis force, resulting from the Earth's rotation, is necessary for a tropical cyclone.
The Coriolis force causes the cloud towers to rotate in a circular motion.
This circular motion only occurs within a specific zone between the 5th and 20th latitude.
The rotation speeds up as it moves outward, creating the appearance of a giant funnel.
The funnel draws in more warm, moist air from the ocean surface, increasing its size.
At the center, where cold, dry air falls, there is nearly cloudless and windless, known as the storm's eye.
Tropical cyclones are categorized into five stages based on their wind speed.
Category one storms are relatively weak, capable of breaking large tree branches.
Category five storms are extremely dangerous, capable of destroying houses and bridges, and flooding entire regions.
When a tropical cyclone makes landfall, it can cause significant damage from wind, rain, and flooding.
As the cyclone moves over land and can no longer draw in warm, moist air, it weakens and eventually dissipates.
Transcripts
hurricanes sie klone und taifune sind
sogenannte tropische wirbelstürme und
entstehen über dem meer in den tropen
dort ist das meer auf großen flächen bis
in die tiefe sehr warm
wenn die sonne auf das wasser scheint
verdunstet es und feucht warme luft
steigt nach oben
weiter oben kühlt die luft ab und
kondensiert das heißt sie wird wieder zu
wasser so entstehen riesige wolkentürme
sie sehen ähnlich aus wie bei uns sind
aber viel viel größer wolkentürme allein
machen aber noch keinen tropischen
wirbelsturm
es braucht dazu noch die corioliskraft
diese entsteht durch die drehung der
erde um die eigene achse
sie bringt die wolkentürme dazu sich im
kreis zu drehen
das funktioniert aber nur innerhalb
einer bestimmten zone zwischen dem
fünften und dem 20 breitengrad auf der
erdkugel diese kreisförmige drehung wird
immer schneller und schneller
von außen sieht es dann aus wie ein
riesiger trichter der sich wie ein
kreisel dreht dieser trichter saugt mehr
und mehr feucht warme luft von der
meeresoberfläche an und wird so immer
größer im zentrum da wo die kalte
trockene luft wieder nach unten fällt
ist es nahezu wolkenlos und windstill
das nennt man das auge des sturms
tropische wirbelstürme werden in fünf
stufen anhand ihrer windgeschwindigkeit
unterteilt stürme der kategorie eins
sind relativ schwach und können zum
beispiel große äste von bäumen abdrücken
tropische wirbelstürme der kategorie
fünf dagegen sind extrem gefährlich und
können häuser und brücken zerstören und
ganze landstriche überfluteten
wenn ein tropischer wirbelsturm auf land
trifft entstehen also oft große schäden
durch wind regen und überschwemmungen
weil der wirbelsturm aber ohne das warme
meerwasser keine feucht-warme luft mehr
an saugen kann schwächt er sich immer
mehr ab und löst sich irgendwann ganz
auf
[Musik]
[Applaus]
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