A ORIGEM E HISTÓRIA DO macOS - DE 1976 A 2024 - MINI WEBDOC

Summary

This video explores the history and evolution of macOS, Apple's operating system. It takes viewers on a journey from the early days of Apple's computers, beginning with the Apple 1 in 1976, to the launch of macOS 14 Sonoma in 2023. The video highlights key milestones, including the transition to the Unix-based macOS X in 2001, the introduction of new features like the dark mode, and the significant shift to ARM architecture with macOS 11 Big Sur. It also discusses how the macOS has become a cornerstone of Apple's integrated ecosystem, with advancements in security, AI, and design.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Apple ecosystem is vast, spanning from computers to smartphones, watches, and tablets, but it started as a computer company with the launch of the Macintosh in 1984.
• 😀 The MacOS, Apple's operating system, has undergone significant evolution since its origins, starting with the Apple 1 in 1976 and moving through several versions to become the modern MacOS.
• 😀 MacOS has a long history of shifting its design and functionality, from basic command-line interfaces to graphical user interfaces, starting with the Apple 2 and the Macintosh's System.
• 😀 The transition to MacOS as we know it today began after Apple purchased NeXT in 1997, bringing in Steve Jobs and the NeXTSTEP operating system, which became the foundation for MacOS's modern structure.
• 😀 The introduction of MacOS X in 2001 marked a major redesign, moving to a Unix-based system and incorporating a new graphical interface known as Aqua, significantly improving system stability and resource efficiency.
• 😀 Over the years, MacOS versions were named after animals, such as Puma, Jaguar, and Panther, before moving to names based on California locations starting with Mavericks in 2013.
• 😀 MacOS adopted features from iOS starting with OS X Mavericks, gradually introducing iOS-like apps and services, including the iBook and Maps apps.
• 😀 The interface of MacOS underwent significant changes, such as the introduction of flat design with macOS Yosemite (2014) and further refinements with each subsequent version.
• 😀 Security and system architecture improvements included the transition to a new file system (APFS) with macOS High Sierra (2017) and the introduction of significant privacy and security features in later versions.
• 😀 The release of macOS 11 Big Sur in 2020 represented a historic shift, as it was optimized for Apple’s new ARM-based M1 chips, marking the end of the Intel-based Mac era and increasing integration with iOS and iPadOS devices.
• 😀 The current macOS versions, including macOS 12 Monterey, macOS 13 Ventura, and macOS 14 Sonoma, continue to build on the deep integration of hardware and software, bringing new AI features, graphics optimizations, and better cross-device communication.

Q & A

What was the first operating system used by Apple computers?

The first operating system used by Apple computers was based on Microsoft's Basic, called Basic Apple Soft, used in the Apple 1 and Apple 2 models.

When did the Macintosh operating system officially become known as macOS?

The Macintosh operating system officially became known as macOS in 1996, with the release of System 7.6.

How did the original Macintosh operating system differ from modern systems?

The original Macintosh operating system, known as macOS Classic, did not use a traditional kernel as modern operating systems do. It was based on a set of libraries directly linked to the hardware, rather than relying on larger, more complex systems.

What role did the NeXT operating system play in the development of macOS?

The NeXT operating system, developed by Steve Jobs' company NeXT, was based on the Mach microkernel and BSD. When NeXT was acquired by Apple, its system influenced the redesign of macOS, which incorporated a hybrid kernel called XNU, combining elements of the NeXT system and BSD.

What major changes did macOS 10.0 (Cheetah) bring to the operating system?

macOS 10.0, also known as Cheetah, introduced a completely redesigned system with the Aqua graphical user interface, featuring rounded corners, transparency, and new visual effects, marking a significant shift from previous versions.

How did the naming convention of macOS change over time?

Initially, macOS versions were named after big cats, like Puma and Leopard. Starting with macOS 10.9 (Mavericks), Apple switched to naming versions after locations in California. In 2016, the system was rebranded from OS X to macOS to align with Apple's other operating systems.

What was the impact of macOS 10.15 (Catalina) on 32-bit applications?

macOS 10.15 (Catalina) ended support for 32-bit applications, marking a shift to 64-bit only applications. This move encouraged developers to update their software to modern standards.

What new features were introduced in macOS 10.14 (Mojave)?

macOS 10.14 (Mojave) introduced the Dark Mode, dynamic wallpapers that change based on time of day, and several new security features, enhancing user experience and system protection.

How did macOS 11 Big Sur revolutionize Apple's computers?

macOS 11 Big Sur marked a historic transition to Apple's ARM-based architecture, optimizing the system for Apple's new chips. It also introduced a complete redesign, aligning the macOS interface with iOS and iPadOS, and improving the integration between Apple devices.

What are some of the new features introduced with macOS 14 (Sonoma)?

macOS 14 (Sonoma) introduced a redesigned system preferences menu, widget support on the desktop, and further improvements in security and AI-powered features, continuing the trend of integration with iOS and iPadOS.