Frasa dalam Bahasa Indonesia

Summary

In this video, Emmanuel Fikri explains the concept of 'frasa' (phrase) in Indonesian language, highlighting its structure and types. He discusses two main categories: coordinate phrases (frasa koordinatif) and subordinate phrases (frasa subordinatif), along with various types based on the headword, such as noun phrases (frasa nomina), verb phrases (frasa verbal), adjective phrases (frasa adjektiva), and others. Additionally, he covers phrases based on their meaning, like idiomatic expressions. The video provides a clear breakdown of the different types of phrases and their function within sentences.

Takeaways

• 😀 Frasa consists of two or more words that do not have a predicate and cannot form a complete sentence on their own.
• 😀 Frasa can be divided into two main types: *frasa setara* (coordinative) and *frasa bertingkat* (subordinative).
• 😀 In a *frasa setara*, the elements are of equal importance, such as in examples like *Tua-Muda* (Old and Young).
• 😀 A *frasa bertingkat* has one core element and other elements that function as attributes, like in *Rumah Indah* (Beautiful House).
• 😀 Frasa is further categorized by the type of word at its core, such as *frasa benda* (nominal phrase), *frasa kerja* (verbal phrase), and *frasa sifat* (adjectival phrase).
• 😀 A *frasa benda* functions like a noun and can be seen in phrases like *Hadiah Ulang Tahun* (Birthday Gift).
• 😀 A *frasa kerja* is similar to a verb and is used in phrases like *Akan Memakai* (Will Wear).
• 😀 A *frasa sifat* functions like an adjective, such as in the phrase *Gelap Sekali* (Very Dark).
• 😀 Frasa can also be classified based on its syntactic structure into *frasa endosentris* (endocentric) and *frasa eksosentris* (exocentric).
• 😀 *Frasa endosentris* has a central element, while *frasa eksosentris* does not, with examples like *Ke Pantai* (To the Beach).

Q & A

What is a phrase (frasa) in Indonesian language?

A phrase (frasa) in the Indonesian language consists of two or more words that do not have a predicate. It is a unit that functions within a sentence but does not form a complete sentence or clause because it lacks a verb or predicate.

What are the two main types of phrases based on their structure?

The two main types of phrases based on their structure are: 1) Setara (coordinative) phrases, where the components are equal or of the same rank, and 2) Bertingkat (subordinative or attributive) phrases, where one component is the core, and others are just attributes.

What is the example of a setara (coordinative) phrase?

An example of a setara (coordinative) phrase is 'tua-muda' (old-young) or 'merah-putih' (red-white), where the words are of equal rank.

What is a frasa benda (noun phrase)?

Frasa benda (noun phrase) is a phrase whose distribution is similar to a noun. The core of the phrase is a noun, such as 'hadiah ulang tahun' (birthday gift), which functions as a noun phrase.

What is a frasa kerja (verb phrase)?

Frasa kerja (verb phrase) is a phrase whose distribution is similar to a verb. It consists of a verb, such as in 'akan memakai tas baru besok' (will wear a new bag tomorrow), where 'akan memakai' (will wear) is the verb phrase.

What is the purpose of a frasa sifat (adjective phrase)?

Frasa sifat (adjective phrase) describes a state or quality, similar to an adjective. An example is 'ruang ini gelap sekali' (this room is very dark), where 'gelap sekali' (very dark) is the adjective phrase.

What is a frasa keterangan (adverbial phrase)?

Frasa keterangan (adverbial phrase) acts as an adverb, modifying verbs or other elements in the sentence. For example, 'tidak biasanya dia pulang larut malam' (he usually doesn’t come home late at night), where 'tidak biasanya' (not usually) is the adverbial phrase.

What is a frasa bilangan (numeral phrase)?

Frasa bilangan (numeral phrase) is a phrase that functions like a number. For example, 'dua orang serdadu' (two soldiers) is a numeral phrase, where 'dua orang' (two people) represents a numeral.

What is the difference between frasa endosentris and frasa eksosentris?

Frasa endosentris contains a core component that is central to the phrase. It can be divided into several types, such as coordinate, attributive, and appositive. Frasa eksosentris, on the other hand, does not have a core component and may involve a preposition, like 'ke pantai' (to the beach), where 'ke' (to) is the preposition.

What is a frasa idiomatik (idiomatic phrase)?

Frasa idiomatik (idiomatic phrase) is a phrase that does not have a literal meaning and is often used metaphorically. For instance, 'kambing hitam' (scapegoat) in 'menjadi kambing hitam' (become the scapegoat) refers to someone who is blamed, not literally a black goat.