Konstruksi Alat Ukur Psikologi - Kuliah Online 4 UNJANI Yogyakarta

Summary

This lecture focuses on the process of constructing psychological measurement tools, guiding students through the steps from conceptualizing abstract psychological constructs to creating measurable indicators. It outlines key stages such as conceptualization, test construction, tryouts, analysis, and revision, while emphasizing the importance of defining dimensions and indicators. Practical examples, such as constructing a scale for aggressiveness, illustrate how to create a blueprint and write scale items. The lecture encourages students to apply this knowledge by creating their own measurement tool blueprint as part of an assignment.

Takeaways

• 😀 Understanding the concept of psychological measurement tools is crucial for this course.
• 😀 The process of constructing a psychological measurement tool involves several stages, including conceptualization, construction, and item development.
• 😀 One of the first steps in constructing a measurement tool is to determine the purpose of the tool and how it will be administered.
• 😀 The construction phase involves defining the scope of what will be measured and identifying relevant indicators.
• 😀 A key step in the process is creating a blueprint (or 'blueprint') that outlines the dimensions and indicators to be measured.
• 😀 Psychological constructs are abstract concepts that must be operationalized and tested for validity and reliability.
• 😀 Indicators are observable behaviors that can be measured to represent psychological constructs.
• 😀 Each indicator is broken down into behavioral items that can be tested, such as survey questions or statements.
• 😀 A successful measurement tool needs to be able to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant dimensions of the construct.
• 😀 The tool undergoes an iterative process, involving tryouts, reliability analysis, and revisions to ensure high validity and reliability.
• 😀 The course includes practical assignments, like creating a blueprint for a psychological scale, that require students to apply these concepts.

Q & A

What is the first step in constructing a psychological measurement tool?

The first step is the conceptualization of the test, which involves defining the construct and identifying the purpose of the measurement tool.

What does 'test construction' involve in the process of building a psychological tool?

Test construction involves limiting the measurement domain, determining the relevant indicators, and beginning the process of writing scale items.

What is the role of 'tryout' in the test construction process?

The 'tryout' phase tests the constructed language and items on a sample group that reflects the target population. It helps identify any issues before the final implementation.

How is 'analysis' important in constructing psychological tools?

The analysis phase involves assessing the results of the tryout, evaluating the reliability and validity of the tool, and interpreting the outcomes to ensure the tool measures what it intends to measure.

Why is 'revision' necessary after the analysis phase?

Revision is necessary to improve the tool based on the analysis. This may involve removing ineffective items and refining the tool to ensure high reliability and validity.

What are psychological 'concepts' in the context of measurement tools?

Psychological concepts are abstract, hypothetical ideas that represent psychological traits or attributes, which need to be operationalized into measurable forms for testing.

What is the difference between 'dimensions' and 'indicators' in the context of psychological measurement?

Dimensions are specific aspects or subcategories of a broader psychological concept, whereas indicators are observable behaviors or characteristics that represent those dimensions.

Can you give an example of how a psychological concept is broken down into dimensions and indicators?

For example, the concept of 'aggressiveness' could have dimensions like physical aggression, verbal aggression, and emotional outbursts. These dimensions would then be broken down into indicators like 'punching' for physical aggression or 'yelling' for verbal aggression.

What is the significance of creating a blueprint when constructing a psychological scale?

The blueprint ensures a structured distribution of items across dimensions and provides clear guidelines on item construction. It ensures the scale accurately represents the concept being measured.

How does the 'favorable' and 'unfavorable' classification of items impact the construction of a psychological scale?

Classifying items as favorable or unfavorable helps balance the scale, ensuring that items supporting the construct are appropriately weighed against those that don't, which enhances the scale's validity and effectiveness.