Types Of Manufacturing Processes (Job Shop, Batch, Mass, Flow, Process Type Manufacturing Processes)

Summary

This video discusses the strategic decision-making involved in selecting a manufacturing process for a business. It explores four types of manufacturing processes: jobbing, batch, mass, and process type, explaining their respective use cases and benefits. Key factors influencing the choice of process include volume and variety, plant capacity, lead time, flexibility, and efficiency. For small-scale enterprises, batch processes are often the most suitable. The video emphasizes the importance of considering these factors before finalizing decisions regarding production systems and planning.

Takeaways

• 😀 Manufacturing process selection is a strategic decision with high costs and time commitments.
• 😀 The right manufacturing process must meet both the product specifications and cost-effectiveness.
• 😀 Four types of manufacturing processes exist: Jobbing, Batch, Mass/Flow, and Process-type manufacturing.
• 😀 Jobbing manufacturing produces customized products in small quantities based on customer specifications.
• 😀 Batch manufacturing produces limited quantities of different products in separate batches using the same set of machines.
• 😀 Mass/Flow manufacturing is used for large quantities of a single product, with machines arranged in a line flow for efficiency.
• 😀 Process-type manufacturing is used for products needing a specific sequence of operations, like petroleum.
• 😀 The choice of manufacturing process depends on factors like effective volume, variety, plant capacity, lead time, and flexibility.
• 😀 Low volume and high variety products are best suited for intermittent processes, while high volume and low variety favor continuous processes.
• 😀 Small-scale enterprises often opt for batch processes due to lower production volume and investment costs.
• 😀 Capacity and predicted sales volume influence whether batch or line processes are more cost-effective for production.

Q & A

What are the four main types of manufacturing processes discussed in the script?

The four main types of manufacturing processes are: 1) Jobbing manufacturing process, 2) Batch manufacturing process, 3) Mass or flow manufacturing process, and 4) Process type manufacturing process.

What characterizes a jobbing manufacturing process?

A jobbing manufacturing process is used to produce one or a few units of products based on specific customer requirements and specifications. The production is scheduled to meet delivery timelines, and costs are fixed prior to the contract.

How does a batch manufacturing process work?

In a batch manufacturing process, limited quantities of different types of products are produced in separate batches. These batches are manufactured on the same set of machines, with each batch produced one after the other.

What is the advantage of a mass or flow manufacturing process?

The mass or flow manufacturing process is advantageous for producing large quantities of the same product at a time. It ensures high production rates, with machines and equipment arranged in a sequence of operations, known as line arrangement or line flow.

What is the process type manufacturing used for?

Process type manufacturing is used for products that require a specific and definite sequence of operations, such as in the production of petroleum, where the production run is conducted for an indefinite period.

What is the significance of volume and variety when selecting a manufacturing process?

Volume and variety are major considerations in selecting a manufacturing process. When volume is low and variety is high, intermittent processes are most suitable. As volume increases and variety decreases, continuous processes become more suitable.

How does plant capacity influence the choice between batch and line processes?

Plant capacity influences the choice by predicting the sales volume. For low volume production, a batch process is cheaper to install and maintain. As volume increases, a line process becomes more economical due to higher fixed costs in line processes compared to batch processes.

What role does lead time play in selecting a manufacturing process?

Lead time affects the choice of manufacturing process. Continuous processes typically result in faster deliveries compared to batch processes. Therefore, lead time and competitive pressures are important factors to consider when selecting a production method.

Why is flexibility important in a manufacturing process?

Flexibility is crucial because the manufacturing process needs to adapt to changes in production volumes or design. Efficiency is also important, as larger production volumes can help lower costs, making it essential to balance flexibility and efficiency.

Why do small-scale enterprises typically choose batch manufacturing processes?

Small-scale enterprises often choose batch manufacturing processes because they have lower production volumes and require less investment. Batch processes are more suitable for such businesses due to their ability to manage smaller quantities of varied products at lower costs.