Belajar PLC | 5 Tipe Bahasa Pemrograman PLC

Summary

This video introduces the basics of programming languages for PLCs, focusing on the five languages defined by the IEC 61131-3 standard. It covers two main categories: textual (Instruction List and Structured Text) and graphical (Ladder Diagram, Function Block Diagram, and Sequential Function Chart). The video explains each language's strengths and weaknesses, helping users understand their applications in automation systems. Choosing the right language depends on the system's complexity and the programmer's expertise. The video is a valuable resource for understanding the foundational aspects of PLC programming and selecting the most appropriate language for specific tasks.

Takeaways

• 😀 PLC programming uses five key languages defined by the IEC 61131-3 standard.
• 😀 These programming languages are divided into two groups: textual languages and graphical languages.
• 😀 Textual languages in PLC include Instruction List (IL) and Structured Text (ST).
• 😀 Graphical languages in PLC include Ladder Diagram (LD), Function Block Diagram (FBD), and Sequential Function Chart (SFC).
• 😀 Ladder Diagram (LD) is the most popular and resembles electrical circuits, making it easy to understand for electrical engineers.
• 😀 Function Block Diagram (FBD) is used for systems that require motion control or repeated tasks, and can simplify code reusability.
• 😀 Structured Text (ST) is used for complex mathematical and logical operations, similar to high-level programming languages like Pascal or C.
• 😀 Instruction List (IL) offers faster program execution and is suitable for systems that require quick execution, but it lacks a visual interface.
• 😀 Sequential Function Chart (SFC) is helpful for systems with complex workflows and is based on flowchart logic, offering clear structure for program steps.
• 😀 The choice of programming language in PLC systems depends on the complexity of the system and the programmer's expertise, with each language offering distinct advantages and limitations.

Q & A

What is the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61131-3 standard?

IEC 61131-3 is an international standard for the development of control systems using PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers). It defines five programming languages categorized into two groups: textual and graphical languages.

What are the two main categories of programming languages used in PLCs according to IEC 61131-3?

The two main categories are 'textual languages' (such as Instruction List and Structured Text) and 'graphical languages' (such as Ladder Diagram, Sequential Function Chart, and Function Block Diagram).

What is Ladder Diagram (LD) and why is it popular?

Ladder Diagram is a graphical programming language that visually resembles electrical wiring or relay logic. It is popular because it is easy to understand for operators and technicians with backgrounds in electrical or mechanical engineering, and it is highly suitable for debugging and editing in real-time.

What are the limitations of using Ladder Diagram in PLC programming?

Ladder Diagram can be limiting in its ability to represent complex instructions and advanced systems like motion control due to its reliance on predefined instructions.

What is Function Block Diagram (FBD) and when should it be used?

Function Block Diagram is a graphical language that uses blocks to represent devices and control logic. It is ideal for systems that require repeated control tasks and motion control, allowing for efficient reuse of code and simplifying the development process.

What is a potential drawback of using Function Block Diagram?

A drawback of Function Block Diagram is that complex systems with many function blocks can become large and consume more memory. Additionally, the flexibility of block placement can make the code less structured and harder to understand for others.

What is Structured Text (ST) and in what kind of systems is it most useful?

Structured Text is a high-level programming language similar to Pascal or C. It is useful for applications requiring complex mathematical calculations or logic, but it may be challenging to edit and debug in real-time due to its complex syntax.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Structured Text?

The advantage of Structured Text is that it supports advanced programming logic, such as loops and conditionals. However, it can be prone to errors, such as typos or missing punctuation, and requires specialized knowledge to use effectively.

What is Instruction List (IL) and what makes it efficient?

Instruction List is a low-level programming language that uses simple and efficient instructions, often similar to assembly language. It offers faster execution times and is best suited for applications requiring high-speed processing, but it lacks the visual aids available in other programming languages.

What is Sequential Function Chart (SFC) and when should it be used?

Sequential Function Chart is a graphical language that uses steps and transitions to represent control processes. It is ideal for complex systems where processes need to be organized sequentially, making it easier to manage and understand complex workflows.

What factors should be considered when choosing a programming language for a PLC system?

Factors to consider include the complexity of the system, the type of tasks to be automated, the hardware being used, the expertise of the programmer, and the specific requirements of the industrial application, such as whether advanced mathematical logic or motion control is needed.