PENYUSUTAN METODE GARIS LURUS

Summary

In this educational video, Ibu Sumiati explains the concept of asset depreciation using the straight-line method. She covers the four key factors influencing depreciation: acquisition cost, residual value, economic life, and depreciation method. Through a detailed example, she demonstrates how to calculate annual depreciation and create journal entries. The video also includes helpful notes on handling partial months and how to account for asset operation start dates. The focus is on providing clear, practical understanding of depreciation principles and their real-world application in accounting.

Takeaways

• 😀 Depreciation is the process of allocating the acquisition cost of an asset as an expense over its useful life.
• 😀 There are four key factors that determine the amount of depreciation: acquisition cost, residual value, economic life, and depreciation method.
• 😀 Acquisition cost includes not only the purchase price but also any additional costs necessary to prepare the asset for use.
• 😀 Residual value is the estimated value of an asset at the end of its useful life, and it’s not always zero.
• 😀 Economic life refers to the period during which an asset is expected to be economically useful, starting from when it is first used.
• 😀 The straight-line method of depreciation results in an equal depreciation expense every year, calculated using a specific formula.
• 😀 The formula for the straight-line depreciation method is: Depreciation Expense = (Acquisition Cost - Residual Value) / Useful Life.
• 😀 For partial years, the depreciation expense is calculated proportionally based on the number of months the asset was in use.
• 😀 Journal entries for depreciation include debiting the Depreciation Expense account and crediting the Accumulated Depreciation account.
• 😀 In cases where the asset’s useful life or value decreases due to specific conditions, the depreciation expense should reflect those changes.
• 😀 If the asset is put into operation mid-month, the depreciation calculation only includes the months where the asset was operational. If the operational period is less than 15 days, that month is excluded.

Q & A

What is depreciation in the context of accounting?

Depreciation is the process of allocating the acquisition cost of a fixed asset as an expense over its useful life.

What are the four factors that determine the amount of depreciation?

The four factors are: 1) Acquisition cost, 2) Residual value, 3) Useful life, and 4) The depreciation method applied.

What is meant by 'acquisition cost' in the depreciation calculation?

Acquisition cost refers to all expenses related to acquiring and setting up the fixed asset until it is ready to be used.

What is residual value in depreciation?

Residual value is the estimated value of an asset after it has completed its useful life and is no longer in use.

How is 'useful life' defined in the context of depreciation?

Useful life refers to the period over which an asset is expected to be used for its intended purpose, from when it is first operational until it is no longer economically beneficial.

What is the straight-line depreciation method?

The straight-line depreciation method allocates an equal amount of depreciation expense every year throughout the asset's useful life.

How is depreciation calculated using the straight-line method?

Depreciation is calculated using the formula: (Acquisition cost - Residual value) / Useful life.

What example is used to demonstrate the straight-line depreciation method in the video?

The example used involves a vehicle purchased for 180 million IDR, with a 5-year useful life and a residual value of 40 million IDR.

How is depreciation adjusted for a partial year, like in 2018 where the vehicle was used for 3 months?

For partial years, depreciation is calculated based on the number of months the asset was in use, with 3 months representing 3/12 of a year.

What does the depreciation table track and how is it structured?

The depreciation table tracks the period, depreciation expense for the year, accumulated depreciation, and the asset's book value. It is updated yearly based on depreciation calculations.