Kenapa Banyak Lulusan Kampus Menganggur?

Summary

The video discusses the ongoing issue of high unemployment rates among recent university graduates, highlighting the problem of 'link-and-match' between educational institutions and industry needs. Despite efforts by the government and past presidents, including President Jokowi's push for better alignment between education and industry, the unemployment rate remains high, with millions of graduates unable to find work. The video explores the challenges in university-industry collaboration, including differing goals, secrecy in research, and mismatched time frames. It suggests that stronger legal enforcement, such as requiring mandatory internships and clearer pathways for graduates, could offer a solution to this problem.

Takeaways

• 😀 Many graduates, even those who graduated years ago, still struggle to find jobs in Indonesia, highlighting the widespread nature of the unemployment issue.
• 😀 In February 2023, Indonesia's Minister of Manpower, Ida Fauziyah, revealed that 12% of graduates were unemployed, showing a significant gap in the job market.
• 😀 The concept of 'link-and-match' refers to the alignment between education outcomes and industry needs, which remains a key issue in addressing unemployment.
• 😀 President Jokowi has acknowledged the need for link-and-match since 2019, and appointed Nadiem Makarim as Minister of Education to tackle this problem.
• 😀 Despite efforts, link-and-match remains an unresolved issue due to persistent gaps between educational institutions and industry requirements.
• 😀 Data from the 2022 Sakernas survey showed that 8.4 million people were unemployed, with a significant portion being graduates, reflecting the gap in job availability for fresh alumni.
• 😀 The number of university graduates in 2022 (1.85 million) far exceeded the number of job openings (59,276), exacerbating the unemployment problem.
• 😀 The historical roots of the link-and-match issue go back to the New Order era, showing that this problem has long been a challenge for Indonesia's job market.
• 😀 Key barriers to collaboration between universities and industries include differing goals, confidentiality concerns in research, and a mismatch in time frames for research and development.
• 😀 The government could use legal tools, such as a Perppu (government regulation in lieu of law), to enforce link-and-match policies, compelling industries to offer internships and hire graduates from those internships.

Q & A

What is the link-and-match concept mentioned in the script?

Link-and-match refers to the alignment between graduates' skills and the needs of the industry. It aims to bridge the gap between educational institutions and job markets.

What is the main issue with link-and-match that continues to persist, according to the script?

The main issue is that universities and industries have difficulty collaborating effectively, mainly due to differences in goals, such as profit for industries and idealism for universities.

What did President Jokowi emphasize in May 2019 regarding link-and-match?

President Jokowi emphasized the importance of link-and-match between the education sector and industries as a solution to the employment problem.

What did the 2022 Sakernas survey reveal about unemployment in Indonesia?

The survey showed that in August 2022, there were 8.4 million unemployed people, with almost one million of them being graduates of higher education.

How does the number of graduates compare to available job openings, according to the script?

In 2022, 1.85 million students graduated, but only 59,276 job openings were available, a sharp drop from 507,799 in the previous year.

Why does the script describe link-and-match as a longstanding issue?

Link-and-match has been an ongoing issue since the era of President Soeharto, as earlier attempts at resolving it have not been fully successful.

What are some of the key challenges in university-industry collaborations, as identified by researchers?

The challenges include differences in goals (profit vs. learning), the secrecy of commercial research vs. academic openness, and contrasting timelines (short-term vs. long-term objectives).

What solution does the script suggest for improving link-and-match and reducing unemployment?

The script suggests that the government could issue a Perppu (government regulation in lieu of law) to mandate industries to provide internship programs and guarantee employment for graduates who perform well in internships.

How does the script suggest monitoring and enforcing compliance between universities and industries?

The script suggests that strict monitoring and legal agreements, including penalties for non-compliance, should be implemented to ensure that both universities and industries follow through on agreed actions.

Why does the script argue that the issue of unemployment and link-and-match requires urgent action?

The script stresses that unemployment, especially among university graduates, is a critical issue that requires immediate and effective action from the government, as it affects the nation's workforce and economic stability.