Khobar Muqoddam & Mubtada' Muakhkhor - BAHASA ARAB KELAS 7 MTS/SMP (BAB 5 : SESI 2)

Summary

This educational video explains key concepts in Arabic grammar, focusing on the structure of sentences involving **mubtada** (subject) and **khobar** (predicate). It explores how the positions of these components can shift, creating new sentence structures such as **al-khobar al-muqaddam** (fronted predicate) and **al-mubtada al-mu'akhkhir** (postponed subject). Through clear examples and comparisons, the lesson emphasizes how altering word order impacts meaning and grammar, particularly the use of definite articles. The video encourages students to practice these grammatical structures for better understanding.

Takeaways

• 😀 The lesson introduces Arabic grammar focusing on 'al-khobar al-muqaddam' and 'al-mumtazah'.
• 😀 'Mubtada' (subject) refers to the noun at the start of the sentence and is always followed by 'khobar' (predicate).
• 😀 The 'mubtada' is typically a noun and serves as the subject of the sentence.
• 😀 'Khobar' is the predicate that follows the 'mubtada' and provides additional information. It can be a singular noun, a sentence, or a part of a sentence.
• 😀 Examples of 'mubtada' in the lesson include words like 'alhadiqotu' (garden), 'Alwi sadatu' (Alwi’s happiness), and 'asyyaarotu' (car).
• 😀 A 'khobar' provides more information about the 'mubtada' and can be a simple noun or a phrase.
• 😀 The lesson demonstrates the concept of moving the 'mubtada' to the end of the sentence to form different meanings, as seen in various examples.
• 😀 When the 'mubtada' is placed at the end, it is called 'mubtada mu'akhar' (delayed subject), and the 'khobar' becomes 'khobar muqaddam' (fronted predicate).
• 😀 The meaning of the sentence changes when the 'mubtada' and 'khobar' are reversed. For example, 'alhadiqotu warooh al-baiti' means 'The garden is behind the house', but 'waroh al-baiti hadiqotun' means 'Behind the house is a garden'.
• 😀 'Mubtada' generally requires the article 'al-' (definite article), but when it is moved to the end as 'mubtada mu'akhar', the 'al-' is dropped, and it often becomes indefinite.
• 😀 The lesson emphasizes practice and exercises to deepen understanding of the concept of 'mubtada' and 'khobar', particularly in the context of sentence structures.

Q & A

What is the main topic of this Arabic grammar lesson?

The main topic of this lesson is 'mubtada' (subject) and 'khobar' (predicate), focusing on their positions in sentences and the variations when their order changes, such as 'mubtada muakhar' and 'khobar muqaddam'.

What does 'mubtada' mean in Arabic grammar?

'Mubtada' is the subject in an Arabic sentence, typically a noun or noun phrase placed at the beginning of the sentence.

What does 'khobar' refer to in an Arabic sentence?

'Khobar' is the predicate in an Arabic sentence, which provides additional information or a description about the subject.

How does the word order change when the 'mubtada' is moved to the end of the sentence?

When the 'mubtada' is moved to the end of the sentence, the 'khobar' is moved to the beginning, which changes the meaning of the sentence slightly.

Can you give an example of a sentence where 'mubtada' is at the beginning?

Yes, an example is 'Alhadiqotu waroh al-baiti', meaning 'The garden is behind the house.' Here, 'alhadiqotu' is the 'mubtada'.

What happens when 'mubtada' is moved to the end of the sentence?

When 'mubtada' is moved to the end, the sentence changes in structure and meaning. For example, 'Waroh al-baiti hadiqotun' translates to 'Behind the house is a garden'.

What is the difference between 'mubtada' and 'mubtada muakhar'?

'Mubtada' is the subject placed at the beginning of a sentence, while 'mubtada muakhar' refers to a subject that is moved to the end of the sentence.

What is 'khobar muqaddam'?

'Khobar muqaddam' refers to the predicate that is moved to the beginning of the sentence, before the subject ('mubtada').

What is the role of 'Alif lam' in the 'mubtada' form?

'Alif lam' is used at the beginning of 'mubtada' (the subject) to indicate it is a definite noun. However, when the subject is moved to the end ('mubtada muakhar'), the 'Alif lam' is dropped.

Why do some words not require 'Alif lam' in 'mubtada'?

Words like names of people (e.g., 'Muhammad') or places (e.g., 'Jakarta'), and some pronouns (e.g., 'Ana') do not require 'Alif lam' even when they serve as 'mubtada'.