TERMINOLOGI UTAMA PENDIDIKAN DALAM BERBAGAI BAHASA

Summary

The presentation, delivered by Fatim Azzahra, explores key terminology in education across different languages, focusing on concepts such as 'pendidikan' (Indonesian), 'education' (English), 'tarbiah' (Arabic), and 'pedagogy' (Greek). It highlights various educational philosophies, including the development of both physical and spiritual aspects of a child, as well as the principles and characteristics of pedagogical practices. The presentation also addresses challenges in child and adult education, as well as learning problems and the implementation of educational systems, drawing on national laws and practices to improve quality and accessibility in education.

Takeaways

• 😀 Education in Indonesia is closely tied to regulations and the concept of God's will, with an emphasis on guiding children to adulthood.
• 😀 The term 'education' in English, derived from 'care,' focuses on nurturing human qualities and developing a sense of responsibility.
• 😀 'Tarbiah' in Arabic refers to education that focuses on human growth in accordance with divine teachings, particularly in developing moral and spiritual aspects.
• 😀 Pedagogy, derived from Greek, emphasizes teaching and guiding children, with a strong focus on creating effective educational practices.
• 😀 Lifelong learning, or 'long education,' involves continuous education throughout life, impacting all stages of human growth.
• 😀 There is a distinction between education and learning—education includes ethical norms, while learning can be neutral, not always aiming for moral outcomes.
• 😀 Principles of pedagogical methods include aligning with scientific findings, connecting education to real-life, respecting individuality, and ensuring an emotional and cognitive balance in learning.
• 😀 Pedagogical characteristics should be adaptable to the moral, social, emotional, and intellectual needs of students, with a focus on curriculum development and teaching methods.
• 😀 Challenges in children's education include poverty, low quality of early childhood education, and inadequate parental intervention in many regions, especially rural areas.
• 😀 Adult education faces issues like memory decline with age, social background influencing motivation, and family dynamics that can impact the learning process.
• 😀 Learning problems include lack of interest, mismatched teaching methods, discipline issues, time limitations, and inappropriate difficulty levels in the curriculum.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the script?

The script primarily focuses on the terminologies and concepts related to education in various languages, such as 'pendidikan' in Indonesian, 'education' in English, and 'tarbiah' in Arabic, highlighting their meanings and differences. It also covers principles and characteristics of pedagogy and discusses issues related to education, particularly in the context of children, adults, and learning processes.

What does the term 'pendidikan' mean in Bahasa Indonesia?

In Bahasa Indonesia, the term 'pendidikan' comes from the Malay language, derived from 'didik' and 'atur.' It refers to the process of organizing, maintaining, and caring for individuals, which is closely linked to divine regulation in the Indonesian context.

What is the difference between the term 'pendidikan' in Indonesian and 'didik' in Minangkabau?

'Didik' in Minangkabau means 'forgetful,' which is quite different from its meaning in Bahasa Indonesia, where it refers to the act of teaching, nurturing, and maintaining individuals, aligned with divine laws.

According to Jean Piaget, what is the essence of education?

Jean Piaget suggests that education is not just about preparing children to become adults but involves creating an environment that influences individual growth through experiences across all aspects of life.

What does 'tarbiah' refer to in Arabic and its religious context?

'Tarbiah' in Arabic, mentioned in the Quran, refers to the process of nurturing and guiding all living beings, particularly focusing on human beings. It carries a strong religious element, emphasizing the relationship between humans, nature, and God.

What is the main difference between 'education' in English and 'tarbiah' in Arabic?

The main difference is that 'education' in English focuses solely on human development, while 'tarbiah' in Arabic encompasses a broader perspective, including the nurturing of all God's creatures and the individual’s relationship with God, society, and the environment.

What are the two types of 'tarbiah' according to Mustafa Almaraghi?

Mustafa Almaraghi categorizes 'tarbiah' into two types: 'tarbiah kalkah,' which focuses on physical development, and 'tarbiah diniyah,' which is concerned with moral, ethical, and religious education for the preservation of life and relationships with nature and God.

What is the role of 'pedagogy' in education?

Pedagogy, derived from Greek, focuses on the methods and practices of teaching children. It encompasses both the theoretical understanding of education and the practical approaches to nurturing and guiding students in educational settings.

How does 'pedagogy' relate to 'education' and 'teaching'?

'Pedagogy' is often used interchangeably with 'education' but focuses more on the methods and practices of teaching. It is the science and art of guiding students, ensuring that teaching methods align with educational objectives and individual student needs.

What are some of the challenges discussed in relation to children's education?

The script highlights several challenges in children's education, including poor economic conditions, low-quality caregiving, inadequate access to early childhood education (PAUD), and insufficient parental involvement. These challenges lead to missed educational opportunities for children, especially those from low-income families.