Bagaimana KUBA bisa bertahan dari Embargo dan kepungan Negara Liberal?

Summary

Cuba, the largest country in the Caribbean, has a rich history marked by colonial conquest, revolutions, and a transition to a socialist government. Despite facing a long-standing U.S. embargo, Cuba has excelled in areas like healthcare and education, boasting the highest doctor-to-population ratio in the world. The country also has a vibrant culture shaped by a mix of ethnicities, with significant influences from African and European roots. Cuba's economy relies on state-run industries and exports like sugar, tobacco, and nickel. With notable achievements in medicine and environmental conservation, Cuba remains a unique and resilient nation in the Caribbean.

Takeaways

• 😀 Cuba has the longest trade embargo in modern history, imposed by the United States, leading to slower technological development but also fostering resilience.
• 😀 Cuba ranks highly in health care and education in the Caribbean despite its limited resources and external isolation.
• 😀 Cuba consists of two main islands: Cuba and Isla de la Juventud, and is geographically located between the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic Ocean.
• 😀 Cuba's population in 2020 was approximately 11.18 million, with the majority being of white ethnicity (64%), followed by mulato (26%).
• 😀 Christianity is the dominant religion, but Cuba also experiences significant religious syncretism, blending beliefs like Santería and African religions.
• 😀 Cuba follows a Marxist-Leninist ideology and has maintained a socialist political system since 1959, with the Communist Party playing a central role in governance.
• 😀 Fidel Castro, a revolutionary leader, established Cuba's communist government after overthrowing the Batista regime in 1959, maintaining a long reign as president.
• 😀 Cuba's economy is a mixed command economy, dominated by state-run companies, and it is heavily dependent on tourism, skilled labor exports, and natural resources like sugar, tobacco, and nickel.
• 😀 Despite limited access to international markets due to the embargo, Cuba has made significant contributions to global health, developing vaccines and eradicating diseases like HIV transmission.
• 😀 Cuba is home to diverse ecosystems, unique wildlife like the bee hummingbird, and a rich cultural history, with its capital, Havana, being a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Q & A

What is the main impact of the U.S. embargo on Cuba?

The U.S. embargo has isolated Cuba economically and technologically, slowing its development compared to other nations. However, Cuba has maximized its potential in sectors like healthcare and education despite these limitations.

What are the two main islands that make up Cuba?

Cuba consists of two main islands: the Island of Cuba, which is the largest, and Isla de la Juventud, the second-largest island.

How does Cuba's land area compare to Indonesia's East Kalimantan province?

Cuba's land area is 109,884 square kilometers, which is slightly smaller than East Kalimantan in Indonesia, which spans 129,066 square kilometers.

What is the population breakdown of Cuba in terms of ethnicity?

The majority ethnic group in Cuba is White, making up 64% of the population, followed by mulatto or mixed ethnic groups at 26%, with the rest consisting of blacks and Asians.

What role does the Communist Party play in Cuba's political system?

Cuba's political system is based on Marxist-Leninist ideology, where the Cuban Communist Party is the central force of society and the state, setting national policies. The First Secretary of the Communist Party typically also serves as the president.

How did Cuba's independence from Spain shape its future relations with the U.S.?

After gaining independence from Spain in 1902, Cuba became a protectorate of the United States, with America retaining the right to intervene in Cuban affairs and control its finances and foreign relations.

What factors led to the Cuban Revolution in 1959?

The Cuban Revolution was triggered by widespread dissatisfaction with political corruption, oppression, and despotic leadership, particularly under dictator Fulgencio Batista. Fidel Castro led the revolution, overthrowing Batista and establishing a socialist government.

What are the major export commodities of Cuba?

Cuba's major export commodities include sugar, tobacco, and nickel. Sugar has been a key economic driver since the 18th century, while Cuban cigars are renowned worldwide.

How does Cuba's healthcare system compare globally?

Cuba has one of the best healthcare systems in the world, with free healthcare services. It ranks highly in terms of doctor-to-population ratio and has developed significant public health innovations, including a lung cancer vaccine.

What is the significance of Old Havana (Habana Vieja)?

Old Havana is a UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its well-preserved 16th-century architecture and historic fortifications. It was the first Cuban site designated as a UNESCO site.