🟣 FUNÇÕES da LINGUAGEM – Referencial, Emotiva, Poética, Fática, Conativa e Metalinguística

Summary

In this video, Professor Letícia Góes from the 'Português com Letícia' channel introduces the topic of language functions, a critical subject for exams like ENEM and public competitions. She explains six types of language functions: Referential, Emotive, Poetic, Fatic, Connotative, and Metalinguistic. Each function's unique purpose is discussed with examples from various texts, including scientific articles, poetry, music, and advertisements. Letícia emphasizes the importance of understanding how each function influences communication, aiming to equip viewers with the knowledge to identify and apply them in real-world contexts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Functions of language are different communication resources related to the sender's intention in a given context.
• 😀 There are six main functions of language: referential, emotive, poetic, fatic, connotative (also called apelativa), and metalinguistic.
• 😀 The referential function is used to provide clear, objective, and factual information, often found in educational, journalistic, and scientific texts.
• 😀 The emotive function is subjective and centered on the sender, aiming to express emotions or personal experiences, often found in poetry and letters.
• 😀 The poetic function focuses on the message itself, using elaborate language and literary devices, common in poetry and song lyrics.
• 😀 The fatic function is used to maintain or establish communication, often seen in greetings, phone calls, or everyday interactions.
• 😀 The connotative (apelativa) function aims to persuade or influence the receiver, often found in advertising, manuals, and persuasive texts.
• 😀 The metalinguistic function uses language to talk about language itself, such as in dictionaries, grammar textbooks, or a movie about filmmaking.
• 😀 It's important to understand that multiple language functions can coexist within a single text, with one function typically predominating.
• 😀 The study of language functions is crucial for understanding communication, especially for exams like ENEM, vestibular, and public service entrance exams.

Q & A

What are language functions, and why are they important?

Language functions refer to different communication strategies that are related to the intention of the speaker or writer. They help us understand the purpose behind the use of language and are crucial for effective communication. They are especially important in exams like ENEM, competitive exams, and daily communication.

What is the referential function of language?

The referential function, also known as the denotative function, is used to convey information in a clear, direct, and objective manner without using metaphors or figures of speech. Its primary goal is to inform, and it is commonly found in textbooks, scientific texts, and news articles.

How does the emotive function of language differ from the referential function?

The emotive function is subjective and focuses on expressing the feelings, emotions, and personal perspectives of the speaker or writer. It is commonly found in poetry, diaries, and personal letters, whereas the referential function is focused purely on providing clear, factual information.

What is the focus of the poetic function of language?

The poetic function focuses on the message itself and how the language is crafted. It often uses elaborate and artistic language, including figures of speech, and is commonly found in literature, poetry, and song lyrics.

How does the fatic function of language manifest in everyday communication?

The fatic function focuses on maintaining or establishing communication between the sender and the receiver. It is often used in greetings, casual conversations, and telephone interactions, where the main aim is not to convey information but to keep the communication channel open.

What role does the connotative (or apelative) function play in language?

The connotative or apelative function aims to persuade or influence the receiver. It is frequently used in advertising, self-help books, and persuasive texts, where the goal is to convince the audience to take action or believe something.

Can you explain what the metalinguistic function of language is?

The metalinguistic function uses language to discuss or describe language itself. It appears when the language is used to explain its own meaning or structure, such as in dictionaries, grammar books, or when someone explains the process of creating a text or film.

What is an example of the metalinguistic function from literature?

An example of the metalinguistic function is found in the book 'Dom Casmurro' by Machado de Assis, where the narrator reflects on the act of writing the book itself, thus discussing the creation of the text within the text.

Are these language functions mutually exclusive, or can they overlap?

Language functions can overlap in a single text. For example, a text may use the referential function to provide information while also employing the emotive function to express the writer's feelings or the poetic function to craft a more artistic expression.

How can recognizing these language functions help in exams like ENEM or competitive exams?

Recognizing the different language functions helps in identifying the intention behind a text, which is critical for understanding the message and answering comprehension questions. This skill is especially useful in exams like ENEM and competitive exams, where analyzing texts and their functions is often required.