Pengaruh Penambahan Tekanan dan Volume terhadap Pergeseran Kesetimbangan

Summary

In this experiment, the effect of pressure on the equilibrium of a chemical reaction between nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and dinitrogen tetroxide (N₂O₄) is observed. Using a syringe to manipulate pressure, the experiment shows that increasing pressure shifts the equilibrium towards fewer molecules (N₂O₄), causing the color to fade, while decreasing pressure leads to a darker solution as the equilibrium shifts towards more NO₂. This illustrates how pressure changes can alter molecular behavior and equilibrium in gas-phase reactions. The experiment also emphasizes the importance of handling reagents like sulfuric acid with care due to their irritant properties.

Takeaways

• 😀 The experiment investigates the effect of pressure on the equilibrium of a reaction involving NO2 gas and its color change.
• 😀 The experiment uses a 1 M solution of FeSO4 dissolved in water and mixed with sulfuric acid to create a reagent.
• 😀 A syringe is used to manipulate pressure inside the system while monitoring the reaction and gas formation.
• 😀 When oxygen is introduced into the system, NO2 gas is produced, and the color changes are observed.
• 😀 Changes in pressure cause the color of the NO2 gas to vary, demonstrating a shift in equilibrium.
• 😀 Increasing pressure makes the color darker, as the molecules become more concentrated in a smaller space.
• 😀 Reducing pressure causes the color to lighten, as the molecules spread further apart.
• 😀 The experiment illustrates Le Chatelier's Principle, showing how pressure changes shift equilibrium towards fewer or more molecules.
• 😀 When pressure is increased, the system shifts toward the formation of fewer molecules (N2O4).
• 😀 When pressure is decreased, the system shifts toward the formation of more molecules (NO2).
• 😀 The experiment emphasizes the qualitative nature of the experiment, with no precise measurements taken for mass or concentration.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the experiment described in the transcript?

The experiment is aimed at observing the effect of pressure on the shift in equilibrium of a reaction involving FeSO4 and H2SO4, as well as examining how pressure influences the concentration and color change of NO2 gas.

What materials are used in the experiment?

The materials used include FeSO4 (iron(II) sulfate), concentrated H2SO4 (sulfuric acid), and a syringe for handling the reagents and observing the reactions.

Why is sulfuric acid used in the experiment?

Sulfuric acid is used to acidify FeSO4, which is a key step in creating the necessary chemical conditions for the reaction and the formation of NO2 gas.

What is the significance of the color change observed during the experiment?

The color change indicates a shift in the equilibrium between NO2 and N2O4. A darker color shows a higher concentration of NO2, while a lighter color suggests the formation of N2O4. This is due to the effects of pressure on the gas molecules.

How does pressure affect the equilibrium in this experiment?

Increasing pressure causes the equilibrium to shift toward fewer molecules (N2O4), leading to a darker color. Reducing pressure shifts the equilibrium toward more NO2 molecules, causing the color to become lighter.

What role does the syringe play in the experiment?

The syringe is used to control the pressure and volume of the reaction environment, allowing the experimenter to observe how changes in pressure affect the equilibrium and color of the NO2 gas.

Why is the reaction conducted in a syringe instead of an open container?

The syringe allows for precise control over pressure and volume, essential for observing the effects of pressure on the equilibrium and the gas phase behavior in a confined space.

What is the function of the water basin mentioned in the experiment?

The water basin is used to collect the gas produced during the reaction, ensuring that only the gas is transferred to another syringe for observation without contamination from liquids.

What safety precautions are mentioned in the experiment?

The experimenter is cautioned to handle sulfuric acid carefully because it can irritate the skin, and they are also advised to be cautious when handling the syringe to prevent leaks or accidents.

What does the gradual fading of the color indicate during the experiment?

The gradual fading of the color indicates that the equilibrium is shifting toward the formation of N2O4, as the pressure decreases and the distance between NO2 molecules increases.