MONITORING EFEK SAMPING OBAT - Jurusan Farmasi UII

Summary

This video explains the process of prescription review and medication dispensing in a hospital setting, emphasizing the roles of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. It outlines the steps of prescription evaluation, including administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical checks to ensure the right medication is provided to the patient. The video also covers the monitoring of drug side effects, using case studies and the Naranjo algorithm to assess potential drug reactions. The process involves collaboration between pharmacists, doctors, and nurses to ensure patient safety and effective treatment.

Takeaways

• 😀 The process of prescription assessment and dispensing in hospitals includes several steps: receiving and evaluating the prescription, checking product availability, preparing pharmaceutical preparations, and delivering medication with patient information.
• 😀 The primary goal of prescription assessment and dispensing is to identify and resolve potential medication-related issues before preparing the medication, ensuring patients receive the right, quality medicine.
• 😀 Prescription assessments are carried out by pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, with technicians having limited authority regarding administrative and pharmaceutical aspects.
• 😀 Prescription verification includes checking the completeness of administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical details. Administrative checks include patient identity, allergies, room/unit, and health insurance information.
• 😀 Pharmaceutical checks ensure the correct drug, dosage form, strength, quantity, administration instructions, and potential drug incompatibilities are confirmed. For example, some drugs like cefadroxil cannot be mixed with others.
• 😀 Clinical assessment checks for drug indications, dosages, timing, duplications, allergies, unwanted reactions, and drug interactions. If issues are found, they should be communicated to the prescribing doctor for resolution.
• 😀 When preparing the medication, pharmacists must ensure correct drug selection, check expiration dates, and confirm the physical condition of the drug, especially for high-alert medications.
• 😀 Patient education is crucial when handing over medications, including instructions on usage, possible side effects, and proper storage. Double-checking the five 'rights' (right medication, right patient, right dosage, right route, and right time) is essential.
• 😀 Monitoring of adverse drug reactions (ADR) involves identifying and documenting side effects, determining their cause, and providing recommendations for treatment. A systematic approach, such as the Naranjo algorithm, is used for causality analysis.
• 😀 In a case study of a patient experiencing a skin rash after taking diclofenac, the Naranjo algorithm was used to assess the likelihood that the drug caused the side effect. The final score indicated a probable ADR, and a recommendation was made to discontinue the medication temporarily.
• 😀 Regular ADR monitoring in hospitals helps to identify early signs of adverse reactions, minimize risks, and prevent future occurrences, ultimately improving patient safety and treatment outcomes.

Q & A

What are the main steps involved in the prescription review and medication dispensing process in a hospital?

The main steps involved in the prescription review and medication dispensing process include receiving the prescription, reviewing its completeness (administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical), ensuring the availability of required medications, preparing the pharmaceutical products, labeling with proper instructions, and delivering the medications to the patient or nursing staff, along with relevant medication information.

What is the goal of prescription review and medication dispensing?

The goal of prescription review and medication dispensing is to identify and resolve any medication-related issues before the medication is prepared, ensuring that patients receive the correct and high-quality medications.

Who is responsible for the prescription review and medication dispensing process in a hospital setting?

In a hospital setting, the prescription review and medication dispensing process is carried out by pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. Pharmacy technicians have limited authority, primarily handling administrative and pharmaceutical tasks, while pharmacists are responsible for clinical assessments.

What should be checked during the administrative review of a prescription?

During the administrative review, the prescription's completeness is checked, including the patient's identity (name, medical record number, age, gender, etc.), information related to the prescription (such as the prescribing doctor’s details, date of the prescription, allergies, and insurance information).

How is pharmaceutical completeness assessed in prescription review?

Pharmaceutical completeness involves verifying the medication's name, dosage form, strength, quantity, administration instructions, stability, and potential incompatibilities with other medications. If a prescription involves compounded medications, further checks are made to ensure no issues with physical, chemical, or therapeutic compatibility.

What is the importance of clinical appropriateness in prescription review?

Clinical appropriateness ensures that the prescribed medication is suitable for the patient’s condition. This includes checking for correct indications, dosing, potential drug interactions, allergies, duplicate therapy, and adverse reactions. If any issues arise, the pharmacist communicates with the prescribing doctor to resolve them.

What is the role of the Naranjo Algorithm in monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADRs)?

The Naranjo Algorithm is used to assess the causality of an adverse drug reaction (ADR). It involves a series of questions about the drug's history, timing, and other factors to help determine if the drug is likely the cause of the ADR. The results lead to a score that categorizes the likelihood of the drug causing the ADR (e.g., probable, possible).

What steps are involved in monitoring adverse drug reactions in a hospital?

Monitoring ADRs involves identifying potential adverse reactions, documenting patient complaints, analyzing the cause using tools like the Naranjo Algorithm, and making recommendations for changes in treatment. Collaboration with the medical team, including physicians and nurses, is essential to ensure effective management of ADRs.

What is the process for communicating findings related to ADRs to the prescribing doctor?

When ADRs are identified, the pharmacist communicates the findings to the prescribing doctor, presenting the analysis (e.g., using the Naranjo Algorithm results) and providing recommendations for medication adjustments, such as discontinuing the suspected drug and considering alternatives.

What information should be included on the medication label when dispensing to a patient?

The medication label should include the patient's name and date of birth, the name of the medication, its administration instructions, any special instructions, and the medication's expiration date. This ensures the correct use of the medication and provides important information for patient safety.