Membuat Pintu geser otomatis | automatic sliding door

Summary

In this tutorial, the creator demonstrates how to build an automatic sliding door system using an Arduino Nano, stepper motor, ULN2003 driver, and two HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors. The system is designed to detect people approaching from either side and automatically open or close the door based on the sensor readings. The project uses simple wiring and programming, and the creator explains each step, from hardware connections to coding, providing a hands-on approach for building this prototype. The video is a great introduction to basic automation using Arduino.

Takeaways

• 😀 This project demonstrates how to create an automatic sliding door prototype using Arduino, a stepper motor, and ultrasonic sensors.
• 😀 The system uses an **Arduino Nano** to control the door's movements and sensors.
• 😀 A **28BYJ-48 5V DC stepper motor** is used to drive the door, controlled by an **ULN2003 driver**.
• 😀 Two **HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors** are employed – one to detect people outside the door and the other inside the room.
• 😀 The door opens when the ultrasonic sensors detect a person and closes when no one is detected.
• 😀 The circuit setup includes connecting the stepper motor to the ULN2003 driver and linking the sensors to specific Arduino pins.
• 😀 The **programming** involves setting a maximum detection range for the sensors (e.g., 88 cm) and using this range to control the door's movement.
• 😀 The motor moves the door by a set number of steps to simulate the door opening and closing.
• 😀 The system is tested by simulating a person entering or leaving: when detected by sensors, the door opens or closes automatically.
• 😀 The concept can be extended to other applications, such as automatic gates, with further customization and improvement.
• 😀 The project provides a simple introduction to home automation, robotics, and Arduino-based control systems.

Q & A

What components are used to build the automatic sliding door system?

The automatic sliding door system uses an Arduino Nano, a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor, a ULN2003 motor driver, two HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors, and some basic wiring components like power connections and elastic cord for motor attachment.

How do the ultrasonic sensors detect a person in front of the door?

The ultrasonic sensors use sound waves to measure the distance to objects in front of them. When an object, such as a person, is detected within a certain distance, the sensors send a signal to the Arduino to trigger the door's motor to open.

Why are two ultrasonic sensors used in this project?

Two ultrasonic sensors are used to detect a person from both sides of the door: one sensor is placed outside to detect when someone approaches the door, and the other is placed inside to detect when someone exits.

How does the system know when to open or close the door?

The system checks the readings from both ultrasonic sensors. If either sensor detects a person (i.e., the measured distance is less than the defined threshold), the door opens. When no person is detected by the sensors, the door closes automatically.

What role does the stepper motor play in the sliding door system?

The stepper motor is responsible for physically moving the door. It rotates and shifts the door when triggered by the Arduino based on sensor input, allowing the door to open or close automatically.

Why is a ULN2003 motor driver used in this project?

The ULN2003 motor driver is used to control the stepper motor. It amplifies the signal from the Arduino to provide enough power to drive the motor and control its movements, as the Arduino cannot supply sufficient current on its own.

How is the sliding door's movement controlled by the Arduino?

The Arduino controls the sliding door by sending signals to the ULN2003 motor driver. The motor driver, in turn, powers the stepper motor, causing it to rotate and move the door. The Arduino’s programming determines the motor's movement based on sensor readings.

How can the distance at which the door opens or closes be adjusted?

The distance is controlled by adjusting the sensor readings in the code. In the script, the threshold distance is set to 8 cm, but this value can be modified to suit different scenarios, depending on how close a person needs to be for the door to open.

What happens when no person is detected by the sensors?

When the sensors no longer detect a person, the Arduino sends a command to the stepper motor to return the door to its closed position, ensuring that the door shuts automatically after use.

Can this project be extended to other types of automatic doors?

Yes, this project can be adapted to other types of automatic doors, such as automatic gates, by modifying the motor setup and sensor placements. It can also be enhanced with additional sensors or features like speed control or integration with other systems.