Solar Wind Hybrid Energy System using MATLAB Simulink | IEEE Project | Solar PV Wind Hybrid System

Summary

This video explains the concept of a hybrid renewable energy system that combines solar and wind power to supply electricity to isolated loads. It highlights the challenges of using solar energy alone, such as its dependency on radiation and temperature, and the need for a complementary energy source like wind. The system utilizes DC-DC converters, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), multi-level inverters, and battery storage to manage variable energy input and maintain a steady power output. The video walks through the technical setup, explaining the role of each component in delivering efficient and reliable energy to off-grid areas.

Takeaways

• 😀 Renewable energy systems have gained significant attention in recent decades for their environmental benefits, energy conservation, and safety improvements.
• 🌞 Solar PV is a popular choice for renewable energy systems due to its low space requirements and ease of installation, although its energy output is variable based on radiation and temperature.
• 💨 Wind energy is chosen to complement solar power, as wind generation can compensate for low solar output, especially during specific seasons like the monsoon or post-winter months.
• 🔋 A hybrid renewable energy system combining solar PV and wind power is ideal for isolated loads that are disconnected from the utility grid, providing reliable power generation.
• ⚡ DC to DC converters are used to stabilize and regulate the output from both solar and wind systems, ensuring constant power supply despite fluctuations in input energy sources.
• 🔌 To convert the generated DC power into AC for use by typical loads, a multilevel inverter is employed, chosen for its efficiency and lower harmonic distortion compared to standard inverters.
• 🔋 A battery storage system plays a critical role in balancing power supply and demand, storing excess energy generated during low-demand periods and providing energy when demand exceeds generation.
• 📊 MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) is used in solar systems to maximize energy extraction, with the Incremental Conductance method being employed to track and optimize the solar panel’s performance.
• 📈 In a hybrid system, wind power is converted from AC to DC using a rectifier, and a DC-DC converter is used to stabilize the power before feeding it into the system.
• 🧑‍💻 The system is simulated using MATLAB to model the behavior of the solar, wind, and battery components, with various scope blocks used to monitor the output voltage, current, and power for both energy sources and the load.

Q & A

What are the main goals of renewable energy systems?

The main goals of renewable energy systems are to reduce environmental damage, conserve energy from exhaustible sources, and increase safety.

What is the primary advantage of using solar PV as a renewable energy source?

Solar PV requires less space, is easily installable, and is widely used in applications such as solar street lights, rooftop homes, and solar vehicles.

Why is solar energy not sufficient to meet the total demand in isolated areas?

Solar energy is variable, depending on temperature and radiation, meaning it cannot provide a constant supply, especially at night or during times of low radiation.

What is a hybrid renewable energy system and why is it necessary?

A hybrid renewable energy system combines multiple energy sources, such as solar and wind, to ensure a reliable and consistent power supply. It helps balance the variability of individual renewable sources and meet the total demand in isolated areas.

Why is wind energy chosen as the secondary source in this hybrid system?

Wind energy is chosen because it complements solar energy by generating more power during certain seasons (e.g., monsoons) when solar energy production is low. This seasonal variability of wind and solar energy makes them an ideal combination.

How are the varying outputs of solar and wind energy sources converted to meet the load requirements?

Solar energy is first converted from DC to a constant DC supply using a DC-DC converter. Wind energy, which is generated as AC, is first converted to DC using a rectifier and then stabilized using a DC-DC converter. Both outputs are then converted to AC using an inverter.

What is the role of the battery storage in the hybrid renewable energy system?

The battery storage stores excess energy generated when the power supply exceeds demand. It then releases this stored energy to meet the load requirements during peak hours when the demand exceeds production.

Why is a multi-level inverter used instead of a normal inverter in this system?

A multi-level inverter is preferred because it provides a more stable output with lower harmonic distortion and higher efficiency compared to a normal inverter.

What is the role of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in solar energy systems?

MPPT is used to extract the maximum possible power from a solar PV system by continuously adjusting the operating point to account for variations in sunlight, temperature, and other factors. In this system, Incremental Conductance is used as the MPPT technique.

How does the DC-DC converter contribute to the efficiency of the system?

The DC-DC converter helps in extracting a constant DC power from the variable input sources (solar and wind). It ensures that the output voltage and current remain stable and can be effectively used by the load or stored in the battery.