Analog computing will take over 30 billion devices by 2040. Wtf does that mean? | Hard Reset
Summary
TLDRこのスクリプトは、最新の技術が実際には非常に古い技術である可能性について述べています。アナログプロセッサは、波形を用いて思考し、コンピューティングの根幹を根本的に見直す可能性を秘めています。アナログプロセッサは、デジタルプロセッサのようにソフトウェアでプログラミングが可能であり、AIや機械学習アルゴリズムを使いながらも、デジタル方式よりもはるかに少ないエネルギーで動作できるとされています。これにより、より効率的で正確な処理が可能になり、デジタルコンピュータとは異なる新しいデバイスを構築できると期待されています。また、アナログプロセッサはデジタルコンピュータを代替するものではなく、より戦略的に使用される可能性があります。この技術は、デジタルとアナログを組み合わせることで、より多くの人々を効果的に監視できるようにするなど、医療や音響デバイスなどの分野で大きな貢献を提供する可能性があります。
Takeaways
- 🌊 模拟处理器使用波形而非数字信号进行计算,这可能彻底改变我们对计算机的重新思考。
- 📱 数字计算由软件驱动,而模拟处理允许我们以最原始的形式理解和推断数据。
- 🔍 模拟处理器可以像数字处理器一样通过软件编程,这是一个重大的进步。
- 💡 使用模拟处理器的新设备可能仅使用数字设备的千分之一能量,同时保持高效能和准确性。
- ❓ 提出了是否所有处理都必须是数字的问题,并探讨了模拟处理器如何改变计算机的工作方式和与我们的互动。
- 📈 模拟处理器的挑战在于输出的一致性,但Aspinity公司通过软件解决了这一问题。
- 🔌 模拟处理器可以直接处理来自传感器的信号,无需转换为数字信号,这大大提高了效率。
- 🌟 Aspinity的产品设计师认为,模拟计算的稳定性和可编程性问题的解决将导致计算架构的快速重置。
- 🔋 目前,我们将大量能量用于将模拟信号转换为数字信号,而模拟处理器可以更节能地完成这一任务。
- 🚀 模拟技术并不意味着要取代数字计算机,而是可以更策略性地使用它们。
- 🔉 模拟处理器可以用于始终开启的计算任务,而数字系统则在必要时唤醒,这样可以节省能源。
- 🎛️ 模拟计算可以实现更长时间的电池寿命,或者使用更小的电池实现相同的功能。
- 🔕 模拟处理器还可以用于声音检测等应用,通过特定的过滤器和决策树来区分不同类型的声音。
- ⚙️ 在大规模社会影响方面,模拟处理器可以用于监控管道、太阳能发电厂、汽车等设备。
- 🧵 模拟计算机可以指挥数字计算机的活动,这意味着可以在关键地方部署更多的感应系统。
- 🧘 我们可能永远不会有完全模拟的计算机,但模拟和数字的结合将发挥各自的优势,如心脏监测。
- 🏠 模拟智能可能会彻底改变智能设备理解我们的方式,实现更低能耗的洞察力收集设备部署。
Q & A
アナログプロセッサとは何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、デジタルプロセッサとは異なり、波形を扱って処理を行うプロセッサです。これはコンピューティングの考え方を根本から見直す可能性を秘めています。
アナログプロセッサがデジタルプロセッサよりも優れているとされる理由は何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、生のデータそのものを理解し、推論し、洞察を得ることができるため、デジタルプロセッサよりも優れています。また、同じようにソフトウェアでプログラムすることができ、エネルギー効率が非常に高いとされています。
Aspinityという会社は何を提供していますか?
-Aspinityは、ソフトウェアでプログラム可能なアナログプロセッサを提供しています。これにより、アナログ信号をデジタル信号に変換する必要がなく、より効率的なコンピューティングが可能になります。
アナログプロセッサがデジタルプロセッサを置き換えるのでしょうか?
-アナログプロセッサはデジタルプロセッサを置き換えるためのものではありません。それよりも、デジタルプロセッサをより戦略的に使用することができるようになるでしょう。
アナログプロセッサが有効な応用分野は何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、センサー信号の収集や解釈、音響デバイス、心拍数モニタリング、および家での音声コンピューティングなど、エネルギー効率が求められる分野で有効です。
アナログプロセッサの導入により、遠隔地でセンサーデータを監視することが現実的になる理由は何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、低エネルギーで動作し、デジタルシステムよりもはるかに少ないエネルギーで現実世界の感覚を監視できるためです。これにより、ディジタルシステムでは扱いが困難な場所での監視が可能になります。
アナログプロセッサが持つ課題とは何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサの課題は、同じ回路でも異なるシリコンで異なる出力を得ることがある「電圧オフセット」です。Aspinityは、ソフトウェアを通じて微調整を行い、同じ出力を保証する手法を開発しました。
デジタル信号とアナログ信号の間にはどのような違いがありますか?
-デジタル信号は0と1の二値表現を使用して情報を処理しますが、アナログ信号は連続的な波形を用いて情報を処理します。アナログ信号は、現実世界の様々な現象を直接的に表現できます。
アナログプロセッサがもたらす可能性として、リモコンの電池寿命が延びるというのはどういう意味ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは常に待機状態で低電力で動作し、必要に応じてデジタルシステムに切り替わるため、リモコンの電池消費を劇的に減らすことができます。これにより、同じ電池で長時間使用できるようになる、または小さな電池で同じ機能を実現できるようになります。
アナログプロセッサが持続可能な社会に与える可能性とは何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、エネルギー効率の良いセンサーシステムを導入し、産業機械、太陽光発電所、自動車などの監視と最適化を可能にします。これにより、持続可能な社会の構築に貢献することが期待されます。
アナログプロセッサがもたらすコンピューティングアーキテクチャの変化とは何ですか?
-アナログプロセッサは、より多くの価値をもたらす洞察を得るために、より少ないリソースで行う新しいコンピューティングアーキテクチャを創造します。これにより、センサーデータをより効果的に収集し、解析することが可能になります。
Outlines
🤖 デジタルからアナログへ、コンピューティングの再定義
デジタルプロセッサは0と1で思考しますが、アナログプロセッサは波形で思考します。アナログプロセッサはコンピューティングを根本から再考できる可能性を秘めています。アナログプロセッサはソフトウェアでプログラミングでき、AIや機械学習アルゴリズムを使いながらも、デジタルプロセッサよりも1/1000のエネルギーで動作することが可能です。これはコンピュータがどのように機能し、私たちとどのように相互作用するかを変える可能性があります。
🔋 エネルギー効率とアナログコンピューティングの未来
アナログ信号をデジタル信号に変換するために無駄に使われている大量のエネルギーを減らすために、アナログコンピューティングが注目されています。デジタルコンピュータのエネルギー消費は、私たちがエネルギーを生成する速さよりも迅速に増加しています。アナログコンピュータは、センサーからのデータを直接解釈し、無関係なデータをフィルタリングすることで、より効率的にデータを処理することができます。これはリモコンの電池が長持ちするだけでなく、より小さな電池で同じ機能を実現できることを意味しています。
🌐 アナログとデジタルの融合、新たなコンピューティングアーキテクチャ
アナログコンピュータは、デジタルコンピュータの活動をオーケストレーションし、現実世界の感覚をより少ないエネルギーで行うことができます。アナログコンピュータは、心拍数などのアナログ信号を効率的に監視し、異常を検出するとデジタルコンポーネントに警告することができます。これにより、より多くの人々が効果的に監視され、クラウドや医療プロバイダーに連絡することができます。アナログセンサーの種類が増えることで、より多くの人々が低エネルギーで洞察を集めるデバイスを利用できるようになります。
Mindmap
Keywords
💡アナログプロセッサ
💡デジタルプロセッサ
💡ソフトウェアプログラマブル
💡エネルギー効率
💡センサー
💡デジタル信号とアナログ信号
💡バイナリ
💡ハードリセット
💡クラウド
💡機械学習
💡パワーインテリジェント
Highlights
The next big technology could be an analog processor, which operates on waves rather than binary digits.
Analog processing can provide insights from data in its rawest form, unlike digital computing which is software-driven.
Analog processors can still be programmed with software, offering a significant advantage.
New devices using AI and machine learning algorithms with analog processors could use 1/1000th of the energy of digital counterparts.
Aspinity has developed a software-programmable analog processor that maintains analog benefits while being easily programmable.
Aspinity's technology solves the 'voltage offset' issue in analog processing, ensuring consistent outputs across different chips.
Analog processors allow signals from sensors to be used directly without conversion to digital, simplifying the process.
The development of analog computing could lead to a 'quick reset' in the architecture of computing.
Digital signal conversion consumes significant energy, and analog computing could reduce this consumption dramatically.
Analog computing could make it feasible to monitor more systems effectively, such as in industrial machinery or vehicles.
Analog processors are not intended to replace digital computers but to be used strategically in combination with them.
Analog computing can enable 'always-on' functionality with minimal energy use, extending battery life in devices.
The technology could allow for more specific and low-energy sensors, enhancing personalized insight-gathering devices.
Analog intelligence could change how intelligent devices in our lives understand and interact with us.
Aspinity's analog processors have the potential to make therapy more affordable and accessible through online services like BetterHelp.
The future of computing may involve an orchestration of analog and digital computers for optimized efficiency and sensing.
Analog computing could lead to the creation of new kinds of sensors and an explosion of innovation in the field.
Heart monitoring is an ideal application for analog computers, potentially allowing for more effective health monitoring with less power.
Transcripts
- What if the next big technology
was actually a really old technology?
The processors in your computer or phone are digital.
They think in ones and zeros.
But this processor thinks in waves.
This is an analog processor,
and it might allow us to totally rethink computing
from the ground up.
Oh wow, it can cut through anything.
- For the last few decades,
digital computing has always been driven by software.
And it became very easy to use and very easy
to build applications.
But all of the information in the world is natively analog.
And so what analog processing allows us to do
is understand and potentially inference and gather insights
from that data in its rawest form.
- But just like the digital processors you know,
it can still be programmed with software,
and that's kind of a big deal.
- Imagine being able to build new devices
that use AI and machine learning algorithms,
but yet, use 1/1000 of the energy that they use
from a digital perspective.
And so you get all those benefits of analog-
the power, the efficiency, the accuracy-
but now you can use a software to program it very quickly.
- Does all processing need to be digital?
How will analog processors change the way our computers work
and interact with us?
This is "Hard Reset,"
a series about rebuilding our world from scratch.
Hey, everyone.
Real quick, we're trying something new at "Hard Reset."
This is a quick message about our sponsor
for this episode, BetterHelp.
Now, I wanna make sure you know "Hard Reset"
will never take sponsorship money from our subjects,
like Aspinity, which is the company we're profiling
in this episode.
But sponsorships from other companies, like BetterHelp,
will make it easier for us to tell more stories
we know you will love.
And BetterHelp is a company we're happy to talk about.
Frankly, at "Hard Reset," one of the main things
we're always asking ourselves as we develop stories is:
What are the assumptions about the way the world works
that we should rethink?
And personally, I think we need
to rethink our cultural taboos around mental health.
Your mental health is super important-
and it's something worth taking care of.
I'm someone who has benefited from good therapy,
and many of my dearest and closest friends have as well.
I think we can all agree that the last few years
have been pretty wild.
And one of the things I learned through therapy
is that it's totally normal for all of that to get to you
from time to time.
And just knowing that
has helped make things more manageable for me.
BetterHelp's mission is to make therapy more affordable
and more accessible.
Basically, it's an online service
that matches you up with therapists based
on your preferences and their availability.
BetterHelp makes it easy for you to take that first step
towards improving your mental health.
It's easy to do, and it's worth doing.
Taking care of your mental health isn't just nice to do.
It's vital to making sure you're living a life
that is fulfilling and satisfying for you.
If you do decide to try out BetterHelp,
you can get 10% off your first month
by going to betterhelp.com/freethink.
Okay, back to nerding out about analog computers.
The first computers ever made were analog.
Think Ancient Greece. Later on, we had slide rules,
and in the 19th century, we developed analog computers
that calculated how things like the tides would change
over time or solve differential equations.
We met the folks from Aspinity to learn
about analog processors.
- Analog has not gone away.
I mean, every iPhone uses analog to collect data
and analog to transmit data in the form of RF.
So analog has always been there,
but it's bene relegated to those primary capabilities.
- Analog processors were surpassed
by digital processors,
mainly because digital could be manufactured more easily
and they could be programmed with software.
This made them far more flexible and adaptable.
But what about a software-programmable analog processor?
Well, that's what this is.
- The challenge with analog has always been
when you put a certain input in,
for the same circuit in a different silicon,
you might get a slightly different output.
And we call that 'voltage offset.'
So 2.1 and 1.9 aren't exactly the same.
You want it to be two.
And Aspinity has solved a major hurdle,
and through our software,
we're able to make fine-tune adjustments
so that that chip gets a 2 at the output,
this chip gets a 2 at the output.
But we also solved a key problem with regards to use model
and how easy it is to use.
And so we're now able to program an analog processor
from Aspinity in the same way that we do digital.
- That means the signals from all the sensors
that these chips are connected to don't need
to be converted into ones and zeros-
they can just go straight in.
And you can write the software that directs the chip
about how to interpret those signals.
That's sorta huge.
But don't take my word for it.
Jared here has a little more insight
as a product designer at argodesign here in Austin, Texas.
- Aspinity has slayed a dragon here,
and I've been going along blissfully thinking
like the history of computing is set and settled.
We will do digital.
We will go binary.
Turns out that all along,
analog has been slowly creeping along.
Now that we've solved the stability
and programmability issues of analog computing,
we're gonna see a quick reset
to the entire architecture of computing.
- Right now, we spend tons of energy
breaking analog signals into digital signals,
just so that our computers can understand them.
And by tons of energy, we're not being hyperbolic.
Think about all the sensors in your phone,
your house, your car, at work.
Most of them collect analog signals
that have to be converted into digital signals
and usually back into analog signals
so that we can hear them or see them.
- We expect 30 billion devices like this by the end
of the decade.
Every one of these will be computing on data,
and it takes tremendous amounts of energy
to have these always on computing.
- All that energy
we spend converting signals adds up.
In fact, the energy consumption of digital computers
is rising faster than the rate at which we create energy-
that's a problem.
- It allows these products to be more power-intelligent.
So we can really understand right at the sensor input
whether the data is relevant or not.
And then that drives everything after that
to take advantage of that efficiency.
- This technology isn't meant
to replace digital computers,
but it could mean we use them much more strategically.
- We can still have a combination of analog
and digital locally,
but we wanna be able to use that analog
as your always-on computing and then wake up the digital
as necessary or wake up and send data
to the cloud as necessary.
- Think of it this way:
How often do you change the batteries
in your smart TV's remote control?
Well, even those batteries are slowly being nibbled away at
by the digital processors that sit and listen
for your voice to command them.
- And all this is just so you can say, you know,
"Hey TV, I wanna watch a rom-com with Matthew McConaughey.
- You really can't make it five minutes
into a conversation in Austin
without someone bringing up Matthew McConaughey.
- 'All right, all right, all right.
- Oh Christ.
- How you doin'?'
- Anyway-
- With analog computing, it can be listening continuously
for that wake word that's using almost no electricity,
never doing analog-digital conversion,
and then it can wake up a more expensive system
to do the work of the request.
- That means that same remote control
could last 10 or even 100 times longer on the same batteries
or you could just use much smaller batteries
and get the same functionality.
- And you can virtually do any audio, right?
This is a glass break detector.
This also is for automotive glass break as well.
- Right.
So you can potentially build the kind of filters
and decision tree that can say,
"That was glass breaking.
That's a window.
This is a car window, tempered glass breaking."
And then based on whether or not it hits one
of those priority glass breaks,
it can send that signal to the digital chip,
which communicates via either Wi-Fi or cell signal,
I'm guessing? - Exactly.
Once we make the decision, we go ahead and send the trigger-
- Right. - Out to whomever,
a call center in some cases, directly to the authorities.
- Hey, Siri,
the glass is broken.
You can't fool it.
- You wanna hold it? - Yeah.
I'll see what happens.
All right.
What if I'm talking over it while you do it?
Now does it filter out?
So here I'm gonna talk.
I'm gonna say,
this is "Hard Reset,"
a series about, wow, that really.
- Yeah. - I'm kinda surprised
that it could differentiate between the two,
'cause a lotta people say my voice sounds
like breaking glass.
- It may not be a major item that gets solved,
but all these little things
where you're using energy inefficiently add up.
- Where this really starts to impact society at scale
isn't your remote control.
It's your pipes, your solar power plants, your cars.
- On a piece of equipment like a stacker,
which is one of those conveyor belts that runs dirt up
and makes piles and there's something on the order
of a half a million of 'em in operation every day,
and just, if you have a chip set that can run for years
on battery power with enough machine-learning intelligence
to listen to a vibration and determine
that it's not just a vibration,
but the type that indicates a bearing is going out,
and then you could use that information
to find out what it would cost to repair a bearing.
When you think about the whole system,
it's not just that the chip set uses less power,
it's that because it uses less power,
it creates a new computing architecture
where we can get more value, the insights,
with less resources.
- Monitoring all these things with digital systems
would be impractical.
But with analog systems, it starts to seem achievable.
So, picture a scenario where analog computers orchestrate
the activity of digital computers.
This would mean better sensing systems and more of them
in places where it can make a difference.
And of course, all the sensing of the real world
can be done with far less energy than the digital systems
we currently use.
You probably won't ever have an all analog computer.
Some things, like audio devices, might become mostly analog.
That would probably be music to the ears
of your vinyl-loving friend.
But most implementations would be about blending
the best strengths of analog and digital.
For example, heart monitoring is perfect
for analog computers.
Our heartbeat is an analog signal.
And with power-efficient, tiny sensors,
more people could be monitored effectively.
If the analog portion ever detects an anomaly,
it can wake up the digital component
that communicates with the cloud
or contacts a health care provider.
- Once you have these kinda chip sets,
you're gonna see an explosion of people looking
to create new kinds of analog sensors.
This would allow me to create an entire architecture
around voice computing in the home,
because I could look at the faucet and say, "Turn on,"
and the stove wouldn't turn on
because I wasn't looking at it.
- It's this idea of, it'll be a very low-energy deployment
of all of these insight-gathering devices
that are very specific to you.
And there's no middleman going to the cloud necessarily
or no middleman that's monitoring it for you-
it can come to you.
- We're constantly relying on more
and more intelligent devices in our lives.
But analog intelligence might totally change the way
those devices understand us.
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