Sejarah Hari Kesaktian Pancasila dan Kaitannya dengan Peristiwa G30S/PKI

Kompas.com

1 Oct 202103:56

Summary

TLDRThe video highlights Indonesia's commemoration of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila, tracing its origins to a decree by General Soeharto on September 17, 1966. The event remembers the tragic G30S PKI coup on September 30–October 1, 1965, during which six army generals and one officer were killed. Their bodies were dumped in a well at Lubang Buaya, Jakarta. The day serves as a reminder of this dark chapter in Indonesian history and the need to prevent similar events. The discovery of the victims' bodies is also credited to Sukitman, a policeman who escaped captivity by the G30S group.

Takeaways

🇮🇩 The video commemorates Indonesia's Hari Kesaktian Pancasila on October 1, 2018.
📜 The commemoration began with a decree from General Soeharto on September 17, 1966, mandating all army forces to observe the day with other branches and civilians.
🕊️ Former Deputy Army Commander, Lt. Gen. Maraden Panggabean, said the purpose of this commemoration is to remember the nation's dark history and prevent a recurrence.
📅 The first Hari Kesaktian Pancasila ceremony was held on October 1, 1966, at Lubang Buaya, Jakarta.
📖 The commemoration is closely tied to the G30S/PKI event from September 30 to October 1, 1965, a tragic period in Indonesian history.
⚔️ During the G30S/PKI incident, six high-ranking army generals and one middle-ranking officer were killed.
🕊️ The victims were Lieutenant General Ahmad Yani, Major Generals Raden Suprapto, M.T. Haryono, and S. Parman, Brigadier Generals D.I. Panjaitan and Sutoyo, and Lieutenant Pierre Tendean.
🏴 The PKI accused these officers of plotting a coup against President Sukarno via the General Council and abducted them, eventually killing them.
🕳️ The bodies of these officers were found on October 4, 1965, in Lubang Buaya, East Jakarta, in a well used as a mass grave.
🚔 Their discovery was due in part to Sukitman, a police officer who was also abducted but managed to escape and report the events.

Q & A

What is the significance of October 1st in Indonesia?
-October 1st is commemorated as Hari Kesaktian Pancasila (Pancasila Sanctity Day), which began as a directive from General Soeharto in 1966 to remind the nation of the tragic G30S/PKI events and to prevent such incidents from recurring.
What triggered the commemoration of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila?
-The commemoration was initiated after the events of G30S/PKI (September 30 Movement) in 1965, during which seven high-ranking Indonesian Army officers were killed by the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party).
Who were the seven Army officers killed during the G30S/PKI incident?
-The seven officers were Lieutenant General Ahmad Yani, Major General Raden Suprapto, Major General M.T. Haryono, Major General S. Parman, Brigadier General D.I. Panjaitan, Brigadier General Sutoyo, and Lieutenant Pierre Tendean.
Where were the bodies of the slain officers found?
-Their bodies were found in a well in the Lubang Buaya area, East Jakarta. The well became a historical site for remembering the tragedy.
What role did Sukitman play in the discovery of the victims?
-Sukitman, a police officer, was taken by the G30S group to Lubang Buaya but managed to escape. His actions played a key role in the discovery of the officers' bodies.
What was the original purpose of the PKI's actions in the G30S incident?
-The PKI accused the seven officers of planning a coup against President Sukarno through the so-called 'Council of Generals.' This accusation led to their abduction and murder.
How were the bodies of the victims hidden after their murder?
-The victims' bodies were thrown into a well, which was then covered with soil, banana tree trunks, and dry leaves to conceal their presence.
When were the bodies of the victims recovered?
-The bodies were recovered on October 4, 1965, by a special unit from the Army Paratrooper Regiment (RPKAD).
What was the significance of Lubang Buaya in the G30S/PKI incident?
-Lubang Buaya became infamous as the site where the bodies of the slain army officers were disposed of. It has since become a symbol of the brutality of the G30S/PKI event.
How is Hari Kesaktian Pancasila commemorated in Indonesia?
-The commemoration often includes ceremonies involving military forces and the public, held at significant historical sites like Lubang Buaya, to honor the victims of the G30S/PKI and to reinforce national unity around Pancasila.

Outlines

00:00

📅 The Commemoration of Pancasila Sanctity Day

This paragraph discusses the observance of Pancasila Sanctity Day on October 1, 2018. The commemoration began with a directive from General Soeharto on September 17, 1966, instructing the Army to commemorate the event. The aim of the commemoration is to remind Indonesians of the tragic events related to the attempted coup and to prevent its recurrence. The first commemoration took place in Lubang Buaya, Jakarta, on October 1, 1966, closely tied to the G30S PKI events of 1965.

⚔️ The Tragic G30S PKI Incident

This paragraph provides a detailed account of the G30S PKI incident, one of the darkest days in Indonesia's history. Between September 30 and October 1, 1965, six high-ranking Army officers and one mid-level officer were killed. The victims included Major General Ahmad Yani and several other prominent military leaders. The PKI (Indonesian Communist Party) accused these officers of planning a coup against President Soekarno and kidnapped them, later disposing of their bodies in a well at Lubang Buaya, East Jakarta.

🕳️ The Horrors of Lubang Buaya

This paragraph focuses on the aftermath of the G30S PKI incident, specifically the discovery of the victims' bodies. On October 4, 1965, the bodies were found in a well by an Army para-commando regiment. The well, which was about 12 meters deep with a 75 cm diameter, was used to conceal the officers' remains. The perpetrators covered the bodies with soil, tree trunks, and banana leaves in an attempt to hide the evidence.

🚔 The Heroic Role of Sukitman

This final paragraph highlights the crucial role of Sukitman, a police officer who was also abducted by the G30S group but managed to escape. His efforts contributed to the eventual discovery of the victims' bodies and the exposure of the perpetrators. Sukitman’s bravery played a key role in the resolution of this tragic episode in Indonesian history.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Hari Kesaktian Pancasila

Hari Kesaktian Pancasila, or Pancasila Sanctity Day, is commemorated on October 1st to honor the resilience and foundational principles of Pancasila, Indonesia's state ideology, following the events of the G30S PKI. This day was first observed in 1966 by the Indonesian military, particularly the army, as a reminder of the nation's fight against the communist rebellion, which aimed to overthrow the government. In the video, this event is framed as an important part of national memory and a lesson to prevent future threats.

💡Panglima TNI Angkatan Darat

Panglima TNI Angkatan Darat refers to the Commander of the Indonesian Army. In the video, General Soeharto, then the army commander, issued a decree on September 17, 1966, mandating the annual observance of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila. This decree was part of an effort to solidify the army's role in defending the nation from internal threats, particularly communism.

💡G30S PKI

G30S PKI, or the September 30th Movement, was a failed coup attempt by the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) in 1965. The event led to the assassination of several high-ranking army officers and sparked a violent anti-communist purge across the country. In the video, this tragic historical event is discussed in connection with the establishment of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila, as the coup attempt was seen as a direct threat to the Indonesian state.

💡Lubang Buaya

Lubang Buaya, located in Jakarta, was the site where the bodies of six senior Indonesian army officers and one officer cadet, who were murdered during the G30S PKI uprising, were disposed of. The video describes how the bodies were thrown into a deep well and covered with soil and plant debris to hide them. Lubang Buaya has since become a historical memorial site.

💡Pahlawan Revolusi

Pahlawan Revolusi, or 'Revolutionary Heroes,' refers to the seven Indonesian army officers who were killed during the G30S PKI uprising and later honored for their sacrifice. The video names these officers, including General Ahmad Yani, who were kidnapped, murdered, and then thrown into the Lubang Buaya well. Their deaths symbolize the fight against communist forces and are central to the narrative of Pancasila's sanctity.

💡Jenderal Soeharto

Jenderal Soeharto, at the time the commander of the Indonesian Army, played a critical role in suppressing the G30S PKI uprising. After the coup attempt, Soeharto led the military response that ultimately brought an end to the rebellion. He later became the second president of Indonesia. In the video, Soeharto's order to commemorate Hari Kesaktian Pancasila is highlighted as part of his efforts to strengthen the state’s ideological foundations.

💡Dewan Jenderal

Dewan Jenderal, or the 'Council of Generals,' was a group allegedly accused by the PKI of planning a coup against President Sukarno. The video explains that this false accusation was used as a justification by the PKI to target and assassinate the military officers involved. This accusation played a significant role in the escalation of events leading to the G30S PKI.

💡Resimen Para Komando Angkatan Darat (RPKAD)

The Resimen Para Komando Angkatan Darat (RPKAD), now known as Kopassus, is the Indonesian Army’s special forces unit. In the video, members of this unit were responsible for discovering the bodies of the fallen officers in the Lubang Buaya well on October 4, 1965. Their involvement underscores the military’s crucial role in ending the communist coup and preserving national security.

💡Sukitman

Sukitman was a police officer who played a key role in exposing the atrocities of the G30S PKI. In the video, he is described as having been captured by the G30S PKI but managed to escape from Lubang Buaya, later leading authorities to the location where the bodies were buried. His actions were instrumental in the discovery of the Revolutionary Heroes' remains.

💡Penghianatan PKI

Penghianatan PKI, or 'PKI Betrayal,' is a term used in the video to describe the communist party's attempt to overthrow the Indonesian government through the G30S movement. This betrayal is framed as a direct attack on Pancasila and the nation's unity, which led to a nationwide anti-communist purge. The video emphasizes this betrayal as a reminder for future generations to remain vigilant against similar threats.

Highlights

The commemoration of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila started on September 17, 1966, by General Soeharto, marking its significance in Indonesian history.

The celebration involves the entire Indonesian military, including all branches and the public, to reflect on the importance of Pancasila.

Letjen Maraden Panggabean highlighted the purpose of Hari Kesaktian Pancasila to remind the nation of this dark period and prevent its recurrence.

Hari Kesaktian Pancasila was first commemorated on October 1, 1966, at Lubang Buaya, Jakarta, a place strongly associated with the G30S PKI incident.

The G30S PKI incident of September 30 to October 1, 1965, resulted in the tragic loss of six high-ranking army officers and one middle-ranking officer.

The seven officers, including Letjen Ahmad Yani and Mayjen Raden Suprapto, were kidnapped and later found dead in Lubang Buaya.

PKI accused the generals of planning a coup against President Soekarno, using this as justification for their actions.

The officers were thrown into a 12-meter-deep well at Lubang Buaya, which was later covered with soil, banana trunks, and dry leaves to hide the crime.

The bodies were discovered on October 4, 1965, by the Army Paratroop Regiment (RPKAD), leading to the identification of the fallen heroes.

The victims were posthumously honored as Pahlawan Revolusi (Revolutionary Heroes) for their sacrifice.

Lubang Buaya became a symbol of the atrocities committed during the G30S PKI rebellion, marking its place in Indonesian history.

The well at Lubang Buaya, where the bodies were dumped, had a diameter of about 75 cm and became a historical landmark.

Sukitman, a police officer, played a key role in uncovering the incident after being kidnapped but managing to escape from the G30S group.

Sukitman's testimony led to the discovery of the bodies and contributed significantly to the investigation of the G30S PKI event.

Hari Kesaktian Pancasila serves as a reminder to the Indonesian people to cherish unity and prevent further attempts to disrupt national stability.