[HISKORIA] SEJARAH & PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOLOGI KEPRIBADIAN (pt. 1)

Summary

This video script delves into the history of psychology, starting with Wilhelm Wundt's establishment of the first psychology lab in 1879. It explores various theories like Freud's psychoanalysis, Adler's individual psychology, Jung's analytical psychology, and Horney's social psychology. The script also touches on object relations theory and interpersonal theory, emphasizing the impact of social interactions and early childhood experiences on personality development. Theories by neo-Freudians like Erikson, who proposed eight stages of human development, are also mentioned.

Takeaways

• 🎓 Wilhelm Wundt founded the first psychology laboratory in 1879, marking the beginning of modern psychology.
• 🧠 Wundt aimed to understand the structure of the mind through introspection and experimental methods.
• 🔍 Sigmund Freud introduced the psychodynamic approach, focusing on the unconscious mind and childhood experiences.
• 🏆 Despite being nominated 13 times, Freud never won a Nobel Prize but received a Goethe Award in 1930.
• 👥 Alfred Adler developed the theory of Individual Psychology, emphasizing social influences on human behavior.
• 📚 Carl Jung introduced Analytical Psychology, focusing on the interplay between the conscious and unconscious mind.
• 💡 Jung and Freud disagreed, with Freud focusing on sexual drives and Jung on societal values shaping behavior.
• 👩‍👦 Melanie Klein’s Object Relations Theory highlighted the significance of mother-child interactions in personality development.
• 🌍 Karen Horney developed the Social Psychoanalytic Theory, emphasizing cultural and social influences on personality.
• 🚶‍♂️ Erich Fromm proposed a Humanistic Psychoanalytic approach, addressing the conflict between freedom and belonging.

Q & A

Who is considered the founder of modern psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of modern psychology.

In what year did Wilhelm Wundt establish the first psychology laboratory?

Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879.

What was the main purpose of Wundt's laboratory?

The laboratory was built to apply experimental methods to natural science in order to answer philosophical questions more deeply and to understand the structure of the mind through introspection.

What is the main focus of psychoanalytic theory?

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on treating mental disorders through understanding the unconscious mind.

Who is the proponent of psychoanalytic theory mentioned in the script?

Sigmund Freud is the proponent of psychoanalytic theory mentioned in the script.

What is the main concept of Adler's Individual Psychology?

Adler's Individual Psychology focuses on the individual being motivated by social forces and emphasizes human awareness in behavior formation.

What is the significance of birth order and family dynamics in Alfred Adler's theory?

In Adler's theory, birth order and the number of siblings in a family play a significant role in shaping an individual's personality.

What is the core idea of Carl Jung's Analytical Psychology?

Carl Jung's Analytical Psychology emphasizes the importance of wholeness for every individual, with a focus on both conscious and unconscious aspects of the mind.

What does the term 'object relations theory' refer to?

Object relations theory focuses on the relationship between a mother and child, suggesting that the interaction between mother and infant plays a crucial role in the growth and development of the child.

Who is credited with the development of Object Relations theory?

Melanie Klein is credited with the development of Object Relations theory.

What is the main focus of Horney's psychoanalytic social theory?

Horney's psychoanalytic social theory is built on the assumption that social conditions and culture, particularly childhood experiences, are largely responsible for shaping our personality.

What is the main idea behind Fromm's theory of humanistic psychology?

Fromm's theory of humanistic psychology posits that humans are separate from the natural world, leading to feelings of loneliness and isolation, which he terms 'basic anxiety'.

How does Erikson's theory of psychosocial development differ from Freud's?

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development expands on Freud's by introducing eight stages of development and is also known as the father of psychosocial development.