Essential New-born Care

Summary

This video focuses on essential newborn care (ENC) to ensure proper care at birth and during the postnatal period. It highlights key components such as warmth, breathing, breastfeeding, infection prevention, and recognizing danger signs. The video also outlines the sequence of care from preparation for birth, immediate care during the first 60 minutes, to postnatal care up to 48 hours. The emphasis is on keeping the baby warm, monitoring for danger signs, and supporting breastfeeding, ensuring that the newborn's health is prioritized through proper hygiene and careful monitoring.

Takeaways

• 👶 Newborn care is essential for reducing preventable deaths in the first year of life.
• 🧼 Health providers must follow a step-by-step approach for essential newborn care, ensuring proper care at birth and during the postnatal period.
• 🌡️ Maintaining warmth is crucial, with delivery room temperature set between 26-28°C, and ensuring skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby.
• 🍼 Early breastfeeding should be supported, with mothers encouraged to initiate breastfeeding within the first hour after birth.
• ⚕️ Health providers should prepare by ensuring all necessary equipment is ready, including towels, gloves, a sterile delivery kit, and a functioning bag and mask.
• 🩺 Immediate care within the first 60 minutes includes drying the baby, ensuring breathing, cutting the umbilical cord, and monitoring for any birth injuries.
• 💉 Administer Vitamin K and neonatal vaccines within the first few hours after birth to prevent common health issues in newborns.
• 👁️ Monitor newborns for danger signs such as breathing issues, infections, or congenital malformations before discharge.
• 🫂 Encourage skin-to-skin contact and rooming-in to provide warmth, strengthen bonding, and promote breastfeeding.
• 🚫 Avoid unnecessary interventions like suctioning unless the nose or mouth is blocked, and do not bathe the newborn until discharge.

Q & A

What is the primary goal of Essential Newborn Care (ENC)?

The primary goal of Essential Newborn Care (ENC) is to ensure appropriate care at the time of birth and during the postnatal period to prevent newborn deaths, many of which are preventable.

What are the key components of Essential Newborn Care (ENC)?

The key components of ENC include warmth, immediate breathing, breastfeeding, infection prevention, and checking for danger signs in the newborn.

What should be the room temperature during delivery to ensure warmth for the newborn?

The labor room's temperature should be maintained between 26 to 28°C to ensure warmth for the newborn.

What steps should be followed in immediate newborn care during the first 60 minutes of birth?

During the first 60 minutes, immediate care includes checking for meconium, drying the baby, providing skin-to-skin contact, cutting the cord within 1 to 3 minutes, ruling out major malformations, and initiating breastfeeding.

How should the umbilical cord be cut and managed after birth?

The umbilical cord should be clamped or tied after it stops pulsating, with two clamps placed at 2 cm and 5 cm from the umbilicus. The cord should be cut between the clamps.

What is the role of skin-to-skin contact between the mother and the newborn?

Skin-to-skin contact provides natural warmth for the baby, promotes bonding, encourages breastfeeding, and helps regulate the newborn’s body temperature.

What vaccinations are administered during the early newborn care phase (60 minutes to 6 hours of birth)?

During early newborn care, the baby receives an intramuscular injection of Vitamin K (1 mg), and vaccines for BCG, OPV0, and Hepatitis B birth dose.

What danger signs should be monitored in the newborn during the first 48 hours of life?

The health provider should monitor the newborn for difficulty in breathing, temperature issues, infections around the cord stump, abnormal eye conditions, skin abnormalities, and other signs of distress or illness.

What is the recommended feeding practice for the newborn before discharge?

The newborn should be exclusively breastfed, and the health provider should ensure that breastfeeding is well-established with no feeding difficulties before discharge.

What are the important 'do nots' in newborn care based on the provided guidelines?

Do not suction the newborn unless the mouth or nose is blocked, do not separate the baby from the mother, do not place the newborn on a cold or wet surface, do not wipe off vernix, do not bathe the baby until discharge, and do not feed anything except breast milk.

Outlines

00:00

🍼 Essential Newborn Care Overview

This paragraph introduces the importance of essential newborn care (ENC), emphasizing the need for healthcare providers to understand the key steps during and after birth. It highlights that most newborn deaths, which occur in the first year of life, are preventable through proper care. The core components of ENC include maintaining warmth, ensuring immediate breathing, promoting breastfeeding, preventing infections, and checking for danger signs. It describes the sequence of care, from preparation for birth to immediate and early newborn care, and concludes with guidelines for managing specific challenges like birth asphyxia and low birth weight.

05:00

👶 Immediate Newborn Care: The First 60 Minutes

This paragraph outlines the critical steps taken in the first 60 minutes after a newborn's birth. It starts with calling out the time of birth and checking for meconium, followed by drying the baby, ensuring skin-to-skin contact, and cord cutting within 1-3 minutes. The focus is on keeping the baby warm, ensuring breastfeeding initiation, and monitoring for any birth injuries or malformations. Skin-to-skin contact is emphasized as a key method for maintaining the baby's warmth, with specific instructions for positioning the baby and covering them with a warm cloth.

10:01

🧸 Early Newborn Care: 60 Minutes to 6 Hours

This section covers the care provided during the early newborn period, from 60 minutes to 6 hours after birth. Key actions include weighing the baby, administering Vitamin K, and performing a thorough physical examination to rule out danger signs. Vaccinations for BCG, oral polio, and hepatitis B are administered. Rooming in with the mother is recommended to promote bonding, breastfeeding, and warmth. For low birth weight babies, kangaroo mother care is suggested. Continuous monitoring and ensuring breastfeeding success are critical during this period.

Keywords

💡Essential Newborn Care (ENC)

Essential Newborn Care (ENC) refers to the basic medical practices applied to newborns to ensure their survival and health. It encompasses a series of steps that health providers must take to safeguard newborns from preventable deaths during and after birth. In the video, ENC involves key practices like ensuring warmth, facilitating breathing, supporting breastfeeding, preventing infections, and identifying danger signs.

💡Postnatal Period

The postnatal period is the time immediately following birth, during which both the newborn and mother need close monitoring. This period is critical for the newborn's health and includes activities like initiating breastfeeding, monitoring the baby for signs of illness, and ensuring the mother is informed about danger signs. The script highlights care practices from the first 60 minutes to 48 hours post-birth as part of early and essential newborn care.

💡Warmth

Maintaining warmth is a fundamental component of newborn care, crucial for preventing hypothermia, which is common in newborns due to their underdeveloped ability to regulate body temperature. The video emphasizes the importance of a warm environment, such as using a radiant warmer, skin-to-skin contact, and warm towels to keep the baby warm immediately after birth.

💡Immediate Breathing

Immediate breathing refers to the critical need for a newborn to begin breathing as soon as they are born. If a baby does not start breathing naturally, interventions like suctioning meconium or using a bag and mask for resuscitation may be necessary. In the script, this is a top priority right after delivery, and health providers must assess the baby’s breathing immediately.

💡Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding is the natural process of feeding newborns with breast milk, which provides essential nutrients and antibodies. The video underlines the need to initiate breastfeeding within the first hour of birth to promote bonding, nutrition, and immunity. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended, and health providers must ensure the mother is supported to breastfeed properly.

💡Infection Prevention

Infection prevention includes practices that reduce the risk of infections in newborns, such as maintaining cleanliness and hygiene during delivery, handwashing, and proper cord care. The video also emphasizes vaccination, like administering the BCG and hepatitis B vaccines, as part of preventing infections.

💡Danger Signs

Danger signs are warning signals that indicate a newborn may be in distress or at risk of a serious condition. These include difficulty breathing, poor feeding, and abnormal temperature. The video emphasizes the importance of health providers recognizing these signs early and taking immediate action, while also educating mothers on how to identify and report them.

💡Kangaroo Mother Care

Kangaroo Mother Care is a method used primarily for low birth weight babies, involving skin-to-skin contact between the mother and baby to regulate the newborn’s body temperature and support bonding. The video highlights this as an effective way to provide warmth and comfort, especially in cases where babies are small or at risk of complications.

💡Vitamin K Injection

Vitamin K injection is a preventive treatment given to newborns to reduce the risk of bleeding disorders, as newborns naturally have low levels of vitamin K. In the script, this is mentioned as part of routine care immediately after birth, where health providers must ensure the administration of this injection to support the baby's health.

💡Skin-to-Skin Contact

Skin-to-skin contact involves placing the newborn directly on the mother’s chest, ensuring warmth and promoting bonding. It is a critical practice mentioned in the video for providing natural warmth, regulating the baby’s temperature, and helping establish breastfeeding. This practice should be initiated immediately after delivery and maintained during the early newborn period.

Highlights

Learning objective to practice essential newborn care (ENC) for health providers.

Newborn deaths account for a significant proportion of first-year deaths, with many being preventable through proper care.

Essential newborn care includes warmth, immediate breathing support, breastfeeding, infection prevention, and danger sign assessment.

Preparation for birth includes ensuring a warm, draft-free delivery room and the availability of a radiant warmer.

The first 60 minutes of newborn care involves immediate newborn care, including drying the baby, skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding initiation.

Ensure proper hand hygiene with a detailed handwashing sequence before handling the newborn.

Immediate newborn care involves calling out the time of birth, checking for meconium, and drying the baby.

The baby's umbilical cord should be clamped and cut within 1-3 minutes of birth.

Support the mother to initiate breastfeeding and ensure proper positioning for skin-to-skin contact.

Administer Vitamin K injection and neonatal vaccines (BCG, OPV, Hepatitis B) within the first 6 hours after birth.

Monitor the newborn for danger signs such as difficulty breathing, temperature instability, or signs of infection.

Encourage Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) for low birth weight babies to maintain warmth.

Counsel the mother on exclusive breastfeeding, recognizing danger signs, and family planning before discharge.

Do not bathe the newborn before discharge; only breast milk should be provided.

Ensure the delivery area is draft-free and maintain a room temperature of 26-28°C for optimal newborn care.

Transcripts

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[Applause]

learning objective to practice essential

newborn care ENC Health provider will

need to understand the basic sequence of

steps to ensure appropriate Care at the

time of birth and during postnatal

period newborn deaths account for a

major proportion of deaths which occur

within the first year of

life however most of these deaths are

preventable ential newborn care is a key

component of skill

attendance BNC comprises care for all

newborn at the time of birth and during

postnatal period the key components of

essential newborn care include warmth

immediate breathing

breastfeeding infection prevention and

check for danger

signs sequence of essential newborn

care preparation for

birth first 60 Minutes of birth

immediate newborn care 60 Minutes to 6

hours of birth early newborn care 6

hours to 48 hours of birth care prior to

discharge and Care at

discharge preparation for birth

ensure warm and drought-free delivery

room

a radiant warmer that has been switched

on two clean warm

towels hand washing wearing sterilized

gloves a sterilized delivery kit

functional bag and mask and be prepared

to manage babies with birth asfixia and

a low birth weight or

preum ensure warmth in the labor room

prevent any type of heat do close the

door and windows switch off the fans

ensure the labor room's temperature is

in the range of 26 to 28°

C switch on the radiant warmer at least

30 minutes before the

delivery place two clean towels under

radiant

warmer and

washing remove watch Bangles and Rings

roll up the

sleeves

wet hands and forearms with running

water apply soap to make leather wash

hands in a sequence Palms fingers and

web spaces for 20

seconds back of hands 10 seconds each

hand fingers and Knuckles 10 seconds

each hand thumbs 10 seconds each

fingertip 10 seconds each

hand wrists and forearms 10 seconds each

hand wearing sterilized

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gloves use left hand to pick up right

glove at the bottom fold and insert

right

hand use left hand to pull up right

glove without touching outside of the

glove delivery

kit ensure highle disinfected delivery

kit K comprising cord clamp or tie and

scissors two towels cap and socks for

the newborn mucus

extractor bag and

mask check functionality of the bag and

mask in three

steps fit mask onto the

bag check that the bag reinflates

quickly after

squeezing deliver test breeds again

against the Palm feel the pressure on

the

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palm ensure availability of Vitamin K

and neonatal

vaccines first 60 Minutes immediate

newborn care includes call out time of

birth rule out meconium

if there is meconium and baby is not

crying perform suction before drying

deliver the baby on the mother's abdomen

check for breathing and start to dry the

baby remove the wet

towel ensure a skinto skin contact and

cover the baby with a dry and warm towel

ensure cord cutting within 1 to 3

minutes of birth rule out major m

formations and birth

injury support the mother to initiate

breastfeeding and place the identity tag

on the

baby we are prepared to welcome the new

life with apt care and deliver the baby

on mother's abdomen call out the time of

birth

11:45 thoroughly dry the baby and remove

the wet towel if baby is breathing well

place the newborn for skin to skin

contact cord clamp or tie after the cord

has stopped pulsating place two ties or

clamps tightly around the cord at 2 cm

and 5 cm from the

umbilicus cut the cord between the tie

skin to skin contact is natural warmth

for the baby keep the baby we in prone

position on the bare chest of mother

head should be between the breasts and

slightly turn to one side place a cap

covering the head and have the mother

gently hold the baby in place cover the

baby with a dry cloth then put a blanket

to cover the baby and the mother monitor

the baby lying in skin to- skinin

contact with the mother while the

placenta is being delivered ask the

mother to support the baby when the

newborn shows feeding cues like opening

of mouth tonging licking rooting then

encourage the mother to

breastfeed 60 minutes to 6 hours early

newborn care wash hands before handling

the

baby ensure the wing scale is

functioning and

calibrated take the weight of the baby

and record

it administer injection vitamin K

intramuscularly 1 mg examine the baby

thoroughly for Vital Signs and rule out

any danger signs

vaccinate the baby with BCG

opv0 and hepatitis B birth dose practice

rooming in with the mother this provides

baby warmth promotes breastfeeding

bonding and prevents

infections adjust the calibration before

weighing the baby record the weight if

the newborn is low birth weight and

stress-free promotee kangaroo mother

care to ensure

warmth thoroughly examine the baby once

the wing is done start the routine

examination check for danger signs and

take action if

needed rule out congenital malformations

and birth injuries cleft pallet or

lip spina bifida give intramuscular

injection of vitamin K also give oral

polio vaccine BCG and hepatitis B 6

hours to 48 hours of birth care prior to

discharge continue to monitor the

newborn for the breathing temperature

cord stump eyes skin and rule out danger

signs Health provider should ensure

successful establishment of breast

feeding and rule out any feeding

difficulty counsel the mother for

exclusive breastfeeding and continue to

keep the baby

warm reinforce and counsel the mother on

exclusive breastfeeding danger signs

Family Planning and

hygiene ensure that the mother is able

to recognize danger signs in her baby

and is able to repeat and mention them

to the health provider before she leaves

the health facility

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remember do not suction unless the mouth

or nose is

blocked do not separate the newborn from

the

mother do not place the newborn on a

cold or wet

surface do not wipe off

verx do not bathe newborn till

discharge do not cre anything except

breast

milk do not discharge if the baby is not

feeding

well key messages ensure the delivery

area is draft free and temperature is 26

to 28°

C ensure colostrum is fed to the newborn

ensure the newborn and mother are

checked for danger signs counsel the

mother for exclusive breastfeeding

Danger signs Family Planning and hygiene

at the time of

discharge Right Care is my dignity

dignity is my

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right