APA ITU AGAMA? | MEMAHAMI ISLAM BERSAMA M. QURAISH SHIHAB

Summary

In this insightful discussion, Najla Syihab and Abi Quraisy Shab explore the fundamental aspects of Islam on Metro TV. They clarify misconceptions about religion, explaining that Islam is a complete way of life, not just a set of rituals. They emphasize the importance of faith in a supreme power, the expectation of divine justice, and the relationship with God through worship. The conversation also touches on the humanistic nature of Islam, its adaptability, and the gradual approach to religious practice. The hosts answer questions about the criteria for being a Muslim and the significance of the declaration of faith.

Takeaways

• 🌟 The term 'religion' is derived from the Arabic word 'din', which signifies a relationship between two parties, one higher in status.
• 📚 Religion encompasses belief in a supreme power, expectation of divine retribution, and a relationship with God, reflected in worship practices.
• 🕌 In Islam, religion is perfected and cannot be added to, as stated in the Quran, contrasting with secular education which can continue to expand.
• 📖 The Quran and authentic Hadith form the basis of Islam, with interpretations evolving to align with societal and cultural developments.
• 🔍 The understanding of religion can vary greatly, with some focusing on the spiritual, others on the practical aspects of worship.
• 🧘‍♂️ Islam emphasizes a balance between spirituality and humanity, with flexibility to accommodate different life circumstances.
• 🌱 The concept of 'fitrah', or innate human disposition towards monotheism, is highlighted as a fundamental aspect of human nature.
• 🤔 The script discusses the importance of not only believing in God's power but also in the expectation of divine justice in the afterlife.
• 🙏 Even individuals who commit sins can be considered Muslim as long as they declare the Shahada, the Islamic declaration of faith.
• 🌐 The script calls for a comprehensive understanding of Islam that goes beyond just the Quranic verses and Hadith, encouraging learning through various teachings.

Q & A

What is the meaning of the word 'agama' in the context of the script?

In the script, 'agama' is explained as a term derived from the Arabic language, where it is composed of the root letters Dal, Ya, and Nun, symbolizing a relationship between two parties, the one who is owed and the one who owes. It is further discussed that all religions must believe in a supreme power and a reckoning day, and this belief is reflected in the practice of worship.

What are the three fundamental aspects of religion according to the script?

The script outlines three fundamental aspects of religion: belief in a supreme power, the desire for retribution, and the practice of worship (ibadah).

How does the script describe the completeness of Islam?

The script states that Islam is complete and perfect, as indicated by the Quranic verse 'al-yaum akmaltu lakum dinakum' which means 'Today I have perfected your religion for you.' It implies that Islam is not something that can be added to or improved upon.

What is the importance of the term 'Din Maliki' mentioned in the script?

The term 'Din Maliki' refers to the relationship between the one who is owed and the one who owes, and it is used to illustrate the concept of accountability in the context of religion.

How does the script differentiate between 'agama', 'ilmu agama', and 'pengamalan agama'?

The script differentiates these terms by explaining that 'agama' refers to the religion itself, 'ilmu agama' refers to the study and interpretation of religious texts, and 'pengamalan agama' refers to the practical application or practice of the religion.

What is the significance of the phrase 'Ashadu Alla ilahaillallah' in Islam as per the script?

The phrase 'Ashadu Alla ilahaillallah' is significant as it is the declaration of faith in Islam, and the script emphasizes that anyone who sincerely utters this phrase is considered a Muslim, regardless of their sins.

How does the script address the concept of ease in Islam?

The script mentions that Islam is characterized by ease and not burden. It provides the example that if something is difficult and cannot be done, there is permission to not do it, as religion is for the benefit of humans, not a burden.

What does the script suggest about the gradual nature of religious practice?

The script suggests that Islam is a religion that is meant to be practiced gradually, allowing individuals to progress at their own pace until they reach a satisfactory level of practice.

How does the script relate the concept of humanity in Islam?

The script relates the concept of humanity in Islam by stating that Islam is not only about divine aspects but also about human aspects, such as the importance of mercy and the allowance for gradual change in religious practice.

What is the script's stance on the universality of Islam?

The script suggests that Islam is universal in nature, applicable to all people regardless of their cultural or societal backgrounds.

How does the script explain the concept of fitrah in relation to belief in God?

The script explains that fitrah refers to the innate disposition that humans are born with, which inclines them towards monotheism and belief in God.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Understanding Religion

The first paragraph introduces the topic of religion and its importance. The host, Najla Syihab, engages in a discussion with Abi Quraisy Shab on a new show on Metro TV. They delve into the meaning of 'religion' (agama), dissecting the term to explain its components. In Islam, 'religion' is referred to as 'din', which signifies a relationship of mutual exchange, like that between a creditor and debtor. The concept of 'Din Maliki' is introduced, which refers to the Day of Reckoning and the relationship between the one who gives and the one who receives. The paragraph emphasizes the belief in a supreme power, Allah, and the relationship humans should have with this power, reflected in worship (ibadah). The discussion also touches on the completeness of Islam as a religion, as revealed in the Quran and authentic hadiths, and the importance of understanding and interpreting religious texts correctly.

05:00

🌟 The Essence of Islam

This paragraph continues the conversation on Islam, focusing on its core principles. The discussion highlights the importance of surrendering oneself to God and the concept of 'Islam' as a submission to the divine will. The paragraph discusses the practical aspects of being a Muslim, such as the balance between religious obligations and human compassion. It also addresses the idea of religion being easy and not burdensome, with examples of how Islam provides flexibility in practice. The conversation emphasizes the gradual nature of religious understanding and practice, suggesting that one's journey in Islam is a progressive one, moving towards a satisfying level of faith and practice.

10:03

🙏 Belief and Repentance

The third paragraph explores the human inclination towards belief in a higher power and the desire for retribution. It discusses how Islam views the innate human nature and the universal characteristics of the faith. The conversation includes the idea that despite one's sins, as long as they declare the Shahada (the Islamic declaration of faith), they are considered a Muslim. The paragraph also touches on the concept of gradual change in religious practice, such as how new Muslims can be advised to quit harmful habits like drinking alcohol gradually rather than being forced into immediate abstinence.

15:31

🕌 The Criteria of Being a Muslim

In the final paragraph, the discussion turns to the criteria for determining whether someone is a Muslim or not. It emphasizes that a person remains a Muslim as long as they declare the Shahada, even if they are sinful. The conversation also addresses the interconnectedness of belief in God's power, the relationship with God, and the expectation of justice in the afterlife. The paragraph concludes with a reminder that being a Muslim is not just about seeking justice in the afterlife but also about believing in God's power and maintaining a relationship with the divine through worship and faith.

Keywords

💡Islam

Islam is a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. In the video, Islam is discussed as a complete way of life that encompasses faith, worship, and daily practices. It is mentioned as a religion that is perfect and unchangeable, emphasizing the importance of surrendering oneself to God and living a life in accordance with Islamic teachings.

💡Agama

Agama, in Indonesian, translates to 'religion' in English. The video script discusses agama as a system of faith and worship that involves a relationship with a higher power and the expectation of a day of reckoning. It is used to explain the concept of religion in the context of Islam, emphasizing the belief in a supreme being and the afterlife.

💡Ibadah

Ibadah refers to acts of worship in Islam. The script uses this term to describe the practices that Muslims perform to maintain their relationship with God, such as prayer, fasting, and charity. It is highlighted as a fundamental part of being a Muslim and a way to reflect one's faith.

💡Fitrah

Fitrah is an Islamic concept referring to the natural disposition or purity of human nature. The video mentions Fitrah in the context of humans being created with an innate tendency to believe in God. This concept is used to explain the universality of the belief in a higher power.

💡Shahadat

Shahadat is the declaration of faith in Islam, which is 'There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah.' The script emphasizes that even if a person has committed many sins, as long as they declare the Shahadat, they are considered a Muslim. This highlights the importance of faith in defining one's identity as a Muslim.

💡Din

Din, as used in the script, refers to the Arabic term for 'religion' and is connected to the concept of a system of beliefs and practices that govern a person's life. It is mentioned in the context of the Quranic verse that Islam is a complete and perfected religion, indicating that it is a comprehensive guide for living.

💡Akmal

Akmal in Arabic means 'perfect' or 'complete.' The video uses this term to describe the state of Islam as a religion that is complete and does not require any addition or alteration. It is used to emphasize the finality and completeness of the Islamic faith.

💡Quran

The Quran is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. In the script, the Quran is mentioned as the source of Islamic teachings and the basis for understanding the religion. It is highlighted as the perfect text that guides Muslims in their faith and practices.

💡Hadith

Hadith refers to the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. The video script mentions Hadith in the context of understanding Islam, alongside the Quran. It is noted that the Hadith provides practical examples and explanations of how to live according to Islamic teachings.

💡Tahajud

Tahajud is the practice of performing voluntary prayers during the night in Islam. Although not explicitly mentioned in the script, it can be inferred as part of the broader discussion on ibadah and the various acts of worship that Muslims perform to strengthen their relationship with God.

💡Kemauan

Kemauan, which translates to 'desire' or 'will' in English, is mentioned in the context of the human desire for justice and retribution in the afterlife. The script discusses how people may act with the expectation of divine judgment and reward or punishment, which is a driving force behind the practice of religion.

Highlights

Introduction to the show 'Memahami Islam' with hosts Najla Syihab and Abi Quraisy Shab.

Discussion on the importance of understanding the true meaning of religion.

Explanation of the word 'agama' in the Indonesian language, breaking it down to its root words.

Definition of 'agama' in the context of the Quran, relating it to the concept of Din.

Explanation of the relationship between the concepts of 'Din', 'Maliki', and 'Yaumiddin'.

Description of 'agama' as a connection between humans and a higher power, referred to as God.

Mention of the three essential elements of religion: belief, worship, and the expectation of a Day of Reckoning.

Emphasis on the completeness of Islam as a religion, as revealed in the Quran.

Differentiation between the concepts of 'agama', 'ilm al-agama' (knowledge of religion), and 'amal al-agama' (practice of religion).

Discussion on the development of religious interpretation and its impact on society.

Highlighting the人性化 and universal nature of Islam, including the concept of ease within religious practice.

Explanation of the gradual nature of religious practice and the importance of progression.

Discussion on the importance of not burdening individuals with religious practices that are too difficult.

The concept of moderation in Islam and the Prophet's guidance on choosing the easier of two options.

The idea that Islam is not about burdening people but rather guiding them towards a satisfying spiritual level.

Discussion on the gradual approach to religious practice, such as advising new converts to Islam to quit drinking alcohol gradually.

Emphasis on the declaration of faith (Shahada) as the key to being considered a Muslim, even if one has committed many sins.

Exploration of the human inclination towards belief in a higher power from birth.

Discussion on the relationship between belief in God's power and the expectation of justice in the afterlife.

The criteria for determining if someone is a Muslim, focusing on the declaration of faith rather than their actions.

Transcripts

[Musik]

asalamualaikum warahmatullahi

wabarakatuh Terima kasih semua sudah

hadir ep pertama Dar memahami is

bers saya semua pemirsa sudah sama

bersemangatnya seperti saya Najla syihab

yang kali ini kembali mendapat

kehormatan untuk belajar bersama dengan

Abi Quraisy shab di acara baru di Metro

TV ini Asalamualaikum Abi Waalaikumsalam

warahmatullah mau tanya apa kabar tapi

ketemu setiap hari gitu jadi

mudah-mudahan kabarnya semua yang sedang

menonton dalam kondisi sehat dan juga ee

mengalami ee masa-masa yang tidak sulit

di rumah ataupun di lingkungan

masing-masing hari ini kita mendapat

kesempatan untuk membahas topik yang

sebetulnya sangat penting Abi Apa itu

agama apa itu beragama banyak yang

mungkin belum paham E atau mungkin

pemahamannya belum utuh dan benar Abi

boleh diterangkan Abi dimulai dari situ

Apa itu agama sebetulnya I Baiklah kita

mengambil sedikit gambaran kalau kita

ke bahasa Ada yang berkata agama itu

terdiri dari kata A dan GAM A itu tidak

agama itu kacau tidak kacau tidak kacau

orang yang kacau itu tidak beragama Oke

hubungannya semuanya baik Indah tertib

kehidupannya itu satu kalau dalam bahasa

al-quran agama itu dinamai din din din

itu huruf-huruf yang terdiri dari Dal ya

dan Nun itu menggambarkan hubungan dua

pihak pembalasan dinamai Din Maliki

yaumiddin pemilik Hari pembalasan ada

hubungan antara yang membalas dan yang

dibalas yang membalas lebih tinggi

kedudukannya kemudian daain hutang ada

hubungan antara debitor dan

kreditor yang memberi lebih tinggi Nah

datang agama ada hubungan antara

kekuatan yang diyakini sangat Dahsyat

yang mempengaruhi atau yang dapat

mempengaruhi kehidupan setiap yang

beragama kekuatan itulah yang dinamai

Tuhan dan ada hubungan dengannya

hubungan itulah yang tercermin dalam

ibadah unsurnya yang ketiga adalah

percaya ada Hari

pembalasan semua agama semua agama lag

semua agama harus percaya ada kekuatan

yang maha

dahsyat harus percaya bahwa ada

pembalasan tuhan baik dan buruk dan

harus ada hubungan antara seseorang

dengan Tuhannya siapapun dia dalam Islam

itulah yang kita namai ibadah itu

agama agama

ini menurut dalam Islam menurut

al-qur'an itu dinyatakannya alyauma

akmaltuakum dinakum itu ayat turun pada

tanggal 9

Zulhijah 3 bulan sebelum nabi wafat hari

ini telah

kusempurnakan

agamamu Kata Akmal itu sempurna itu

adalah sesuatu yang tidak bisa bertambah

lagi berbeda dengan

tamat tamat SD masih bisa berlanjut ya

SMP

tamat SMP masih bisa berlanjut ya ah

kalau itu tamat kalau agama dinyatakan

Tuhan

akmalakumakum kalau nikmat dikatakannya

atmamtu karena nikmat Bisa bertambah

terus tidak ada akhirnya nikmat Allah

yang dapat diberikan kepada seseorang

tapi agama sudah sempurna nah agama ini

adalah teks

al-quran dan hadis-hadis yang yang sahih

itu

agama pembahasan tentang Makna teks-teks

tersebut itu dinamai ilmu

agama ilmu agama

berkembang penafsiran

berkembang keliru Anda kalau memahami

penafsiran seseorang ulama lantas

meyakini bahwa itu pasti benar Lalu Anda

berkata menyangkut penafsiran ulama

bahwa itu salah atau pasti salah

sehingga dia keluar dari agama

tidak agama sempurna Quran dan hadis

penafsirannya berkembang terusmenerus

berkembang sesuai dengan perkembangan

masyarakat terusmenerus berkembang

sesuai dengan pemikiran manusia

terus-menerus berkembang akibat

perbedaan budaya jadi

bermacam-macam pemahaman agama ada yang

ketiga ya pelaksanaan

agama boleh jadi satu orang Paham agama

Alim Kiai besar tapi pengamalan agamanya

kurang bisa jadi ada satu orang tidak

mengerti ilmu agama dengan mendalam tapi

keberagamaannya luar biasa hebat Jadi

harus ada tiga dibedakan

agama ilmu agama dan Pengamalan agama

itu saya kira ya iya iya dan

mudah-mudahan justru lewat proses

belajar seperti ini ya Abi pada akhirnya

kita memahami Islam secara lebih utuh

dan juga Insyaallah bisa mengamalkannya

dengan lebih baik jangan ke mana-mana

dulu pemirsa kami akan kembali tetap di

memahami Islam bersama Muhammad

[Musik]

quraisyab nah eh

Islam itu dari akar

kata yang berarti penyerahan diri kepada

Tuhan

Anda harus menyerahkan diri sepenuhnya

kepada

[Musik]

Tuhan terima kasih pemirsa masih setia

menyaksikan memahami Islam bersama m

quraisyihab tadi Abi sudah menguraikan

unsur-unsur penting dalam

Anda menolaknya itu namanya anda tidak

Islam apa yang bersifat pasti itu kita

ambil satu contoh keesaan

Tuhan kalau seorang

dokter wajib salat

Jumat Tapi kalau ada pasien yang harus

dioperasi pada saat waktunya salat Jumat

bagaimana dia pergi salat atau dia

operasi pas kemanusiaan anak ini Ini

salah satu ciri utama dari ajaran Islam

karena itu ciri yang lain

kemudahan kalau itu sulit Anda lakukan

tidak mungkin anda lakukan maka ada izin

untuk tidak melakukannya karena agama

buat manusia bukan manusia buat

agama dan ini dan ini karakteristik

ajaran Islam yang seperti ini yang yang

sebetulnya menunjukkan bahwa bukan hanya

ada unsur-unsur ketuhanan gitu ya tapi

ada unsur kemanusiaan kemudian juga ee

alam gitu Ya sifatnya yang universal dan

tadi abi sempat Katakan tidak

memberatkan itu juga bagian dari unsur e

bagaimana kita menjalankan agama Islam

ini karena tidak memberatkan maka

rumusnya begini

Eh kalau

ada dua

hal satu memberatkan satu ringan dua-dua

nya boleh pilih yang

mana pilih yang ringan begitulah Rasul

Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Jadi bukan

Justru itu yang menjalankan e

karakteristik e agama ini g Karena

karena ada ada ciri yang lain yaitu

moderasi gitu yang yang memang juga

berkaitan dengan pilihan-pilihan itu

kita cari yang ini jadi banyak sekali

banyak sekali itu ciri-ciri bertahap

bertahap agama ini juga bertahap Oh

belum bisa begini sekarang udahlah

pelan-pelan bertahap seingga mencapai

tingkat yang memuaskan ada orang baru

masuk Islam terbiasa minum minuman keras

apa lantas kita harus berkata stop itu

memberatkan

dia maka lahir apa yang diistirahkan

tadaru dan itu kata ulama masih berlaku

sekarang karena dulu begitu oke pasti

banyak pertanyaan nih Bi Eh yang ingin

dielaborasi lebih jauh dari ur ini

tetapi kita harus e Jedah sejenak

pemirsa jangan ke mana-mana tetap di

memahami Islam bersama m

[Musik]

quraisyi karena itu orang yang berdosa

bagaimanapun selama dia mengucapkan di

hadapan orang lain bahwa saya Ashadu

Alla ilahaillallah dia muslim Walaupun

dia bergelimang dosa

[Musik]

[Musik]

Terima kasih masih terus bergabung

belajar bersama saya najl syihab dan Abi

m Qurais Shihab di acara memahami Islam

bersama m quraisihab ada beberapa

pertanyaan yang sudah kami terima e

lewat media sosial tapi boleh ya saya

yang nanya duluan El dulu yang nanya

tadi ingin elaborasi soal ee unsur-unsur

agama eh percaya pada kekuatan yang e

Maha Kuasa kemudian juga keinginan

mendapat pembalasan elah ingat Abi

pernah Jelaskan dan banyak yang mengutip

juga bahwa dari lahir sebetulnya manusia

itu sudah punya kecenderungan percaya

gitu ya Bi Nah itu bagaimana Bih

menjelaskannya kemudian berkaitan dengan

yang kedua tadi mengharapkan balasan

yang timal ada orang-orang yang mungkin

dalam beragama ini apa ya Ee menjalani

dunia tahu bahwa di dunia itu enggak ada

adil tapi ada dorongan nanti saya balas

kalau udah di akhirat mengharapkan

keadilan yang sempurna di hari kemudian

itu boleh enggak Bih melakukan hal yang

seperti itu kita kita Jawab yang pertama

dulu eh dalam pandangan

al-qur'an manusia diciptakan Allah

membawa

Fitrah ketuhanan sudah percaya itu itu

sebabnya menurut

penelitian-penelitian sebenarnya

ee kepercayaan tentang keesaan Allah itu

mendahului kepercayaan tentang banyak

Tuhan banyak penelitian dan itu

dibuktikan oleh penelitian

Biar Tuhan juga tidak menuntut tidak mau

ambil hak Anda untuk memerintahkan Anda

maafkan dia tetapi dalam agama Islam

Tuhan menuntut anda

memaafkan karena anda akan mendapatkan

lebih banyak dari itu Oke jadi enggak

bisa dipisah-pisahkan ya teman-teman

antara percaya pada kekuasaan dan

kekuatan Tuhan kemudian ee hubungan kita

dengan Tuhan tadi ketekunan beribadah

dan keyakinan kita bahwa akan ada

keadilan di akhirat nanti itu semuanya

saling berhubungan sebetulnya Jangan

cuma mau beragama karena saya mau

keadilan di akhirat gitu enggak bisa

enggak percaya pada kekuasaan Tuhan Nah

mudah-mudahan sudah lebih jelas untuk

semua nah ini ada pertanyaan dari e

pemirsa Bi di sosial media Bagaimana Abi

kita mengetahui apakah seseorang itu

sudah masuk islam atau masih Islam nah

ini karena kadang-kadang Ya itu dia

bukan muslim gitu kan Bi atau udah udah

enggak termasuk golongan kita Nah itu

kadang kala mudah Tuh Bi kita melabel

atau mengucapkan hal-hal seperti itu Nah

kriterianya apa sesungguhnya baik eh

kita lihat dulu kita dalam Islam ada

yang

orang yang berdosa

bagaimanapun selama dia mengucapkan di

hadapan orang lain bahwa saya Ashadu

Alla ilahaillallah waad dia muslim

Walaupun dia bergelimang

dosa jadi kita jangan gampang-gampang

mengkafirkan orang selama dia Ucapkan

dua kalimat syahadat dia Muslim

iya semoga ee mengikuti acara ini

belajar bersama lewat uraian-uraian Abi

membantu kita untuk memahami Islam bukan

hanya dalam konteks apa yang ada di

al-qur'an atau yang dicontohkan dalam

sunah nabi tetapi

[Musik]

Metro TV