Bagaimana Agroforestri Bisa Menyelamatkan Lahan Pertanian Tandus di Pantai Gading | DW Inovator

DW Indonesia

19 Dec 202204:36

Summary

TLDRThis video discusses the dangers of deforestation and monoculture practices, which have degraded soil in countries like Ivory Coast. Agroforestry, or 'Wana Tani,' offers a sustainable solution by integrating various tree species to restore soil fertility and protect crops like cacao. It highlights a project in Ivory Coast where farmers use this method, combating issues like climate change and poor soil quality. In Indonesia and Ghana, similar agroforestry practices are helping boost carbon absorption and crop production. The video also showcases how local farmers have adopted organic composting techniques, leading to more sustainable and cost-effective farming.

Takeaways

🌳 Deforestation and monoculture farming have the potential to damage soil, making it barren and degraded.
🌱 Agroforestry, or 'wanatani,' is one of the efforts being made to save degraded lands by integrating tree species with crops.
🌍 A successful agroforestry project in Côte d'Ivoire has helped save a 1.7-hectare farm from destruction, with diverse tree species including cacao trees.
🌿 Trees like emian, which produce high-quality wood, support cacao trees by maintaining a balanced ecosystem and preventing soil degradation.
⚠️ Côte d'Ivoire has lost over 80% of its forest cover in the past 50 years due to intensive monoculture farming, leading to soil damage from pesticides and climate change.
🔥 Rising temperatures and erratic rainfall due to climate change are exacerbating crop failures and threatening farmers' livelihoods.
👩‍🔬 A professor of ecology from Abidjan warns that the country is in a state of emergency regarding land degradation, and farmers’ futures are at risk.
🧑‍🌾 Women cassava farmers in the village of Besatsin are experimenting with sustainable farming methods, like planting trees to maintain healthy cassava crops despite poor soil conditions.
🌾 Sustainable agricultural training is being offered in Yamoussoukro, focusing on mineral fertilization, biocomposting, and better pesticide use.
🇮🇩 Agroforestry is being implemented in Indonesia, particularly in Southeast Sulawesi, benefiting both the environment by increasing carbon absorption and farmers' production efficiency.

Q & A

What is agroforestry, and how is it helping to restore degraded land in Ivory Coast?
-Agroforestry is a sustainable farming method that involves planting trees alongside crops. In Ivory Coast, it is helping to restore degraded land by promoting biodiversity and improving soil quality, which benefits crops like cocoa and helps protect the environment.
Why has moniculture farming led to soil degradation in Ivory Coast?
-Monoculture farming, which involves growing a single type of crop such as cocoa, rubber, or palm oil, has led to soil degradation due to the overuse of land, intensive pesticide usage, and a lack of biodiversity. This results in soil depletion and increased vulnerability to climate-related issues.
What are the specific challenges caused by climate change that farmers in Ivory Coast are facing?
-Farmers in Ivory Coast are facing challenges from rising temperatures and irregular rainfall patterns due to climate change, which are negatively affecting crop yields and making it harder to predict growing conditions.
How are women farmers in Ivory Coast addressing the challenges of poor soil quality and climate change?
-Women farmers in Ivory Coast are experimenting with agroforestry techniques, including planting trees alongside cassava crops. This helps improve soil fertility and reduces the impact of diseases and poor soil conditions caused by climate change.
What role do NGOs play in promoting sustainable farming practices in Ivory Coast?
-NGOs provide training and support to farmers in Ivory Coast, helping them adopt sustainable farming practices such as agroforestry, bio-composting, and better pest management. This helps improve crop yields and environmental resilience.
What are the economic and environmental benefits of agroforestry for farmers?
-Agroforestry offers both economic and environmental benefits. Economically, it increases production through improved soil health, reducing the need for expensive inputs like chemical fertilizers. Environmentally, it enhances carbon sequestration, promotes biodiversity, and helps restore degraded land.
How does the practice of bio-composting benefit farmers in terms of cost and productivity?
-Bio-composting allows farmers to produce organic fertilizers by using animal manure, grass, and ash, significantly reducing production costs and improving soil health. This leads to better crop yields and reduces dependence on expensive chemical fertilizers.
What evidence suggests that agroforestry is improving soil health in the regions where it is practiced?
-Farmers practicing agroforestry have reported improvements in soil health, as evidenced by healthier crops, the presence of earthworms, and better soil structure. These signs indicate that the soil is becoming more fertile and capable of supporting sustainable agriculture.
How is agroforestry being implemented in Indonesia, and what are its benefits?
-In Indonesia, agroforestry is practiced in regions like Southeast Sulawesi. It helps increase carbon absorption, supports biodiversity, and improves crop productivity, making it both environmentally and economically beneficial.
What long-term impact could agroforestry have on farming in Ivory Coast?
-In the long term, agroforestry could transform farming in Ivory Coast by making it more sustainable and resilient to climate change. It will restore soil fertility, increase biodiversity, and help farmers adapt to changing environmental conditions, ultimately ensuring food security and economic stability.

Outlines

00:00

🌳 The Rise of Agroforestry to Combat Land Degradation

Deforestation and monoculture farming have led to soil degradation and land destruction. However, efforts such as agroforestry, known locally as 'Wana Tani', are being made to restore barren lands. One successful project in Côte d'Ivoire uses agroforestry to save 1.7 hectares of farmland by planting various tree species like cocoa and emian trees. The trees not only provide valuable resources, such as high-quality timber, but also protect crops like cocoa by offering shade and stability. Monoculture practices of crops like cocoa, rubber, and palm oil have drastically transformed the Ivorian landscape, causing the country to lose over 80% of its forest cover in the last 50 years. The extensive use of pesticides has also damaged the soil, while climate change exacerbates the issue with irregular weather patterns and rising temperatures, threatening crop yields.

🌍 Urgent Need for Sustainable Land Restoration in Côte d'Ivoire

A professor of ecology in Abidjan highlights that Côte d'Ivoire is in a state of environmental emergency, with the future of farmers at risk. Research indicates severe soil degradation across the country, with a sustainable solution being soil restoration. By employing sustainable techniques, barren lands can be transformed into fertile farming grounds. This is essential for the long-term survival of agriculture in the region.

👩‍🌾 Women Farmers Innovate to Save Cassava Crops

In the village of Besatsin, female farmers growing cassava have turned to agroforestry with the support of a local NGO to combat worsening soil conditions. Due to poor soil and the impacts of climate change, cassava crops, which must be replanted yearly, are increasingly prone to diseases. To counter this, the women have started experimenting with growing trees in their fields. This initiative helps secure healthier cassava yields without the need to relocate their crops, thereby promoting more sustainable land use.

🌱 Promoting Sustainable Farming Methods in Yamoussoukro

Further north in Yamoussoukro, another initiative aims to enhance sustainable farming practices. The European Institute for Cooperation and Development provides training on methods such as mineral fertilization, biocompost application, and improved pesticide use. These efforts are helping farmers to adopt more environmentally friendly agricultural techniques, ensuring better crop yields and long-term soil health.

🍫 Global Cocoa Supply and Agroforestry’s Benefits in Indonesia

Indonesia, Côte d'Ivoire, and Ghana together supply 70% of the world's cocoa. In Indonesia, agroforestry is being implemented in places like Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, to improve both the environment and crop yields. The practice helps sequester carbon, making it beneficial for the environment, while also boosting agricultural productivity. Farmers who receive training in agroforestry techniques can significantly reduce production costs and increase their incomes.

🌾 Agroforestry Success in Reducing Production Costs

A farmer who received training in agroforestry over the past two years now produces organic compost using chicken manure, weeds, and ash. By applying this homemade fertilizer to his vegetable crops, he has successfully reduced his production costs by half. The improved soil quality, indicated by its color and the presence of earthworms, shows that sustainable farming practices are effective and affordable, offering hope for long-term agricultural productivity.

🌿 Agroforestry Training is Transforming Farming in Côte d'Ivoire

Over the past three years, 250 farmers have received training in agroforestry techniques. These farmers are expected to play a significant role in transforming agriculture in Côte d'Ivoire into a more sustainable industry. By adopting agroforestry practices, they can restore degraded lands, improve crop yields, and contribute to a healthier environment.

📣 Engage with Agroforestry: Share, Comment, and Subscribe

The video encourages viewers in Indonesia and beyond to share their experiences with agroforestry, inviting them to leave comments and engage with the content. It also reminds viewers to like, share, and subscribe to DW Indonesia’s YouTube channel for more information on sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Deforestation

Deforestation refers to the large-scale clearing of forests, often for agricultural or industrial purposes. In the video, deforestation is a critical issue in Côte d'Ivoire, where intensive farming practices like monoculture have transformed the landscape. Over 80% of the country’s forest cover has been lost in the past 50 years, contributing to environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity.

💡Monoculture

Monoculture is the agricultural practice of growing a single crop species over a large area for consecutive years. The video highlights how monoculture—specifically of crops like cacao, rubber, and palm oil—has led to soil depletion and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases in Côte d'Ivoire, contributing to long-term land degradation.

💡Agroforestry

Agroforestry is the practice of integrating trees and shrubs into agricultural land to create a more sustainable farming system. In the video, agroforestry is shown as a promising solution to land degradation, with examples from Côte d'Ivoire and Indonesia where farmers have adopted this method to restore soil fertility and increase biodiversity. This practice not only benefits the environment but also helps improve crop yields.

💡Land Degradation

Land degradation refers to the decline in soil quality and productivity, often due to poor farming practices, deforestation, and climate change. The video stresses that land degradation in Côte d'Ivoire has reached alarming levels, affecting agricultural productivity. This degradation has been exacerbated by intensive pesticide use and poor land management, further endangering the livelihoods of local farmers.

💡Climate Change

Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and weather patterns, largely due to human activities like deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. In the video, it is mentioned as a factor aggravating the challenges faced by farmers in Côte d'Ivoire, causing irregular rainfall and higher temperatures, which disrupt crop production.

💡Sustainable Farming

Sustainable farming refers to agricultural practices that seek to maintain or enhance environmental health, economic profitability, and social equity. In the video, agroforestry is presented as a sustainable farming technique that helps farmers restore degraded land, reduce reliance on chemical inputs, and promote long-term productivity.

💡Soil Fertility

Soil fertility is the ability of soil to sustain plant growth by providing essential nutrients. The video highlights that the soil in Côte d'Ivoire has been severely degraded due to overuse of pesticides and monoculture, leading to a loss of fertility. Agroforestry is shown as a method to restore soil fertility by promoting biodiversity and reducing chemical dependency.

💡Pesticides

Pesticides are chemicals used to kill pests that harm crops. However, the video points out that the intensive use of pesticides in Côte d'Ivoire has contributed to soil degradation and environmental harm. Sustainable alternatives, like organic compost and natural pest control methods, are encouraged to mitigate these effects.

💡Compost

Compost is decomposed organic matter used as a natural fertilizer to enrich soil. In the video, a farmer in Indonesia is shown using organic compost made from chicken manure, weeds, and ash to improve his vegetable crops. This method not only enhances soil health but also reduces production costs by cutting down on chemical fertilizer use.

💡Restoration

Restoration refers to efforts to repair and rejuvenate ecosystems that have been damaged or degraded. The video highlights how agroforestry and sustainable farming practices are helping to restore degraded land in Côte d'Ivoire. This process is critical for reversing the negative effects of deforestation and unsustainable agriculture, allowing farmers to regain productive use of their land.

Highlights

Deforestation and monoculture farming practices are making the land barren and degraded, but agroforestry offers a solution.

Agroforestry, or 'Wana Tani', is being used in Côte d'Ivoire to restore degraded agricultural land, highlighting the success of a project that saved 1.7 hectares of farmland.

Farmers plant a mix of species, including cacao trees, using a method called agroforestry to sustain the land and prevent its degradation.

Agroforestry includes planting valuable trees like the emian tree, which provides high-quality wood, alongside other species that protect cacao trees.

Côte d'Ivoire has lost over 80% of its forest cover in the last 50 years due to monoculture farming of cacao, rubber, and palm oil, alongside pesticide overuse.

Intensive pesticide use has severely degraded the soil, further exacerbated by climate disruption causing extreme heat and erratic rainfall.

Local research shows the country's soil degradation has reached alarming levels, with sustainable soil restoration being a critical solution.

In a northern village in Côte d'Ivoire, women cassava farmers are experimenting with planting timber species to combat soil degradation and climate change.

These women aim to cultivate healthy cassava in the same plots year after year by incorporating sustainable methods and using remaining forest patches.

Farmers are being trained in sustainable farming techniques, such as mineral fertilization and using bio-compost to improve soil health and reduce costs.

Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Indonesia together contribute 70% of the world’s cacao supply, making sustainable farming practices in these regions crucial.

In Indonesia’s Southeast Sulawesi region, agroforestry has been implemented to boost both environmental health and economic productivity through carbon absorption and increased yield.

Farmers in Indonesia have adopted methods such as organic composting, using a mix of chicken manure, weeds, and ash to improve soil health and cut costs.

One Indonesian farmer has reduced his production costs by half using organic fertilizers, showing how these sustainable methods are financially beneficial.

Within the last three years, 250 farmers in Côte d'Ivoire have been trained in sustainable practices, with the long-term goal of transforming agriculture into a more sustainable industry.