10 November - Surabaya | Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Indonesia | IPS | SayaBisa

SayaBisa

10 Nov 202007:13

Summary

TLDRThe script recounts Indonesia's struggle for independence post-proclamation, focusing on the Battle of Surabaya. It details the arrival of British forces in Jakarta and Surabaya, the defiance of the Indonesian people against foreign control, and the subsequent conflict. The narrative emphasizes the bravery of Indonesian fighters, including students and military personnel, who fought against the British despite being outgunned. The Battle of Surabaya is commemorated on November 10th as Heroes' Day.

Takeaways

📱 The script introduces a new smartphone called 'geniorafone' aimed at children for safe digital interaction.
🏳️‍🌏 After Indonesia's proclamation of independence, some foreign powers still did not acknowledge its sovereignty.
🔥 The British forces landed in Jakarta led by General Christison, but were opposed by NICA, a Dutch-backed civilian government.
🗡️ NICA provided weapons to Kenil, Dutch-paid forces consisting of former Japanese prisoners.
👥 On October 25, 1945, British forces landed in Surabaya under Brigadier General Mallaby to maintain security with Indonesian forces.
🚨 The British forces attacked the Kali Sosok prison on October 26, 1945, led by Captain Seng, freeing Colonel Williard.
🏢 On October 27, British forces took control of strategic locations in Surabaya and distributed pamphlets demanding the return of weapons taken from the Japanese forces.
💥 From October 27 to 29, fierce fighting occurred between British forces and the people of Surabaya, with the British eventually losing control.
🔧 On October 30, after negotiations with President Soekarno and others, the British and Indonesia agreed to a ceasefire.
🗓️ On November 9, the British issued an ultimatum demanding the surrender of Indonesian weapons and leaders by 6 AM on November 10, 1945.
⚔️ The Indonesian side, including Governor of East Java and military leaders, rejected the ultimatum, leading to a major battle on November 10.

Q & A

What is the significance of the Geniorafone smartphone mentioned in the script?
-The Geniorafone smartphone is the first of its kind designed for children to interact safely with their family in the digital era.
What was the situation in Indonesia after the proclamation of independence?
-After the proclamation of Indonesia's independence, there were still foreign parties that did not acknowledge Indonesia's sovereignty, leading to continued resistance and struggle.
What was the role of the British forces in Jakarta upon their arrival on September 29, 1945?
-The British forces led by General Christison arrived in Jakarta and were met with resistance from the NICA, which was a civilian government formed by the Dutch and provided support to the Dutch forces.
Who were the Kenil soldiers mentioned in the script?
-The Kenil soldiers were Dutch colonial forces consisting of former Japanese prisoners of war.
What happened on October 25, 1945, in Surabaya?
-On October 25, 1945, British forces led by Brigadier General Robert E. H. 'Bertie' Mallaby arrived in Surabaya and agreed with the Indonesian government to maintain security.
What was the outcome of the first attack by the British forces on the Kali Sosok prison on October 26, 1945?
-The British forces led by Captain Seng successfully attacked the Kali Sosok prison and freed Colonel Williard, who was previously captured by the Japanese.
What did the British forces do after taking control of strategic locations in Surabaya on October 27, 1945?
-After taking control, the British forces distributed pamphlets demanding that the people of Surabaya and East Java surrender weapons taken from the Japanese forces.
What was the result of the fierce fighting between the British forces and the people of Surabaya from October 27 to 29, 1945?
-The fighting was intense, and the areas initially taken by the British were eventually recaptured by the people of Surabaya.
What was the outcome of the negotiations between President Soekarno, Muhammad Hatta, and Brigadier General Mallaby on October 30, 1945?
-Both parties agreed to cease hostilities on October 30, 1945, but a surprise attack occurred at the Bank Internasional building the same day, resulting in Brigadier General Mallaby's death.
What was the British ultimatum issued on November 9, 1945, and what was the response from the Indonesian side?
-The British issued an ultimatum demanding that Indonesian leaders and youths surrender their weapons and surrender by raising their hands by 6 am on November 10, 1945. The Governor of East Java and other figures agreed to reject the ultimatum, and the people were protected by the Indonesian security forces.
How long did the people of Surabaya resist the British forces after rejecting the ultimatum on November 10, 1945?
-The people of Surabaya successfully resisted the British forces' attack for three weeks despite being heavily outnumbered and outgunned.

Outlines

00:00

📱 Introduction to Daniorafone and Historical Background

The paragraph introduces a special smartphone called Daniorafone, designed for children to interact safely in the digital era. It then delves into Indonesian history, mentioning the struggle for independence post-proclamation, with a focus on the events in Surabaya. The British forces led by General Christison landed in Jakarta on September 29, 1945, and were opposed by the NICA, a Dutch-backed civilian government. The paragraph discusses the Dutch's use of former Japanese prisoners of war in the KNIL (Royal Netherlands Indies Army), leading to public outrage. It continues with the account of the British forces led by Brigadier General Mallaby arriving in Surabaya and the subsequent agreement with the Indonesian government to maintain security. However, the British forces attacked the Japanese forces and broke their promise, leading to intense fighting between the British and the people of Surabaya from October 27 to 29, 1945. The paragraph concludes with the British forces eventually losing control of Surabaya.

05:01

🏰 The Battle of Surabaya and its Aftermath

This paragraph continues the historical narrative by detailing the Battle of Surabaya, which escalated after the British issued an ultimatum on November 9, 1945, threatening to attack if the Indonesian leaders and youth did not surrender their weapons. The Governor of East Java and other leaders decided to reject the ultimatum, and the people were protected by the Indonesian security forces led by Colonel Sungkono and students led by Mas Iman. Despite being heavily outnumbered and outgunned, the Indonesian forces held off the British attacks for three weeks. The paragraph highlights the bravery of the Indonesian fighters who preferred death over subjugation. The British, surprised by the resistance, eventually moved their headquarters to a village after the death of Brigadier General Mallaby during fighting on November 10, 1945. The bravery of the people of Surabaya is commemorated every year on November 10 as Heroes' Day.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Geniorafone

Geniorafone seems to be a term coined for the context of the video, possibly referring to a 'smartphone for children'. It is mentioned as a device that allows children to interact safely with their family in the digital era. The term is used to introduce a product that is designed with the safety of children in mind, which is a central theme in the video as it discusses the importance of safety and protection in various contexts.

💡Proklamasi Indonesia

Proklamasi Indonesia refers to the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, a pivotal event on August 17, 1945, when Indonesia declared its independence from Dutch colonial rule. This keyword is integral to the video's theme as it sets the historical context for the subsequent discussion of the struggle for independence and the defense of sovereignty.

💡NICA

NICA stands for 'Nederlands-Indisch Civil Administratie' or Dutch Indies Civil Administration. It was a civilian administration established by the Dutch in the wake of World War II to reassert control over their former colonies. The mention of NICA in the script highlights the complex political dynamics following Indonesia's declaration of independence and the resistance faced from colonial powers.

💡KNIL

KNIL stands for 'Koninklijk Nederlands-Indisch Leger' or Royal Dutch Indies Army. It was composed of Dutch and indigenous soldiers and was used to maintain colonial rule. In the script, KNIL is mentioned in the context of being armed by NICA, which contributed to the anger of the Indonesian people and the ensuing conflict, underscoring the video's narrative of resistance against colonial forces.

💡Pasukan Inggris

Pasukan Inggris refers to the British forces mentioned in the script. Their arrival in Indonesia post-independence and their subsequent actions are key to understanding the video's narrative of the struggle for Indonesian independence. The British forces' involvement, including their initial agreement with Indonesian leaders and eventual betrayal, is a central part of the historical events being discussed.

💡Peristiwa Surabaya

Peristiwa Surabaya refers to the Battle of Surabaya, a significant conflict that took place in October 1945 between British forces and Indonesian nationalists. This keyword is crucial to the video's theme as it represents a critical moment in Indonesia's fight for independence, where the people of Surabaya resisted foreign intervention.

💡Pasukan Republik Indonesia

Pasukan Republik Indonesia refers to the Indonesian Republican forces, which were the military units fighting for an independent Indonesia. Their mention in the script is essential as it highlights the local resistance against foreign powers and their role in the struggle for independence.

💡Pemberontakan

Pemberontakan translates to 'uprising' or 'rebellion'. In the context of the video, it refers to the resistance movements that occurred in various regions of Indonesia following the declaration of independence. The term is used to describe the collective actions of the Indonesian people against foreign forces, which is a central theme of the video.

💡Ultimatum

Ultimatum, as used in the script, refers to the final demand or warning issued by the British forces to the Indonesian leaders to surrender their weapons and submit. This keyword is significant as it represents a turning point in the conflict, where the Indonesian side had to make a critical decision that would define their struggle for independence.

💡Pahlawan

Pahlawan translates to 'hero'. In the video, it is used to refer to the heroes of the Indonesian independence struggle, particularly those involved in the Battle of Surabaya. The term is used to honor the bravery and sacrifice of the individuals who fought for Indonesia's freedom, which is a central message of the video.

💡Pertempuran

Pertempuran translates to 'battle' or 'fight'. The script mentions several battles that took place during the struggle for Indonesian independence, emphasizing the violence and conflict that the Indonesian people faced in their pursuit of sovereignty. The term is used to describe the physical confrontations that are a key part of the historical narrative being discussed.

Highlights

Introduction of Daniorafone, the first smartphone designed for children to interact safely with their family in the digital era.

Historical context of Indonesia's struggle for independence post-proclamation, with foreign powers unwilling to acknowledge Indonesian sovereignty.

The British forces led by General Christison landing in Jakarta on September 29, 1945, and the subsequent tension with NICA.

NICA, the Dutch civil government, providing arms to Kenil, the Dutch colonial forces composed of former Japanese prisoners.

The British forces led by Brigadier General Mallaby arriving in Surabaya and the agreement to maintain security.

British forces breaking their promise and attacking the Kali Sosok prison on October 26, 1945.

The British forces taking control of strategic locations in Surabaya and demanding the Indonesian people to surrender weapons.

The intense battle between the British forces and the people of Surabaya from October 27 to 29, resulting in the recapture of the areas by the Indonesians.

The ceasefire agreement between Indonesia and the British forces on October 30, 1945.

The unexpected resumption of fighting at the Bank Internasional building on the same day, resulting in Brigadier General Mallaby's death.

The British ultimatum on November 9, 1945, demanding the surrender of Indonesian leaders and youth.

The rejection of the ultimatum by the Governor of East Java, military leaders, and the people, who were determined to defend their independence.

The outbreak of a large-scale war on November 10, with the British forces numbering 10,000.

The Indonesian resistance holding off the British attack for three weeks despite being armed with captured and makeshift weapons.

The relocation of the defense headquarters in Surabaya to the village of Lebani Waras due to the British pressure.

The commemoration of the heroism of the people of Surabaya every November 10 as Heroes' Day.

The willingness of the narrator to share more stories of the struggle in other regions.