RPH, CHAPTER 2: The KKK and The Kartilya ng Katipunan

Summary

This educational video delves into Philippine history, focusing on the Katipunan, a pivotal organization in the country's fight for independence from Spain. It outlines the Katipunan's two main objectives: unity among Filipinos and revolution for separation from Spanish rule. The video highlights the importance of the 'Kartilya', a document written by the young Emilio Jacinto, which serves as a code of conduct for Katipunan members, emphasizing values like unity, equality, and purpose-driven living. It also discusses the historical context, including previous regional revolts and the shift towards a national struggle for independence.

Takeaways

• 📜 The KKK, or Katipunan, was a significant revolutionary organization in Philippine history aimed at uniting Filipinos and achieving independence from Spain.
• 🔍 The primary goals of the KKK were the unity of the Filipino people and separation from Spain through revolution, as outlined by Bonifacio's writings.
• 🏳️‍🌈 Before the KKK, revolts like that of Diego Silang were regional and did not envision a unified Filipino nation against Spanish colonization.
• 📚 Propaganda movements led by ilustrados sought equal rights and protection from Spanish abuses, but did not aim for complete independence.
• 📖 The Kartilya, written by Emilio Jacinto at 18, served as a guiding document for the Katipunan, outlining a value system and code of conduct for its members.
• 👨‍🎓 Emilio Jacinto was a young law student at the University of Santo Tomas when he wrote the Kartilya, which was later favored by Bonifacio for distribution.
• 📝 The Kartilya's rules can be divided into two groups: those that shape an individual's character and those that guide interactions with fellow members.
• 🛡 The first rule of the Kartilya emphasizes living a purpose-driven life, highlighting the importance of goodness for its own sake.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Rule 10 of the Kartilya underscores the importance of leading one's family righteously, setting an example for others to follow.
• 🌟 The Kartilya's final rule reflects the author's hopeful vision for the Philippines, emphasizing that sacrifices made for the nation are not in vain.

Q & A

What is the primary focus of Chapter 2 in the course on Philippine history?

Chapter 2 focuses on the content and contextual analysis of selected primary sources in Philippine history.

What is the significance of the KKK in Philippine history?

The KKK, or Katipunan, is arguably the most important organization formed in Philippine history, aimed at achieving unity among Filipinos and separation from Spanish rule through revolution.

What were the two principal aims of the Katipunan as gathered from the writings of Bonifacio?

The two principal aims of the Katipunan were the unity of the Filipino people and the separation from Spain by means of revolution.

How did previous armed revolts differ from the Katipunan's approach to revolution?

Previous armed revolts, such as that led by Diego Silang, were focused on regional independence rather than a unified Filipino nation revolting against the colonizer.

What was the objective of the Propaganda Movement led by the ilustrados?

The Propaganda Movement, led by ilustrados, did not envision a total separation from Spain but demanded equal rights, representation, and protection from the abuses of the clergy.

Who wrote the Kartilya, and what was its original title?

The Kartilya was written by Emilio Jacinto, and its original title was 'Kartilya ng Katipunan' or 'Lessons of the Organization of the Sons of the Country'.

At what age did Emilio Jacinto write the Kartilya?

Emilio Jacinto wrote the Kartilya when he was 18 years old.

What was the role of the Kartilya within the Katipunan?

The Kartilya served as the governing document of the Katipunan, outlining the rules of conduct and acting as a code of behavior for its members.

How are the rules or code of conduct in the Kartilya classified?

The rules in the Kartilya are classified into two groups: the first group (rules 1 to 7) focuses on making the member an upright individual, while the second group (rules 8 to 14) guides how he treats his fellow men.

What does the Kartilya signify for the members of the Katipunan?

The Kartilya signifies a code of conduct that instructs Katipunan members on how to behave and which specific values to uphold, emphasizing character development, equality, honor, and service to the people.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Introduction to the Katipunan and its Aims

The video script opens with a discussion on Philippine history, focusing on the analysis of primary sources, particularly the Katipunan, a significant revolutionary organization in Philippine history. The script outlines the two main objectives of the Katipunan as unity of the Filipino people and separation from Spanish rule through revolution. It highlights the importance of unity as a key to independence and contrasts the Katipunan's nationwide focus with previous regional revolts, such as that of Diego Silang, who fought for the independence of Ilocos. The script also mentions the propaganda movement led by ilustrados, which sought equal rights and protection from Spanish abuses but did not aim for complete independence.

05:03

📚 The Propaganda Movement and the Katipunan's Ideology

Paragraph 2 delves into the propaganda movement led by ilustrados like Marcelo H. del Pilar, Mariano Lopez, and Jose Rizal. This movement, composed of educated Filipinos, sought reforms and equal rights within the Spanish colonial system rather than full independence. The script contrasts this with the Katipunan's more radical stance. It then introduces the Kartilya, a foundational document of the Katipunan written by Emilio Jacinto at the age of 18. The Kartilya defined the organization's values and goals, aiming to guide its members towards a collective objective of national unity and independence. The document's significance is emphasized, as it was favored by Andrés Bonifacio, the founder of the Katipunan, over an earlier draft.

10:03

🎓 Emilio Jacinto and the Kartilya's Influence

Paragraph 3 discusses Emilio Jacinto's role in the Katipunan, highlighting his youth and selflessness. Despite being only 24 years old, Jacinto was recognized for his intellect and was appointed by Bonifacio to distribute the Kartilya among fellow revolutionaries. The Kartilya served as a code of conduct, instructing members on how to behave and which values to uphold. Jacinto's early death at 24 is noted, along with his contributions to the revolution. The paragraph also provides biographical details about Jacinto and Bonifacio, emphasizing their dedication to the cause of Philippine independence.

15:05

📖 The Kartilya's Code of Conduct and Its Tenets

Paragraph 4 breaks down the Kartilya's rules into two groups: those that guide individual character development (rules 1-7) and those that dictate how members should interact with others (rules 8-14). The rules emphasize living a purpose-driven life, doing good for goodness' sake, kindness, equality, honor, reliability, valuing time, protecting the weak, confidentiality, leading one's family, respecting women, and practicing empathy. The Kartilya's final rule reflects on the author's hope for the nation's future, suggesting that sacrifices made for independence are not in vain.

20:07

🏛 Understanding the Katipunan's Values and Aspirations

The final paragraph summarizes the importance of understanding the Kartilya in grasping the Katipunan's values, aspirations, and ideology. It emphasizes the document's role in teaching members how to love their country and behave as good citizens. The script acknowledges that while interpretations of the Kartilya may vary, its overarching message is to guide individuals in living a meaningful life and treating others with the right attitude. The video concludes by encouraging viewers to appreciate the significance of the Kartilya's teachings.

Keywords

💡KKK

The 'KKK' refers to the Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan, or the 'Supreme and Venerable Association of the Sons of the People,' more commonly known as the Katipunan. It was a revolutionary society established in the Philippines in 1892, which sought Philippine independence from Spanish colonial rule. The organization played a significant role in the Philippine Revolution and is highlighted in the video as one of the most important primary sources for understanding Philippine history. The term is used throughout the script to discuss the formation, aims, and impact of the Katipunan on Philippine independence.

💡Bonifacio

Bonifacio, or Andrés Bonifacio, is a key figure in Philippine history and the founder of the Katipunan. He is mentioned in the script as someone who recognized the value and intellect of other members, such as Emilio Jacinto, and was instrumental in the distribution of the Kartilya, the organization's code of conduct. Bonifacio's leadership and the principles he stood for are central to the video's discussion on the Katipunan's objectives and values.

💡Kartilya

The 'Kartilya' is a document written by Emilio Jacinto that served as the code of conduct for the Katipunan. It outlines the rules and principles that members were expected to follow, emphasizing unity, integrity, and the pursuit of independence. The script discusses the Kartilya as a primary source that provides insight into the Katipunan's ideology and the values it sought to instill in its members.

💡Unity

Unity is a central theme in the video, particularly in relation to the Katipunan's goal of uniting the Filipino people against Spanish colonial rule. The script emphasizes that unity was seen as essential for the success of the revolution and for achieving independence. The term is used to illustrate the collective spirit and the need for solidarity among the Filipinos during the struggle for freedom.

💡Revolution

The term 'Revolution' is used in the script to describe the series of uprisings and movements aimed at overthrowing Spanish rule and achieving Philippine independence. The Katipunan's strategy involved armed revolts and the propagation of nationalist ideas, which are discussed in the context of the revolutionary activities led by Bonifacio and other Katipunan members.

💡Independence

Independence is a recurring concept in the video, signifying the ultimate goal of the Katipunan and the Philippine Revolution—to free the Philippines from Spanish colonial control. The script discusses the importance of independence as a driving force behind the formation of the Katipunan and the actions of its members.

💡Illustrados

The 'Illustrados' refers to a group of Filipino intellectuals and professionals who were educated in Europe and advocated for reforms within the Spanish colonial system. The script contrasts the Illustrados' approach, which focused on achieving equal rights and representation, with the more radical, independence-seeking stance of the Katipunan.

💡Propaganda Movement

The 'Propaganda Movement' was a reformist movement led by Filipino intellectuals like Marcelo H. del Pilar, Mariano Ponce, and others. The script mentions this movement as an earlier effort to demand equal rights and protection from Spanish abuses, which did not envision complete separation from Spain but laid some groundwork for the revolutionary ideas that the Katipunan later embraced.

💡Emilio Jacinto

Emilio Jacinto, mentioned in the script, was a young revolutionary and a key member of the Katipunan. He is credited with writing the Kartilya, which became the organization's guiding principles. Jacinto's early involvement and his contributions to the movement are highlighted to emphasize the importance of youth and intellectual commitment in the struggle for Philippine independence.

💡Code of Conduct

The 'Code of Conduct' refers to the set of rules and principles outlined in the Kartilya, which governed the behavior and actions of Katipunan members. The script discusses how these rules were designed to cultivate upright individuals and guide their interactions with fellow members and the broader society, reflecting the organization's values and aspirations.

💡Regional Revolts

The term 'Regional Revolts' is used in the script to describe uprisings that took place in various regions of the Philippines before the formation of the Katipunan. These revolts, such as the one led by Diego Silang, were localized and did not aim for national independence. The script contrasts these earlier, region-specific revolts with the Katipunan's nationwide push for independence.

Highlights

Introduction to the discussion on the Katipunan and the Kartilya晟s role in Philippine history.

The Katipunan as one of the most important organizations in Philippine history.

The two principal aims of the Katipunan: unity of the Filipino people and separation from Spain by revolution.

Emilio Jacinto's Kartilya晟s significance as a primary source and its authorship at a young age.

Bonifacio's recognition of Jacinto's intellect and the Kartilya晟s distribution among Katipunan members.

The Kartilya晟s function as a code of conduct for Katipunan members.

The Kartilya晟s classification into two groups: rules for individual character development and rules for interpersonal conduct.

The first rule of the Kartilya晟s emphasizing living a purpose-driven life.

The importance of doing good deeds for goodness' sake, not for fame or recognition.

Kindness in the Kartilya晟s is defined by love and service to the people.

Equality among Katipunan members, regardless of race or educational background.

Honor for a Katipunero means valuing it more than personal interests.

The importance of being a man of one's word in the Katipunan.

Time management and its significance in the Katipunan's operations.

The duty of Katipuneros to protect the weak and fight against oppression.

Confidentiality and the importance of trust in the Katipunan.

Leading one's family to the right path as a reflection of a Katipunero's character.

The respect and importance given to women in the Katipunan's values.

The Golden Rule in the Kartilya晟s: do not do to others what you do not want done to you.

The final rule of the Kartilya晟s highlighting the author's hope and love for the motherland.

Conclusion on the Kartilya晟s as a guide for living a purposeful and morally upright life.

Transcripts

greetings and good day everybody welcome

back to our course readings in

Philippine history and we are still in

our chapter 2 which which is all about

the content and contextual analysis of

selected primary sources in the

Philippine

history so we're done with our first

primary source discuss which was about

the The Voyage of maelen that was

written by Antonio Pega feta and our

next discussion so for anything else

this will be our learning objectives I

already uh presented this during our

discussion s expedition of melan so what

we will discuss we will be discussing

the KKK and the cartian kpan so this KKK

it is one of the primary

sources counter

sa chapter 2 so this is considered as

well as one of the most important

primary

sources uh IR

rely so our first discussion will be on

thek

or so what is

KKK

KKK

it

is

okay

KKK so KKK

or is arguably the most important

organization formed in the Philippine

history is the important group that was

uh created in the history of the

Philippines and

freedom from Spanish okay next is that

there are two principal aims of the

KKK as gathered from the writings of

bonasio first

is unity of the Filipino people and

separation from Spain by means of

revolutions

so about the unity of the Filipino

people so Unity of the whole Filipino

nation and if

dity

or United

then T successful against Spaniards okay

and we have to be United as a

nation because Unity is the key towards

[Music]

independence

Isa aims s KKK is the unity of the whole

Filipino

Nation successful

againsts next is the separation from

Spain by means of Revolution so uh we no

I Malaya under castill

castillia

and

and total of independence from Spain

that is why we really we really need

separation from Spain by means of

Revolution total independence from Spain

if we are not going to separate from

Spain of course under

Spain that is

why last

a bonasio is M separate Spain by means

of

Revolution next is that previous

armed revolts had already occurred

before the foundation of the Katipunan

but none of them invention a unified

Filipino Nation revolting revolting

against the colonizer

so none of them

invion unified Filipino Nation revolting

against the

colonizer with their personal

gain Invision a unified Filipino Nation

revolting against

colonizer and like for example s Diego

silang was known as an ilano who took

out his arms LED one of the longest

running revolts in the country so SI

Diego silang was

anus independence of Ilocos

region not on the entire Philippines

that means

before Revolution were focused on

Regional level

Fus

Focus entire

Philippines just like Focus independence

of so

while welfare for the whole Philippines

for regional

level and then his locality referred to

him as El the Ilocos or the king of

Ilocos that's why gwag as the king of

Ilocos he inv he he

invisioned

orbe region he was identified as as the

ilocus region not on the entire

Philippines that

why

retions is more focused on a regional

level for the whole nation of

Philippines for the for the whole um for

the entire Philippines okay then the

propaganda movements led by the

illustrados like Marcelo H delpilar

garciano Lopez China

andal did not Envision a total

separation of the Philippines from Spain

but they demanded uh but but only

demanded equal rights

representation and protection from the

abuses of the prior so what is this

propaganda movement no propaganda

movement

gustos H

and so propaganda movement this uh this

was a group that was made by illustrados

canisa

delar Lopez H and

josein spend in

education

andar Spain per they are demanded and

equal rights representation and

protection from the abuses of PRI every

timei they exercise a political power

during that

time demand protection from the abuses

of the priors equal rights as well as

the

representation in the conduct of their

struggle created a complex structure and

Define value system that will guide the

organization as a collective aspiring

for a single goal so value system

again created a complex structure and

defined as a value system so value

system and take note that this value

system uh it will guide the organization

is collective aspiring for a single goal

so it is important K uh it introduces

who aspire to be part of this Revol of

this revolutionary organization and it

also

encourage

encouragement to join with this

organization and what was the most

important document of the k

it was

the or the original title of the

document

was or in English translation it is

lessons of the organization of the sons

of County and of course this document

was written by Emilio hinto in

1896 so Emilia hinto was only 18 years

old imagine B when he joined the

movement and he was a law student at the

University D Santo Tomas and heno was

very uh Young when he wrote the

caran 24 years

old and what's the best thing about his

early age

or he was not thinking no he was not

thinking about him self L but he was

thinking about the welfare of his fellow

men and his

principal uh in life was very clear to

him it's for personal gain but for the

beneficial for everybody next is

that bonifas she was recognized the

value and intellect of asento that upon

seeing that asento cilia was much better

than the decalog he wrote Bonas

willingly favored that the Cilia be

distributed to their fellow

Catos

so and when he saw and

read

Anda

bright imagine just 18 years old

organization in a very young age in fact

BTO and very humble see bonasio here and

there because bonasio willingly favored

that the caria be distributed to their

fellow

before

dobos and the

purpose to

inspire

forence

and piece and imagine it's a piece of

paper Lang per that's very

import syst

as

AO that piece of

paper system is sacred para sa

ilaha next hento became the secretary of

the uh Secretary of the SEC of the

secretary of the organization and took

charge of the shortly printing press of

the Katipunan so as sent da took charge

in the printing press took charge or in

charge on April 15

15897 bonasio appointed hento as a

commander of the Katipunan in Northern

lozon hento was 22 years old and died of

malaria at a young age of 24 in the town

of Magdalena Laguna so

commander bonasio as a commander that's

whyw Emilio as a general Emilio hinto

and was 22 years old p H imagine 22

years old after 2 years because of

malaria so let's get to know Emilio

hinto was born on December 15 1875 died

on April 16

1899 uh utak kpan M his wife was

Catalina deos uh he was born at tondo

manella his father was Mariano hento and

her mother was josea Dion he attended

San San Hanan Dean college and late

transferred to the University of Santo

thas to study law and andr bonasio born

on November 303 1863 atundo

Manila sorry died on May 10 1897 and he

wrote Masterpiece and bonasio bonasio

and other officially founded thean he

was known as the am Filipino or am

kpan so the Cilia can be treated as the

kaan's code of conduct so just like a

teacher nursing of professional

conduct of

cond rules that instruct the way a cat

cero should behave and which specific

values should be uphold so it's a code

of conduct on how eoa behave and to be a

to uh and to abide by the

Kono so the rules or code of conduct

stated in a ccul can be classified into

two the first group so first 1 to S it

contains the rules that will make the

member an upright individual so if you

follow this criteria you will become an

upright individual that means it talks

about your character

development next second group is 8 to 14

contains the rules that will guide the

way he treats his fellow men it it it's

more how you treat your fellow human

being as IAT Panero so let's start with

the first

caria so um I will go to the

explanation what's what's the uh caria

talk talks about so I'll go with the

explanation so explanation was made by

uh uh PDF coffee

so for this uh rule in cilia the first

rule the first rule highlights the

importance of living a Purpose Driven

Life no because a konero who does not

have a purpose lives a useless

life it talks about the goodness for

good goodness

sake and the second rule rule is all

about doing the right thing a deed

carried out for the sake of Fame is not

worthy or praise so goodness for

goodness sake third is uh it shows what

kindness really means that the true act

of kindness for IAT Pono is in the love

and service he rendered to the people

and not to the other way around fourth

is it high highlights uh equality so

every katipuneros are treated equally no

matter what race or educational

background he has no

equally

treated fifth uh it shows uh what honor

should mean for a katti Pono a true

katti Pono though values honor more than

his personal

interest next sixth is all about being a

man of word because a katero who has a

sense of Shame must be a man of his

[Music]

word next seven it gives importance to

time because a katipunero must give

importance to time for the Katipunan a

time that is loss will never be back no

will never

recover

next eight is all about fighting for

what is

right because atio must protect the weak

and fight those who oppress the

weak next it it highlights the

importance of trust and uh kyero is

careful with what he says and it and

kyero keeps the the things that must be

kept

secrets confidentiality

10 is all about being able to lead a

family da must lead his family to the

right path because if a leader is

consumed by evil so does his

follower lead his family to the right

path next is all about women

a catero must give importance to a woman

he must not see her as an object or not

a Pastime or play thing no and that

whenever a caty Pono sees a woman he

will remember his mother who nurtured

him 12 it gives importance to the

actions that one has to make because a

catero must not to do things that he

does not want to be done to him or to

his

family second to the last uh is about

having the right character because a

Cero's life is not measured by what is

his status in life nor with the things

that he possess

instead uh it is in his character and

his love for the native land and lastly

the last cilia or ru Ru it shows a

glimpse of what the author desire and it

shows the sense of hopefulness for the

motherland and that all the sacrifices

made is not for not okay for nothing so

as the primary governing document which

determines the rules of the conduct in

the Katipunan properly understanding the

Cilia will thus help in understanding

the values ideas aspirations and even

the ideology of the organization

so if we understand the Celia we

understand values ideas aspiration and

even the ideology of the organization

how to love our country how to behave

how to be a good person that's why it's

really wonderful or very nice to read

and understand the 14 rules in cilia and

lastly and while we have different

interpretation with what was intended by

bonao there is one thing that everyone

can agree on

that was meant to guide us in living our

everyday life it's to the fullest more

importantly uh it highlights the

importance

of uh having the right attitude towards

other people so that is our discussion

about the cake KK and the cartian N kpan

thank you so much for watching our video

and I hope that you learned something

new in watching this video thank you

and have a great

day