HOW FAT MAN WORKS ? | Nuclear Bomb ON Nagasaki | WORLD'S BIGGEST NUCLEAR BOMB | Learn from the base.
Summary
TLDROn August 6, 1945, the U.S. dropped 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima, followed by 'Fat Man' on Nagasaki three days later. Fat Man, more efficient than Little Boy, used 6.4 kg of plutonium to create a 21 kiloton explosion. Developed at the Manhattan Project's Los Alamos lab under Robert Oppenheimer, the bomb was 128 inches long and weighed 10,300 lbs. It detonated at 1,600 ft, killing approximately 40,000 people and causing extensive damage through blast, fire, and radiation.
Takeaways
- β±οΈ On August 6, 1945, the United States dropped the 'Little Boy' atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.
- π₯ Three days later, on August 9, 1945, the U.S. dropped the 'Fat Man' atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan.
- π¬ 'Fat Man' was more efficient than 'Little Boy', producing a larger blast with less material.
- π¬ 'Little Boy' contained 64 kg of enriched uranium, while 'Fat Man' used only 6.4 kg of plutonium.
- π¨βπ¬ The Manhattan Project, led by Robert Oppenheimer, developed both atomic bombs at the Los Alamos laboratory.
- ποΈ 'Fat Man' measured 128 inches long and 60 inches in diameter, weighing approximately 10,300 pounds.
- βοΈ The plutonium core of 'Fat Man' was surrounded by explosives configured in a highly specialized shaped charge.
- ποΈ The bomb used 32 Bridge wire detonators and 24-volt batteries to ensure simultaneous detonation.
- π The Boeing B-29 Superfortress aircraft dropped 'Fat Man' over Nagasaki due to obscured primary target.
- π The explosion resulted in approximately 40,000 deaths and devastated a 3 square mile radius.
- β’οΈ The bomb's effects included blast, fire, and radiation, with gamma radiation posing the most significant long-term health risks.
Q & A
On what date was the atomic bomb 'Little Boy' dropped on Hiroshima?
-The atomic bomb 'Little Boy' was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945.
What was the codename of the second atomic bomb dropped by the United States during World War II?
-The codename of the second atomic bomb dropped by the United States was 'Fat Man'.
How much more efficient was the 'Fat Man' bomb compared to 'Little Boy' in terms of yield-to-weight ratio?
-The 'Fat Man' bomb was more efficient than 'Little Boy' as it produced a 21 kiloton blast with only 6.4 kg of plutonium, whereas 'Little Boy' produced a 15 kiloton blast with 64 kg of enriched uranium.
Who was the director of the Los Alamos laboratory during the Manhattan Project?
-Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos laboratory during the Manhattan Project.
What was the physical size and weight of the 'Fat Man' bomb?
-The 'Fat Man' bomb was 128 inches long and 60 inches in diameter, weighing approximately 10,300 pounds.
What was the primary target for the 'Fat Man' bomb before it was dropped on Nagasaki?
-The primary target for the 'Fat Man' bomb was the city of Kokura, but due to thick clouds and drifting smoke, the target was shifted to Nagasaki.
What was the detonation altitude of the 'Fat Man' bomb over Nagasaki?
-The 'Fat Man' bomb reached a detonation altitude of about 1,600 feet over Nagasaki.
What was the role of the plutonium sphere in the 'Fat Man' bomb?
-The plutonium sphere in the 'Fat Man' bomb was responsible for the tremendous explosion, as it was compressed by the shock wave from the explosives, initiating the nuclear chain reaction.
What were the three main effects of the 'Fat Man' bomb's explosion on Nagasaki?
-The three main effects of the 'Fat Man' bomb's explosion on Nagasaki were blast, fire, and radiation.
How did the 'Fat Man' bomb's detonation result in the vaporization of some people instantly?
-The thermal heat from the explosion, known as the fireball, was so intense that it vaporized some people instantly within the epicenter.
What were the types of radiation released by the 'Fat Man' bomb, and how did they affect people?
-The 'Fat Man' bomb released alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Alpha radiation was less harmful and could be blocked by clothing, beta radiation could penetrate the skin causing burns, and gamma radiation was the most dangerous, penetrating the human body and causing long-term health effects such as cancer and gene mutation.
Outlines
π₯ Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
On August 6, 1945, the United States dropped the 'Little Boy' atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan, followed by the 'Fat Man' bomb on Nagasaki three days later. The 'Fat Man' was more efficient, using only 6.4 kg of plutonium to produce a 21 kiloton explosion compared to 'Little Boy's' 64 kg of enriched uranium for a 15 kiloton blast. Both bombs were developed at the Los Alamos laboratory as part of the Manhattan Project, under the direction of Robert Oppenheimer, often referred to as the 'father of the atomic bomb.' The 'Fat Man' was 128 inches long, 60 inches in diameter, and weighed approximately 10,300 pounds. It was powered by a plutonium sphere, surrounded by explosives and equipped with 32 Bridge wire detonators. On August 9, 1945, a Boeing B-29 Superfortress dropped 'Fat Man' over Nagasaki, resulting in approximately 40,000 deaths and widespread destruction. The bomb's detonation was facilitated by an implosion mechanism that compressed a plutonium core, initiating a nuclear chain reaction.
πͺοΈ Effects of the Nagasaki Bombing
The 'Fat Man' bomb detonated at an altitude of 1,600 feet over Nagasaki, causing a fireball and a firestorm that affected an area approximately 3.2 km from the epicenter. The explosion released various forms of radiation, including alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Alpha radiation, while not penetrating the skin, can be harmful if ingested or inhaled. Beta radiation is more dangerous, capable of penetrating the skin and causing burns. Gamma radiation is the most penetrating and can cause long-term health effects such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and genetic mutations. The immediate and long-term effects of the bombing were devastating, with the thermal heat vaporizing some individuals instantly and the blast, fire, and radiation causing extensive damage to the city and its inhabitants.
Mindmap
Keywords
π‘Atomic Bomb
π‘Little Boy
π‘Fat Man
π‘Plutonium
π‘Manhattan Project
π‘Robert Oppenheimer
π‘Implosion
π‘Nuclear Chain Reaction
π‘RDX and TNT
π‘Blast, Fire, and Radiation
π‘Radar Altimeter
Highlights
On August 6th, 1945, the United States dropped the atomic bomb 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima, Japan.
Three days after Hiroshima, the U.S. dropped the 'Fat Man' atomic bomb on Nagasaki, which was more efficient than 'Little Boy'.
'Little Boy' contained 64 kg of enriched uranium and produced a 15-kiloton blast, whereas 'Fat Man' used only 6.4 kg of plutonium for a 21-kiloton blast.
The 'Fat Man' bomb was developed by the Los Alamos laboratory as part of the Manhattan Project.
Robert Oppenheimer, the director of the Los Alamos laboratory, is often referred to as the 'father of the atomic bomb'.
The 'Fat Man' bomb measured 128 inches in length and 60 inches in diameter, weighing approximately 10,300 pounds.
The bomb's core was a plutonium sphere, similar in size to a soccer ball, weighing only 6.4 kg.
Plutonium, a radioactive metallic element, was discovered in 1940 and is considered man-made, with trace elements found in natural uranium ores.
The plutonium sphere was surrounded by specialized explosives known as lenses, composed of 60% RDX and 40% TNT.
The bomb was equipped with 32 Bridge wire detonators and 24-volt batteries connected to the fusing system.
On August 9, 1945, the Boeing B-29 Super Fortress aircraft carrying 'Fat Man' took off from Tinian.
The primary target was the city of Kokura, but due to visibility issues, the target was shifted to Nagasaki.
Nagasaki, a port city with a population of approximately 263,000, was the final target for the 'Fat Man' bomb.
The 'Fat Man' was dropped from an altitude of 17,000 ft over Nagasaki.
The bomb detonated at an altitude of about 1,600 ft, creating a devastating blast.
The explosion resulted in approximately 40,000 deaths and destroyed nearly every building within a 3-square-mile radius.
The thermal heat from the explosion vaporized some people instantly, and the blast had three main effects: blast, fire, and radiation.
Gamma radiation from the explosion posed the most significant long-term health risks, including cancer and genetic mutations.
Transcripts
on August 6th 1945 the United States
dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese
city of
Hiroshima the bomb was known as little
boy 3 days after the Hiroshima blast the
United States dropped the second atomic
bomb on the Japanese city of Nagasaki
the bomb was codenamed as Fatman Fatman
is more efficient than little boy the
Hiroshima bomb little boy consist of 64
kg of enriched uranium to produce 15
kilon Last by comparison Nagasaki bomb
the fat man consists of only 6.4 kg of
plutonium to produce 21 kilon of blast
meaning that Fatman is more efficient
than little boy Fatman was built by the
scientists and engineers in the Los
Alamos laboratory at the Manhattan
Project during the Manhattan Project
Robert Oppenheimer was the director of
the Los Alamos laboratory he is often
known as the father of the atomic bomb
the bomb was 128 in long and 60 in in
diameter it weighed approximately 10,300
lb here's the size of a person in
comparison let's take a closer look
inside the
Fatman Fatman was powered by a plutonium
sphere the plutonium sphere is similar
to the size of a soccer ball the sphere
weighs only 6.4 kg this is responsible
for the tremendous
explosion plutonium is a radioactive
metallic element it was discovered in
1940 plutonium is considered as a
man-made element Trace elements of
plutonium are found in naturally
occurring uranium ores the plutonium
sphere is surrounded by explosives these
are the explosives lenses it is a highly
specialized shaped charge it is composed
of 60% of RDX and 40% of
TNT the bomb is equipped with 32 Bridge
wire detonators which fit it around the
explosive lenses
24volt batteries are mounted on one side
of the bomb which is connected to the
fusing
system on the early morning of 9 August
1945 the Boeing b29 super Fortress takes
off from tinian with Fatman the bomber's
primary target was the city of kakura
after 7 hours of flight the aircraft
arrived over the target due to thick
clouds and drifting smoke they could not
able to drop the bomb on kakura so they
shifted their target to Nagasaki
Nagasaki was a port city located about
100 m from kakura it was larger with an
approximate population of 263,000
people at an altitude of about 17,000 ft
the Fatman was dropped over the city of
[Music]
Nagasaki 47 seconds later the Fatman
reached an altitude of about, 1600 ft
feet the Archie radar antenna emitting
and reflecting the signal to the
ground these signals are used to detect
the detonation altitude the radar
altimeters were used to reliably detect
final altitude when the altimeters sense
the correct height then the 32 exploding
Bridge wire detonators simultaneously
releasing electrical
Sparks due to this electrical Spark all
of the explosives would go off
simultaneously the thick layer of the
metal casing helps to create an
implosion shock wave inside the casing
the medium density aluminum Pusher
transfers the imploding shock wave the
shock wave then compresses the inner
components passing through a boron
plastic shell then the shock wave
transfers to a natural uranium tamper
and the sphere of plutonium would be
compressed in the middle of plutonium
two elements are called polonium and
brillium due to the compression the two
metals mix them together and thereby
releasing a burst of neut
approximately 10 milliseconds later the
nuclear Chain Reaction occurred one atom
of plutonium is hit by a neutron it
splits into two releasing energy and it
produces two neutrons Each of which goes
on to react or split other atoms of
plutonium the fat man exploded at an
altitude of about 1,600 ft if it
exploded on the ground the result of the
explosion will be relatively
low the bomb detonated with the same
force of 21 kiltons of TNT approximately
40,000 people were killed and destroyed
nearly every building within 3 square
miles of the
epicenter inside the epicenter the
thermal heat from the explosion
vaporized some people
instantly the damage came from three
main effects blast fire and radiation
the blast from a nuclear bomb is the
result of an x-ray heated air called
Fireball the fireball was an extremely
hot and highly luminous spherical mass
of air and gases The Firestorm affected
area was roughly 3.2 km from the
epicenter as a result of the explosion
it releasing radiation into the air the
alpha radiation will not do much harm
these particles of ionizing radiation
can block by wearing well protected
clothing beta radiation is a little more
serious beta particles are capable of
penetrating the skin and causing
radiation damage such as skin
burns gamma radiation is more dangerous
than others it has so much penetrating
power gamma rays can pass completely
through the human body it can also
result in long-term health effects such
as cancer cardiovascular disease and
gene mutation it causes
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