Pemahaman Tentang Hukum (Pengantar I)

subha karma resen
11 Sept 202013:42

Summary

TLDRThe video discusses the importance of understanding law in society, explaining how laws are designed to regulate human behavior and maintain order. It highlights the evolving nature of legal systems as society becomes more complex, with laws serving as social engineering tools to prevent conflicts and ensure justice. The speaker also touches on various types of law, including public and private law, and emphasizes the need for continuous adaptation of laws to meet societal changes. Overall, the discussion aims to deepen viewers' understanding of law and its role in fostering harmony and justice.

Takeaways

  • 📜 Law is an essential aspect of social interaction, shaping and engineering society.
  • ⚖️ Law serves as a tool for justice, maintaining order in society, especially as human interactions become more complex.
  • 🛑 Law prevents conflicts of interest and acts as a mediator in social disputes, as theorized by Thomas Hobbes' 'homo homini lupus' idea.
  • 📚 Many definitions of law exist, but they all aim to regulate human behavior and promote societal harmony.
  • 🔧 Law is a set of rules or norms backed by sanctions to enforce compliance and ensure order.
  • 🗂️ There are written laws codified by the state, as well as customary laws that emerge from societal practices over time.
  • 🌐 Law needs to adapt to societal changes and innovations, ensuring it can address modern issues like technology advancements.
  • 👶 Even unborn children are protected under the law when it comes to certain rights and situations, such as inheritance.
  • ⚖️ Law differentiates between public law (regulating relations between individuals and the state) and private law (regulating individual-to-individual relations).
  • 📢 Public awareness and understanding of the law are crucial, as ignorance of the law is not an acceptable excuse in legal matters.

Q & A

  • What is the general topic discussed in the transcript?

    -The general topic discussed is law and its role in society, including the concept of law as a social construct, how laws evolve over time, and their importance in maintaining order and justice.

  • Why is law considered essential for human interaction according to the speaker?

    -Law is essential for human interaction because humans are social beings who need regulations to guide behavior and prevent chaos, particularly when there are conflicting interests.

  • How does the speaker describe the dynamic nature of law?

    -The speaker explains that law is constantly evolving and adapting to societal changes, including new innovations and social developments, requiring continuous updates to remain relevant.

  • What did the speaker mean by 'law as social engineering'?

    -The speaker refers to law as 'social engineering' to highlight its role in shaping society by regulating behavior, ensuring justice, and promoting order and well-being.

  • What example did the speaker provide to illustrate how law protects individuals?

    -The speaker provided the example of how a fetus (janin) in the womb is legally considered to exist for its own protection, ensuring its rights in cases like inheritance, even if the father has passed away.

  • What is the difference between written and unwritten law according to the speaker?

    -Written law refers to formal regulations codified by the state, while unwritten law is based on customs and societal practices that evolve over time, often becoming widely accepted norms.

  • Why is it important for laws to adapt to social changes?

    -It is important for laws to adapt to social changes to ensure they remain effective in addressing contemporary issues and maintain order and justice in a dynamic society.

  • How does the speaker view the relationship between law and justice?

    -The speaker views law as a means of delivering justice by regulating social interactions, preventing conflict, and ensuring fairness and protection of individual rights.

  • What is meant by 'public law' and 'private law'?

    -Public law governs the relationship between individuals and the state, ensuring public interest and order, while private law regulates interactions between individuals, such as in contracts or property rights.

  • What did the speaker suggest about the future development of law?

    -The speaker suggested that law will continue to evolve, revising its rules to respond to new societal challenges and ensuring the stability and well-being of society as a whole.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Introduction to the Role of Law in Society

The speaker introduces the concept of law and its importance in society. They explain that law is necessary to regulate social interactions, maintain justice, and prevent chaos. Law is described as a social engineering tool that evolves alongside societal changes. As society becomes more complex, the need for fair laws increases to mediate conflicting interests and prevent human interactions from devolving into a state of conflict, referencing Thomas Hobbes' idea of 'homo homini lupus' (man as a wolf to man). Various definitions of law from legal experts are discussed, emphasizing that laws exist to regulate human behavior, ensure order, and provide sanctions for violations.

05:01

⚖️ Law as a Social Construct and Its Dynamic Nature

The speaker discusses the dynamic nature of law and how it adapts to societal changes. They highlight that laws can be both written and unwritten, with some laws originating from long-standing customs followed by society. However, as society evolves, especially with technological advancements, laws must also evolve to keep up. The speaker points out that law must be understood not just as written text but as something closely tied to social realities. This section emphasizes the need for innovative legal thinking to address the fast pace of societal change and maintain justice and order.

10:01

📚 Public and Private Law: Understanding Different Legal Frameworks

This section differentiates between public and private law. Public law governs relationships between citizens and the state, ensuring public order and the common good, while private law regulates relationships between individuals. The speaker emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific functions of both types of law. They also touch on the continuous development of law and how it adapts to changing societal needs. The importance of public awareness of legal matters is stressed, as individuals cannot claim ignorance of the law as a defense.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Hukum (Law)

Hukum refers to the set of rules and norms that govern human behavior within a society. In the video, it is emphasized as a necessary element for maintaining order and justice as society becomes more complex. The speaker discusses the dynamic nature of law and how it must adapt to changes in society, exemplifying its role in regulating societal conduct and resolving conflicts.

💡Keadilan (Justice)

Keadilan is the concept of fairness and moral rightness, often achieved through the application of law. The speaker discusses how law functions to provide justice by mediating between conflicting interests. Justice is depicted as essential for societal harmony, preventing chaos in human interactions, and ensuring that individuals' rights are protected, even in complex situations.

💡Masyarakat (Society)

Masyarakat refers to the community or population governed by legal and social norms. In the video, society is portrayed as dynamic and evolving, requiring laws that can adapt to new social realities and technological advancements. The relationship between law and society is central to the discussion, highlighting how law shapes and is shaped by societal changes.

💡Konflik (Conflict)

Konflik in this context refers to disputes or disagreements that arise due to differing human interests. The speaker emphasizes that one of the main roles of law is to mediate such conflicts to prevent societal chaos, referencing the philosophical idea of 'homo homini lupus,' or 'man is a wolf to man,' which suggests the potential for conflict in human nature.

💡Perubahan Hukum (Legal Evolution)

Perubahan Hukum refers to the ongoing changes and adaptations of legal frameworks in response to societal developments. The speaker stresses that law is not static and must evolve to keep up with technological and social innovations. This concept is essential to understanding how laws must be revised and updated to maintain relevance and effectiveness.

💡Norma (Norms)

Norma refers to the standards or behaviors considered acceptable in society, which law often formalizes. The speaker highlights that laws are built upon societal norms to ensure harmonious behavior among citizens. These norms guide individuals on how to act appropriately in various contexts, fostering order and peace within the community.

💡Sanksi (Sanctions)

Sanksi are penalties or consequences imposed for violating laws or norms. The video explains that sanctions are crucial to ensuring compliance with legal rules, serving as a deterrent for unlawful behavior. The existence of sanctions emphasizes the authority of law and the importance of its enforcement to maintain social order.

💡Hukum Privat (Private Law)

Hukum Privat refers to laws governing relationships between individuals or private entities. The video contrasts private law with public law, explaining that private law focuses on personal disputes and individual interests, such as contracts and property, rather than state or public matters. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the distinctions between different legal domains.

💡Hukum Publik (Public Law)

Hukum Publik refers to the branch of law that governs the relationship between individuals and the state. It is presented as a key tool for maintaining public order and regulating societal interests. In the video, public law is discussed in the context of how governments use it to establish rules for the common good, such as laws related to governance, public health, and safety.

💡Rekayasa Sosial (Social Engineering)

Rekayasa Sosial refers to the use of laws to shape and influence societal behavior for the common good. The speaker describes law as a form of 'social engineering,' where legal frameworks are crafted to guide society towards stability, harmony, and welfare. This concept highlights the proactive role of law in molding societal structures and preventing harmful behaviors.

Highlights

The importance of law as a social necessity, ensuring order and justice in society.

Law functions as a mechanism to engineer society and prevent chaos, as referenced in the phrase 'homini Lupus,' meaning man is a wolf to man.

Law adapts to societal changes and evolves over time, influenced by various factors and innovations.

Legal definitions vary depending on who articulates them, but at its core, law seeks to create harmony and ensure proper behavior in society.

Laws include sanctions and penalties to enforce compliance when regulations are violated.

There are both written laws codified by governments and unwritten customary laws followed by communities.

Law must be dynamic to keep pace with societal innovations and new challenges, such as technological advancements.

Law serves as a social engineering tool to ensure justice and protect the rights of individuals, even as early as when a fetus is in the womb.

Legal provisions ensure the protection of unborn children, safeguarding their future rights in cases such as inheritance.

Abortion laws serve as an example of legal protections that preserve the rights of unborn children and maintain societal order.

Law responds to societal changes, such as the need for legal adaptation in response to new societal norms like post-pandemic behavioral shifts.

Public law regulates the relationship between citizens and the state to maintain public order.

Private law governs relationships between individuals, ensuring fairness in personal interactions.

Law continually evolves to address new societal challenges, with scholars and lawmakers working to adapt and revise legal frameworks.

Access to legal knowledge is vital, as ignorance of the law is not an excuse for non-compliance.

Transcripts

play00:00

hai hai

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Hai selam bahagia semoga kebaikan datang

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dari segala penjuru bersama saya Subha

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Karma Resort Pada kesempatan ini saya

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hendak membahas terkait dengan hukum

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mungkin istilah hukum sudah tidak jarang

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dan tidak asing lagi kita dengar ini

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sudah menjadi semacam kebutuhan untuk

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memahami hukum saudara sebagaimana

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pembahasan yang terdahulu bahwa manusia

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adalah makhluk sosial gimana manusia

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sudah dikodratkan untuk berinteraksi

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hingga akhirnya dalam proses interaksi

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itu melahirkan lah salah satu aspek

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yaitu aspek hukum dan keadilan hukum itu

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merekayasa masyarkat

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Hai proses perekayasaan itu juga

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merupakan bagian dari konsensus

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masyarakat lalu kita mewacanakan terkait

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dengan hukum-hukum itu terus mengalami

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perubahan-perubahan hukum terus

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mengalami perkembangan perkembangan

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serta begitu banyak pengaruh-pengaruh

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yang terciptakan hukum itu tapi

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bensinnya Saya ingin memberikan gambaran

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yang umum bagaimana hukum itu berperan

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di masyarakat Bagaimana masyarakat to

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membutuhkan hukum-hukum adil Ketika

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semakin Kompleks masyarakat dan hukum

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ini mencegah atau sebagai penengah

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ketika terjadi konflik of human interest

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ada kepentingan-kepentingan yang berbeda

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dan kemudian berbeda ini khawatirnya

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bisa menemukan kaos sebagaimana

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disampaikan oleh Thomas Hobbes bahwa

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homini Lupus manusia serigala Bagaimana

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teman

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lainnya jadi harapannya adalah hukum itu

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hadir Bagaimana hukum ciptakan

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ketertiban kemudian hukum itu mencegah

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manusia itu menjadi serigala bagi

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manusia nyari yang lain Jadi kalau kita

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mencari pemahaman atau pengertian

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tentang hukum para bhagawan Begawan

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hukum kita para ahli hukum kita

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memberikan begitu banyak definisi bahkan

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ada disebelahnya pengertian hukum eh

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banyak jumlah pengertian hukum itu

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sangat dipengaruhi oleh siapa yang

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mencetus nya tetapi dari sekian banyak

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pengertian hukum itu mungkin saya ingin

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menyampir beberapa pandangan-pandangan

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seperti hukum itu adalah sekumpulan

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peraturan yang mengatur kehidupan

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manusia sehingga manusia itu menjadi

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tertib hukum itu juga

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sanksi-sanksi ketika atau memiliki

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semacam instrumen ketika aturan-aturan

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hukum hilang ga ada juga memberikan

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pandangan bahwa hukum itu Merupakan

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sekumpulan normal sekumpulan kaidah

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Bagaimana memberi manusia itu atau

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memberikan masyarakat itu supaya

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berperilaku yang baik Bagaimana manusia

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itu berperilaku sepatutnya atau

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sewajarnya di dalam masyarakat sehingga

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tercipta suasana tertib tercipta suasana

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harmonis tercipta suasana yang tentram

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sehingga segala kegiatan manusia itu

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Selaras serasi Dan harmonis clickbank

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tuh banyak pengertian-pengertian hukum

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apa ada juga yang memberikan pandangan

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bahwa hukum itu adalah sekumpulan

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peraturan dan hukum itu sekumpulan

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peraturan begitu mudah undang baik itu

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oleh Peraturan Presiden bersama Factor

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Kadek jadi sekumpulan plafon semangat

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tingkah laku manusia hukum itu disertai

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dengan sanksi ini ketika hukum Turki

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lengkap berpola sangsinya Jadi siapa

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menjalankan sangsit ada struktur hukum

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itu sendiri baik aparat penegak hukum

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yang akan memberikan sanksi kepada nanti

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kelembagaannya ada peradilan jadi

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dimanapun batang ini sebagai ruang bagi

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masyarakat untuk mencari keadilan ketika

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hak-hak mental anda sudah sudahlah hukum

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kini hadir di masyarakat tentu saja

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melalui berbagai macam pola ada yang

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menyebutkan bahwa hukum itu tertulis dan

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tidak tertulis dari tertulis ini hukum

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ini mungkin sudah terkodifikasi yang

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merupakan program dari negara sehingga

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hukum ini digunakan oleh negara sebagai

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instrumen untuk mengatur rakyat mengatur

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masyarakat atau membangun

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mengatur tua pola tingkah laku

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masyarakat ada juga hukum itu merupakan

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sebagai kebiasaannya dia tidak tertulis

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dari untuk menjadi hukum atau menjadi

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kebiasaan itu karena Ajeng terus diikuti

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oleh masyarakat terus diikuti aja keren

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sehingga lahirlah hukum yang kita kenal

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dengan Islam hukum kebiasaan sudah suara

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terkadang hukum itu sifatnya

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sangat-sangat status hukum secara statis

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atau atau hukum status dan perkembangan

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masyarakat sangat dinamis jadi seperti

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saat ini ditemukan mengenal berbagai

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macam activision activity of Indonesian

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artificial Life bahkan kita juga melihat

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bagaimana inovasi-inovasi yang dilakukan

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oleh masyarakat sehingga hukum ini

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terkadang tidak mampu merespon atau

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tidak mampu mengejar

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perkembangan-perkembangan tersebut

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sehingga

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Hai untuk memahami hukum kita juga tidak

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terlepas dari masyarakat jadi jadi kalau

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kita hanya melihat hukum itu semacam

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hanya melihat tulisan-tulisan kulit

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telah saja terkadang hukum itu akan

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sangat statis sedangkan kalau kita bisa

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mengurai atau bisa melihat antar

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fenomena masyarakat kemudian kita

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melihat Bagaimana proses penegakan hukum

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atau bagaimana kita melihat memahami

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Sisi keadilan yaitu manfaat tabib kita

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bisa memberikan pada Allah Um ini

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bekerjanya atau bagaimana hukum ini

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hadir untuk manusia jadi proses-proses

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inilah yang mana rukuh Ini dibutuhkan

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pemikiran-pemikiran yang juga inovatif

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melihat perubahan zaman sange selurah

play07:00

tak

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muda yang abadi Slam perubahan sehingga

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Dengan memahami konsep itu hukum Ini

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lambat laun dia akan terus berganti

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hukum ini akan terus melakukan

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perubahan-perubahan bahkan hukum ini

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akan terus membangun revisi-revisi atau

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Fiksi fiksi hukumnya untuk Bagaimana

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menjaga suatu stabilitas Bagaimana

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menjaga suatu ketertiban Bagaimana

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menjamin terciptanya kesejahteraan di

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masyarakat sudah hukum ini saya katakan

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sebagai perekayasa hukumnya juga sebagai

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tumhe social engineering at jadi

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merekayasa masyarakat mungkin saya kasih

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contoh di pasal 2 kalau perdata bayi

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Dita bayi atau janin didalam kandungan

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dianggap sudah ada sepanjang kepentingan

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menghendaki Ayo salah satunya

play08:00

Ussy bahwa janin dalam kandungan

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dianggap sudah ada sepanjang kepentingan

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menghendaki dan janin lahir jadi mengapa

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mengapa hukum ini sangat terkonsentrasi

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sangat pandanganya sangat menjaga

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kepentingannya karena kalau kita

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memahami reaksi sebagaimana yang saya

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katakan tadi bahwa bahkan janin didalam

play08:25

kandungan gitu segini itu sudah dimulai

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hukum karena janin yang di dalam

play08:32

kandungan itu akan berhadapan dengan

play08:34

kepentingannya kedepan sebagai contoh

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kita menghadap suatu peristiwa hukum

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peristiwa hukum kematian atau salah satu

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meninggal misalnya seorang suami

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meninggal akan tetapi seorang istri

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sedang mengandung jadi dilindungi

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pahanya perseorang istri yang ditinggal

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suami tetapi janin dalam kandungan pun

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juga sudah dilindungi kepentingannya

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sehingga kita mengenal didalam hukum

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adalah adanya sanksi

play09:01

Anggi siapa saja melakukan aborsi

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Abortus itu misalnya atau bagi siapa

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saja yang jangankan manusia sudah Anda

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berusaha untuk menghilangkan kepentingan

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yang sepatutnya kelak kedepan diperoleh

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oleh janin itu pun dapat kita begitulah

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pohon-pohon Bagaimana hukum ini

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membangun semacam perekayasaan

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perekayasaan dalam rangka menjamin

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perlindungan menjamin ketertiban dan

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menjamin kesejahteraan masyarakat serta

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gara-gara paling aktual saat ini adalah

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kita akan berhadapan dengan yang namanya

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adaptasi ya kebiasaan baru yang menjadi

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program adalah seperti yang saya

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sampaikan tadi bahwa hukum itu sifatnya

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sangat statis sedangkan perubahan itu

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sifatnya sangat dinamis normal peledak

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istilah lain adalah adaptasi

play10:01

Kebiasaan Baru ini pun harus direspon

play10:03

harus percepat oleh hukum dalam dalam

play10:07

hal ini adalah bagaimana pembentuk hukum

play10:09

atau para pembentuk hukum legislatif

play10:11

maupun eksekutif bersama-sama melihat

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bagaimana fakta sosial membutuhkan

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instrumen-instrumen hukum dalam rangka

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menjamin terciptanya ketertiban menjamin

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terciptanya keharmonisan menjamin

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terciptanya kesejahteraan Terserah Kalau

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kita lebih cerah hukum tentu saja hukum

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itu ada hukum yang terpublish dan

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complyfe kalau kita membicarakan publik

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hukum publik ini adalah hukum yang

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mengatur hubungan antara warganegara

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dengan negara dalam rangka menjaga

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terciptanya kepentingan umum atau

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menjaga ketertiban umum kemudian kalau

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kita lebih cerah hukum privat hukum

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privat inilah hukum yang mengatur

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hubungan antara orang

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sebenarnya orang atau manusia dengan

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manusia dalam rangka ketika antar orang

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dengan orang yg melakukan hubungan buku

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jadi betul-betul sifatnya sangat privat

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impression kepentingan sangat ketika

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kita berbicara kebutuhan akan hukum

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publik dan hukum privat tentu saja kita

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harus memahami dulu fungsi dari

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masing-masing hukum ini sudah surat

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begitu banyak kajian-kajian tentang

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hukum begitu banyak

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penelitian-penelitian tentang hukum

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kemudian begitu banyak

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pandangan-pandangan tentang hukum yang

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tidak akan bisa kita selesaikan dalam

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materi singkat ini jadi salah-salah

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perkembangan hukum akan terus mengalami

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perubahan-perubahan mengikuti zaman

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sehingga kita sebagai masyarakat juga

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harus mengikuti pola-pola tersebut ada

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adagium mengatakan bahwa setiap orang

play12:00

tahu aku

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umumnya sehingga tidak ada alasan bagi

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siapa saja tidak ada alasan bagi siapa

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saja untuk mengatakan tidak tahu

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hukumnya nah sehingga ruang-ruang

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informasi atau ruang-ruang Dimana kita

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bisa mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang

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hukum merupakan juga sebagai instrumen

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bagi kita untuk memahami hukum lebih

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jauh semoga eh ruang ini atau semoga

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pembahasan ini juga menjadi bagian yang

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ikut mengantarkan saudara-saudara untuk

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memahami hukum lebih jauh meskipun

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keterbatasan saya dalam hal ini

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antarwaktu kemudian ketangkasan terkait

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dengan materi saat ini akan tetapi

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kedepan materi-materi ini akan kita

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sambung terus-menerus ya tidak tidak ada

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maksud untuk menggarami lautan tapi pada

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prinsipnya adalah usaha ini adalah usaha

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kami untuk

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Hai memberikan pemahaman kepada

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masyarakat dan sumbangsih kami sebagai

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warga negara untuk ikut memberikan

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pemahaman tentang bagaimana hukum dan

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bagaimana cara bekerjanya hukum demikian

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pembahasan saya pada hari ini semoga

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bermanfaat Dan Tiada gading yang tak

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retak semoga pembahasan ini atau ada

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kata-kata yang salah Mohon dimaafkan

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tidak sengaja Anda begitu baik Semoga

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kebaikan datang dari segala penjuru

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terima kasih

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[Musik]

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