OSHA 10 Study Guide | Module 4 | Cranes and Rigging | Construction Training | OSHA 10 exam

Summary

In this educational video, Module 4 delves into the fundamentals of cranes and rigging, crucial for workers handling cranes, derricks, hoists, and aerial lifts. It covers OSHA standards, including safety inspections, operator certifications, and equipment maintenance. Key terms like 'boom angle indicator' and 'load rating' are explained. The video emphasizes the importance of adhering to safety protocols to prevent accidents, with a focus on proper crane operation and maintenance to ensure worker safety.

Takeaways

• 📚 Module 4 focuses on the basics of cranes and rigging, including cranes, derricks, hoists, aerial lifts, and conveyors, as outlined in OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550 subpart N.
• 🔧 Key terms such as 'boom', 'hook', 'wire ropes', and 'rigging' are essential for understanding crane operations and safety.
• ⚠️ Employers must ensure that a competent person inspects all machinery and equipment for safe operation before and during use.
• 🔄 Mechanical failures, though only 11% of crane accidents, often lead to significant incidents due to a lack of preventive maintenance or adequate training.
• 🏗️ Crane operators must be aware of the load limits and verify lift calculations to ensure the load is within the crane's load rating.
• 🚫 Employees should stay out of the crane's swing radius for safety, and barricades should be used to prevent access to the swing area.
• 📏 A thorough annual inspection and documentation of hoisting machinery are required by OSHA standards, along with visual inspections before and during each shift.
• 📊 Cranes must have a load rating chart that is clearly visible to the operator to prevent accidents.
• 👷‍♂️ Qualified engineers or competent persons in structural design must design the suspension system and personnel platform.
• ⛈ Cranes should not hoist personnel in bad weather or if any danger is present, ensuring safety is a priority.

Q & A

What is the main focus of Module 4 in the provided transcript?

Module 4 focuses on the basics of cranes and rigging, covering topics like cranes, derricks, hoists, aerial lifts, and conveyors, as well as adhering to OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550 subpart N.

What are the key terms introduced in the script related to cranes and rigging?

Key terms include accident, act, block sheaves, boom, boom angle indicator, boom stops, brake, counterweight, crane, deck, drum, hoist, jib, outriggers, PCSA, pendant, radius, and superstructure.

According to the script, what is the role of a competent person in crane operations?

A competent person is responsible for inspecting all machinery and equipment before and during use to ensure they are within safe working parameters, and to carry out a thorough annual inspection and document hoisting machinery.

What does OSHA's analysis of crane accidents reveal about the frequency and causes?

OSHA's analysis reveals an average of 71 fatalities per year due to crane accidents, with nearly 30% of work-related electrocutions involving cranes, and mechanical failures accounting for only 11% of the causes.

What are the responsibilities of crane operators as outlined in the script?

Crane operators must know the load limits of the crane, verify lift calculations, ensure the load is within the load rating, and stay within the crane's swing radius to ensure safety.

What is the significance of a load rating chart in crane operations?

A load rating chart is significant as it provides the crane's capacity and limitations of use, which must be adhered to ensure safety and prevent accidents.

Why is it important for cranes and derricks to have a boom angle indicator?

A boom angle indicator is important because it allows operators to easily see and control the angle of the boom, which is crucial for preventing accidents and ensuring the crane's stability.

What are the conditions under which wire ropes should not be used in crane operations?

Wire ropes should not be used if there are six randomly distributed broken wires in one lay, three broken wires in one strand, 1/3 of the original diameter of outside individual wires is lost, or if there is evidence of heat damage, kinking, crushing, bird caging, or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure.

What precautions should be taken when hoisting personnel with a crane?

When hoisting personnel, it is crucial to ensure the crane's rated load does not exceed the original capacity, use a suspension system and personnel platform designed by a qualified engineer, and only allow a qualified welder to perform welding on the personnel platform.

What should employees do if they are hoisted in a crane and a dangerous situation arises?

If a dangerous situation arises while employees are hoisted, they should be grounded immediately and safely to prevent accidents.

Outlines

00:00

🏗️ Module 4 Introduction: Cranes and Rigging Basics

This paragraph introduces Module 4, focusing on cranes and rigging. It serves as a continuation from Module 3, emphasizing the importance of understanding hazards and communication in the workplace. The module is designed for workers interested in learning about various lifting equipment, including cranes, derricks, hoists, aerial lifts, and conveyors. It covers topics mandated by OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550 subpart N. Key terms are defined, such as 'accident,' 'act,' 'block,' 'boom,' 'boom angle indicator,' 'boom stops,' 'break,' 'counterweight,' 'crane,' 'deck,' 'drum,' 'hoist,' 'jib,' 'outriggers,' 'pcsa,' 'pendant,' 'radius,' 'standards,' 'superstructure,' and 'boom.' The paragraph also outlines the structure of the module, which includes three lessons: general standards, cranes, and cranes, the personnel platform, and rigging. It highlights the importance of having a competent person inspect machinery, the need for prompt repair of deficiencies, and the significance of preventive maintenance and training to avoid accidents, as indicated by OSHA's analysis of crane accidents.

05:02

🔍 Module 4 Lesson 2: Safe Crane Operation and Maintenance

The second paragraph delves into the specifics of safe crane operation and maintenance. It emphasizes the need for crane operators to be aware of the load limits and to verify lift calculations to ensure safety. The importance of keeping the crane's swing radius clear of employees is stressed, with OSHA recommending complete barricades as the preferred method of protection. The paragraph outlines the requirements for a boom angle indicator, the necessity of keeping the crane level and on firm footing, and the need for a competent person to conduct annual inspections and document hoisting machinery. It also discusses the visual inspections required before and during each shift, as well as monthly inspections. Certification and on-the-job training for crane operators are highlighted, along with guidelines for wire rope conditions that necessitate replacement. The paragraph concludes with a prompt to consider the study questions related to the lesson.

🚧 Module 4 Final Lesson: Personnel Platform and Rigging Safety

The final paragraph of the script covers the safety aspects of cranes, specifically focusing on the personnel platform and rigging. It stresses the importance of adhering to the crane's rated load as specified by the manufacturer and having a visible load rating chart for the operator. The necessity of a qualified engineer's design for the suspension system and personnel platform is mentioned, along with safety measures for access gates during hoisting operations. The paragraph also addresses the qualifications required for welders working on personnel platforms and the prohibition of using bridal and associated rigging for purposes other than hoisting personnel. It advises against hoisting employees in bad weather or dangerous situations and emphasizes the need for immediate grounding and safe handling if a dangerous situation arises. The paragraph concludes with an invitation for viewers to ask questions about the module and a reminder to stay tuned for the next video on Module 5.

Keywords

💡Hazard

A hazard refers to a potential source of harm or a situation with a risk of personal injury, property damage, or environmental harm. In the context of the video, hazards are inherent in crane operations, and the script emphasizes the importance of training and safety measures to mitigate these risks. For example, the script mentions 'Mists, Vapors, dust, or aerosols' as potential hazards that need to be communicated to workers.

💡Cranes

Cranes are heavy lifting machinery used in construction and other industries to move heavy materials over short distances. The video's theme revolves around the safe operation of cranes, and it discusses various aspects of crane safety, including inspections, load limits, and operator certification. The script specifically mentions 'cranes, dercks, hoists, aerial lifts, and conveyors' as equipment that the module covers.

💡Rigging

Rigging involves the use of ropes, chains, slings, and other equipment to support and move heavy loads. In the video, rigging is a key concept as it relates to the safe handling of loads using cranes. The script discusses the importance of proper rigging techniques and equipment to prevent accidents and ensure the stability of loads during lifting operations.

💡OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550

This refers to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's regulations governing cranes and derricks in construction. The video mentions this regulation to highlight the legal and safety standards that must be followed in the industry. Compliance with these standards is crucial for ensuring worker safety and avoiding legal penalties.

💡Competent Person

A competent person is an individual who is capable of identifying and addressing workplace hazards. In the script, the importance of having a competent person inspect machinery and equipment before and during use is emphasized to ensure they are within safe working parameters. This role is critical in maintaining a safe work environment, especially when dealing with heavy machinery like cranes.

💡Load Limits

Load limits refer to the maximum weight a crane can safely lift without risking structural failure or accidents. The script stresses that crane operators must know the load limits of the crane and the approximate weight of the load to be lifted. Adhering to load limits is essential for preventing accidents and ensuring the safe operation of cranes.

💡Swing Radius

The swing radius of a crane is the area around the crane that could be affected by the crane's movement, particularly when the crane is lifting a load. The script advises employees to stay out of the crane's swing radius to avoid accidents, highlighting the need for safety precautions and awareness of the crane's operational space.

💡Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance involves performing regular checks and servicing on equipment to prevent breakdowns and extend its lifespan. The video mentions that mechanical failures in cranes are often due to a lack of preventive maintenance, emphasizing the importance of routine inspections and upkeep to ensure the safe operation of cranes.

💡Certification

Certification in the context of the video refers to the process by which crane operators are trained and tested to ensure they are competent to operate specific types of cranes. The script states that all operators must be certified before they are allowed to operate a crane, which is a critical step in ensuring that operators have the necessary skills and knowledge to operate cranes safely.

💡Wire Ropes

Wire ropes are a type of cable used in cranes for lifting loads. The script discusses the conditions under which wire ropes should not be used, such as when there are broken wires or other damage that could compromise their integrity. Proper inspection and maintenance of wire ropes are essential to prevent accidents during lifting operations.

Highlights

Module 4 focuses on the basics of cranes and rigging, covering topics included in OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550 subpart N.

The module is designed for workers interested in learning about cranes, derricks, hoists, aerial lifts, and conveyors.

Key terms such as 'accident', 'act', 'block sheaves', 'boom', and 'boom angle indicator' are introduced.

The importance of a competent person inspecting machinery and equipment before and during use is emphasized.

OSHA's analysis reveals an average of 71 fatalities per year due to crane accidents.

Nearly 30% of work-related electrocutions involve cranes, according to an OSHA study.

Mechanical failures, though only 11% of crane accident causes, often lead to significant incidents.

Studies show mechanical failures are frequently due to lack of preventive maintenance or adequate training.

Crane operators must know the load limits and the approximate weight of the load to be lifted.

All employees should stay out of the crane's swing radius for safety.

A boom angle indicator must be visible to the operator for safe operation.

Cranes must be within 1% of level grade and on firm footing for stability.

Annual inspections and visual inspections before and during each shift are required by OSHA standards.

Crane operators must be certified and undergo on-the-job training for specific types of cranes.

Wire ropes should not be used under certain conditions, such as broken wires or distortion.

Load rating charts must be clearly visible to the crane operator to prevent accidents.

Cranes and derricks with variable angle booms require a boom angle indicator for safe operation.

The suspension system and personnel platform must be designed by a qualified engineer for structural integrity.

Access gates on cranes must not swing outward during hoisting and should have a restraining device.

Welding of the personnel platform should only be performed by a qualified welder familiar with the materials and grades.

Cranes should not be used for hoisting personnel in bad weather or if any danger is present.

If a dangerous situation arises while personnel are hoisted, they should be grounded immediately.

Transcripts

welcome back fellow

Learners in the last video for module 3

we talked about Hazard

communication here is a quick recap

Mists Vapors dust or

aerosols training a course of study in

which employees are instruct now we will

begin with module 4 make sure you have

subscribed and watch the previous

modules to follow along

easily let's start module 4 an exciting

and informative topic that expertly

covers the basics of cranes and

rigging this module is intended for

workers who want to learn about cranes

dercks hoists aerial lifts and

conveyors this part covers topics

included in OSHA 29 CFR

1926.550 subpart

n this module is comprised of the

following three

lessons first general

standards second

cranes third cranes the Personnel

platform and

rigging the essential key terms are

accident harmful event that is

unexpected or without apparent cause act

such as a statute decree or enactment

resulting from a decision by a

legislative body block sheaves or

grooved pulley in a frame with a hook

eye and strap boom an inclined Spar

strut or other long member supporting

the hoisting tackle boom angle indicator

an accessory device that measures the

angle and weight of lifted objects

including load blocks hooks wire ropes

rigging boom and ancillary attachments

boom stops a device that is used to

restrict the angle of the boom when it

reaches its highest position break to

slow or stop motion by friction or power

counterweight weights balance loads and

the Crane's weight provides stability

crane consists of a rotating structure

on rubber tires or crawler Treads used

for lifting and lowering

horizontally deck the revolving

superstructure or turntable bed drum the

spool or cylindrical member around which

cables are wound for raising and

lowering loads hoist used to lift and

lower load jib an extension is attached

to the boom point to provide added boom

length for lifting specified loads

Outriggers support members attached to

the Crane's carrier frame to level and

stabilize the crane pcsa power crane and

shovel

Association pendants it is a stationary

wire rope used to support the boom

radius the horizontal distance from the

axis of the rotation of the Crane's

superstructure to the center of the

suspended load standards measure of

comparison for quantitative or

qualitative value a

Criterion superstructure the rotating

frame Gantry boom or other operating

equipment now we will initiate the first

lesson which covers General

standards the key points

are the employer should designate a

competent person to inspect all

machinery and equipment before and

during use to ensure they are within

safe working

parameters all def efficiencies must be

promptly repaired and defective Parts

replaced before the machine can be

used OSHA's analysis of crane accidents

in General Industry and construction

identified an average of 71 fatalities

per

year a study conducted by OSHA showed

that nearly 30% of work-related

electrocutions involved

cranes although mechanical failures

represent only 11% of the causes of

crane accidents they usually result in

significant accidents involving injuries

fatalities substantial material costs

and negative media

coverage lastly studies and analyses

often show that mechanical failures are

frequently due to a lack of preventive

maintenance or adequate training and

Personnel

experience now look at the study

question let's Dive Right into lesson

two exploring the safe world of

cranes

the key points

are crane operators must know the load

limits of the crane and the approximate

weight of the load about to be

lifted once the load weight is known the

operator must verify lift calculations

and determine if the load is within the

load rating of the

crane all employees are advised to stay

out of the Crane's swing radius Osa

determined that the preferred way to

protect employees in these situations is

to completely barricade the ENT entire

swing radius of the equipment and

prevent employee access to the

area a boom angle indicator must be

located on the crane where it will be

visible to the

operator the crane must be uniformly

within 1% of level grade and on firm

footing a competent person must carry

out a thorough annual inspection and

document hoisting

Machinery in addition to the annual

documented inspection the OSHA standard

requires a visual inspection before and

during each shift and an additional

inspection at least once a

month all operators must be certified to

operate a specific type of crane before

they are allowed to do so furthermore

all operators must undergo on the job

training to familiarize themselves with

any conditions particular to the

workplace lastly wire ropes should not

be used in any of the following

conditions if there are six randomly

distributed broken WI wires in running

ropes in one lay or three broken wires

in one strand in one

lay where 1/3 the original diameter of

outside individual wires with kinking

crushing bird caging or any other damage

resulting in Distortion of the Rope

structure if there is evidence of any

heat damage from any

cause in standing ropes more than two

broken wires in one lay in sections

Beyond end connections or more than one

broken wire at an end connection

now look at the study

question let's jump into our final

lesson exploring cranes the Personnel

platform and

rigging the key points

are always ensure that the Crane's rated

load does not exceed the original

capacity specified by the Crane's

manufacturer to ensure safety each crane

must have a load rating chart with

clearly visible letters and figures the

chart should be fixed so the crane

operator can easily R it to prevent

accidents when permanently installing

cranes and DS on a barge ensure their

capacity and limitations of use comply

with current design

criteria cranes and DS with variable

angle booms must have a boom angle

indicator placed where operators can

easily see

it the suspension system and the

Personnel platform must be designed by a

qualified engineer or a competent person

person qualified in structural

design if access gates are present

ensure they do not swing outward during

hoisting and are equipped with a

restraining device to prevent

accidents only a qualified welder

familiar with the weld types materials

and grades is allowed to perform the

welding of the Personnel

platform when Bridal and Associated

rigging are not hoisting Personnel they

should not be used for other

purposes when the crane engine is is

running and the platform is occupied the

crane or Derk operator should always

remain at the

controls employees should not be hoisted

in bad weather or if any danger is

present if they are hoisted and a

dangerous situation arises they should

be grounded immediately and

safely now look at the study

questions in the end if you have any

queries about this module don't hesitate

to drop them in the comments section

below we'll be back with module 5 in our

next video remember to subscribe and

press the Bell icon to stay updated

until then take care and stay

safe