A história do Minhocão

Nexo Jornal

9 Feb 201703:00

Summary

TLDRThe script discusses the Minhocão, a 3.5 km long elevated highway in São Paulo, Brazil, known as Latin America's largest reinforced concrete structure. Initially controversial, it was named after a deposed president but later dubbed by locals due to its urban scarring. Once a bustling traffic route, it now hosts cultural events on weekends and Sundays. The debate over its future, whether to demolish it or transform it into a linear park, remains unresolved despite a 2014 plan to deactivate it within 15 years.

Takeaways

🌉 The script discusses the largest reinforced concrete structure in Latin America, with a viaduct spanning almost three and a half kilometers.
🏗 It was inaugurated as a new road system solution for São Paulo state, initially applied in other world capitals.
📅 On April 1, 1964, President João Goulart was deposed, marking the beginning of the military dictatorship.
🕍 General Costa e Silva became president in 1966, and three years later, Paulo Maluf, as mayor of São Paulo, inaugurated the controversial work on the city's anniversary in 1971.
🚗 The viaduct, initially named in honor of a deceased president, became more commonly known as 'Minhocão' due to its nickname by the population.
🚫 The Minhocão was initially seen as an urban scar, causing noise and pollution, and was later closed to vehicle traffic during certain hours and on Sundays.
🏞 After the end of the military dictatorship, the structure was repurposed to host sports, cultural events, and theater pieces on weekends.
🛑 In 2006, the name of the viaduct was changed to honor the deposed president, and it continues to be a subject of debate regarding its future.
💨 The debate includes proposals for the demolition of the structure, with arguments for and against its transformation into a linear park.
🚧 The high cost of demolition and the impact on traffic are significant factors in the decision-making process regarding the future of the Minhocão.
⏳ The 2014 master plan stipulates the deactivation of the viaduct within 15 years, but the final decision on its fate remains uncertain.

Q & A

What is considered the largest reinforced concrete work in Latin America?
-The largest reinforced concrete work in Latin America is a viaduct with almost three and a half kilometers of extension, mentioned in the script as a significant infrastructure project.
When was the president João Goulart deposed?
-President João Goulart was deposed on April 1st, 1964, marking the beginning of the military dictatorship in Brazil.
Who assumed the presidency after the deposition of João Goulart?
-General Costa e Silva assumed the presidency of the Republic in 1966, following the deposition of João Goulart.
Who was the mayor of São Paulo when the controversial work was inaugurated?
-Maluf was the mayor of São Paulo when the controversial work, later known as the Minhocão, was inaugurated in 1971.
What is the significance of the Minhocão in São Paulo's urban landscape?
-The Minhocão is significant as it serves as a viaduct connecting the west zone of São Paulo and has been a subject of debate due to its impact on urban planning, traffic, and the environment.
Why was the Minhocão initially controversial?
-The Minhocão was controversial because it was seen as a scar on the urban landscape, causing noise and pollution, and devaluing the surrounding area where it was built.
What measures were taken to reduce the impact of the Minhocão on the city after the end of the military dictatorship?
-After the end of the military dictatorship in 1989, the mayor Luiza Erundina decreed that the Minhocão would be closed to cars on Sundays, as part of an effort to reclaim the urban space.
What changes were made to the name of the viaduct in 2006?
-In 2006, the name of the viaduct was changed to honor the deposed president, thus reflecting a shift in the political and historical narrative of the structure.
What is the current use of the Minhocão?
-Currently, the Minhocão is used for hosting sports events, cultural events, and theater pieces on weekends, and it is also a subject of debate regarding its future, including proposals for its demolition or transformation.
What is the proposal regarding the future of the Minhocão?
-There is an ongoing debate about the future of the Minhocão, with proposals ranging from its demolition due to high costs and traffic concerns to its transformation into a linear park, inspired by similar projects in New York.
What does the 2014 master plan say about the future of the Minhocão?
-The 2014 master plan stipulates the deactivation of the Minhocão within 15 years, indicating a potential end to its use as a viaduct, although the final decision on its future remains uncertain.

Outlines

00:00

🌆 The Minhocão: São Paulo's Iconic Elevated Highway

This paragraph discusses the history and significance of the Minhocão, an iconic elevated highway in São Paulo, Brazil. It was the largest reinforced concrete structure in Latin America, stretching nearly 3.5 kilometers. The highway was inaugurated by then-mayor Paulo Maluf in 1971, despite being controversial from the start. Named after a former president, it was more commonly known by the name given to it by the public. The Minhocão was seen as an urban scar, contributing to noise and pollution. In 1989, after the end of the military dictatorship, the highway was closed to traffic on Sundays by the mayor Luiza Erundina. The debate over its future has been ongoing, with proposals ranging from demolition to transformation into a linear park. Despite the high cost of demolition, the majority of residents are against it. The 2014 master plan stipulates the decommissioning of the highway within 15 years, but its future remains uncertain.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Viaduto

A 'viaduto' is a type of bridge or elevated road structure used to span a valley or body of water, or to carry a road across a lower-level road. In the context of the video, it refers to a major infrastructure project in São Paulo, Brazil, which is highlighted as the largest reinforced concrete structure in Latin America. The viaduto plays a central role in the video's narrative as it is a significant element of the city's landscape and history.

💡Pré-moldado

Pré-moldado, or 'prefabricated' in English, refers to the process of manufacturing components in a plant and then transporting them to the construction site for assembly. This method was used in the construction of the viaduto mentioned in the video, showcasing an innovative approach to urban development. The script highlights this as a new solution for the road system in São Paulo.

💡Ditadura Militar

The term 'ditadura militar' translates to 'military dictatorship' in English. The video script mentions the deposition of President João Goulart in 1964, which marked the beginning of a military dictatorship in Brazil. This historical event is crucial as it sets the backdrop for the political climate during which the viaduto was constructed and later named after a deposed president.

💡Maluf

Maluf refers to Paulo Maluf, who was the mayor of São Paulo at the time of the viaduto's inauguration. His name is associated with the video's narrative as he was responsible for the inauguration of the controversial project. The viaduto was named in honor of a deceased president, but it became more commonly known as 'Minhocão' due to its impact on the city's urban landscape.

💡Minhocão

Minhocão is a nickname given by the local population to the viaduto in São Paulo. It is derived from the Portuguese word 'minhocão,' which means 'large earthworm.' The nickname reflects the structure's appearance and its impact on the city, as it is described as an urban scar. The video discusses the debate over the viaduto's future, including proposals to demolish it, which has led to the name 'Minhocão' becoming a symbol of the structure's contentious legacy.

💡Poluição

Pollution is a significant issue discussed in the video in relation to the viaduto. The structure is described as causing noise and pollution, which has contributed to the devaluation of the surrounding area. The term 'poluição' encapsulates the negative environmental impact of the viaduto and is a key point in the debate over its future, as it raises questions about the need for urban renewal and the improvement of living conditions for residents.

💡Prefeita Luiza Erundina

Luiza Erundina is mentioned as the mayor who decreed that the viaduto, or Minhocão, be closed to car traffic on Sundays, starting in 1989. This decision reflects a shift in urban policy and a move towards reclaiming public spaces for the community. Erundina's actions are significant as they represent a historical act of reappropriation of the space and a response to the public's desire for a more livable urban environment.

💡Parque Linear

A 'parque linear' is a linear park, typically a long, narrow green space that follows a natural feature or a man-made structure, such as a river or a viaduto. The video discusses proposals to transform the viaduto into a linear park, which would serve as a recreational space and an urban green corridor. This idea is part of the debate over the viaduto's future and reflects a broader trend in urban planning towards creating more sustainable and people-friendly cities.

💡Desativamento

Desativamento refers to the decommissioning or shutting down of a structure or facility. In the video, it is mentioned that the 2014 master plan stipulates the deactivation of the viaduto within 15 years. This term is central to the video's theme as it signifies a potential end to the viaduto's current function and the beginning of a new chapter in the city's urban development.

💡Planejamento Urbano

Urban planning, or 'planejamento urbano' in Portuguese, is the process of designing and shaping the physical layout of cities, towns, and neighborhoods. The video touches on this concept as it discusses the various proposals and debates surrounding the future of the viaduto, including its potential transformation into a linear park or its demolition. Urban planning is crucial in this context as it involves balancing the needs of the community, the environment, and the city's infrastructure.

Highlights

The largest reinforced concrete work in Latin America is being showcased, with almost three and a half kilometers of viaduct entirely in concrete.

The work was inaugurated as a new system solution for the state of São Paulo, previously applied in other world capitals.

On April 1, 1964, President João Goulart was deposed, marking the beginning of the military dictatorship.

General Costa e Silva assumed the presidency in 1966, followed by three years later by Paulo Maluf as the mayor of São Paulo.

In 1971, on the city's anniversary, Maluf inaugurated the work that connects the west zone to the city, which was already controversial.

The work was named in honor of a deceased president, but it became more commonly known by a name created by the population.

The elevated structure stretches from Praça dos Los à Celular or Amaral to Avenida São João and Largo Padre Péricles on Avenida Francisco Matarazzo.

The elevated structure is considered an urban scar, contributing to noise and pollution in the area.

Traffic on the elevated is prohibited from early morning and after the end of the military dictatorship in 1989.

Mayor Luiza Erundina decreed that the 'Minhoção' (the nickname for the elevated) was closed to cars on Sundays.

The name of the elevated was changed in 2006 to honor the deposed president.

Currently, the elevated hosts athletes, success, and theater pieces on weekends.

In the commercial series, the elevated is part of the background, but it is also slated to become a park.

The debate over the elevated's future involves its frequent users, residents of the region, and experts.

A demolition project for the structure was presented in 2010 by then-mayor Gilberto Kassab.

The high cost involved in the demolition is a factor considered by those against the idea.

Most residents and some experts see New York's High Line as a model for transforming the elevated into a linear park.

The counter-argument to demolition is the intense traffic that would need to be absorbed elsewhere.

According to the 2014 Master Plan, the elevated is scheduled to be deactivated within 15 years.

The future of the 'Minhoção' remains uncertain, with ongoing debates and proposals for its use or demolition.