PC1987 / ARTICLE. 3 BILL OF RIGHTS / SECTION 1 - 22

Summary

The video script discusses the Philippine Constitution of 1987, focusing on Article 3, the Bill of Rights. It covers key rights such as due process, freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures, privacy of communication, freedom of speech and religion, and the right to information. It also addresses the prohibition of cruel punishment, the right to counsel, and the prohibition of double jeopardy. The script emphasizes the importance of these constitutional protections for the citizens of the Philippines.

Takeaways

• 📜 The script discusses the Philippine Constitution of 1987, focusing on Article 3, which is the Bill of Rights.
• 🏡 Section 1 emphasizes the right to life, liberty, and property, and prohibits deprivation without due process of law.
• 🔍 Section 2 protects against unreasonable searches and seizures, requiring warrants based on probable cause.
• 💌 Section 3 guarantees the privacy of communication and correspondence, except under lawful orders or for public safety.
• 🗣️ Section 4 upholds freedom of speech, expression, and the press, as well as the right to assemble and petition.
• 🕍 Section 5 prevents the establishment of a state religion and ensures the free exercise of religious beliefs.
• 🏠 Section 6 ensures the liberty of abode and the right to travel, with limitations for national security or public health.
• 📄 Section 7 recognizes the right to information on matters of public concern, including access to official records.
• 🏭 Section 8 protects the right to form unions and associations for lawful purposes.
• 🏛️ Section 9 mandates just compensation for private property taken for public use.
• 📢 Section 12 ensures the right to remain silent and to legal counsel for those under investigation for offenses.

Q & A

What does the Philippine Constitution of 1987 guarantee in Article 3, Section 1?

The Philippine Constitution of 1987, in Article 3, Section 1, guarantees that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of the laws.

What protections are provided against unreasonable searches and seizures according to the Constitution?

The Constitution protects the people's right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures. It states that no search warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon probable cause determined by a judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the complainant and witnesses.

How does the Philippine Constitution ensure the privacy of communication and correspondence?

The Constitution ensures the privacy of communication and correspondence is inviolable, except upon lawful orders of the courts or when public safety or order requires it, as prescribed by law.

What are the rights protected under Article 3, Section 4 of the Philippine Constitution?

Section 4 protects the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, and the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances.

What is the significance of Article 3, Section 5 regarding religious freedom?

Section 5 ensures that no law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof. It guarantees the free exercise and enjoyment of religious profession and worship without discrimination or preference, and no religious tests shall be required for the exercise of civil or political rights.

How does the Philippine Constitution safeguard the right to travel and change abode?

The Constitution guarantees the liberty of abode and the right to change the same within the limits prescribed by law. It also states that the right to travel shall not be impaired except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health as provided by law.

What rights are recognized in relation to access to information on matters of public concern?

The Constitution recognizes the right of the people to information on matters of public concern, including access to official records, documents, and papers pertaining to official acts, transactions, or decisions, and the government research data used as a basis for policy development.

What protections does the Philippine Constitution provide for private property?

The Constitution states that private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.

What are the rights of a person under investigation for an offense as outlined in Article 3, Section 12?

Section 12 guarantees the right to be informed of one's right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel. If the person cannot afford counsel, one must be provided. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel.

How does the Philippine Constitution address the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment?

The Constitution prohibits excessive fines and cruel, degrading, or inhuman punishment. It also states that the death penalty shall not be imposed unless for compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, as provided by law.

What is the significance of Article 3, Section 22 in relation to the prohibition of ex post facto laws?

Section 22 prohibits the enactment of ex post facto laws or bills which change the legal status or consequences of an action after it has already been done, especially making an action illegal after it has been committed.

Outlines

00:00

📜 Philippine Constitution: Bill of Rights Overview

This paragraph provides an overview of the Bill of Rights within the 1987 Philippine Constitution. It emphasizes the protection of life, liberty, and property without due process, the prohibition of unreasonable searches and seizures, and the right to privacy in communication. It also mentions the importance of a search warrant based on probable cause and the requirement for a judge's examination. The paragraph highlights the constitutional safeguards against unlawful actions by the state.

05:06

🗣️ Freedoms and Liberties: Speech, Religion, and Movement

Paragraph 2 discusses the various freedoms and liberties enshrined in the Philippine Constitution. It covers the freedom of speech, expression, and the press, as well as the right to assemble and petition the government. The section also addresses religious freedom, including the prohibition of religious tests for civil or political rights. Additionally, it touches on the right to travel, the right to information on matters of public concern, and the right to form unions and associations.

10:07

🏛️ Legal Protections and Rights in Criminal Proceedings

This paragraph focuses on the legal protections and rights of individuals during criminal proceedings as outlined in the Philippine Constitution. It includes the right to remain silent, the right to counsel, and the prohibition of secret detention and solitary confinement. It also discusses the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment, the right to a speedy trial, and the prohibition of double jeopardy. The paragraph underscores the importance of due process and the state's responsibility to respect these rights.

15:07

🏢 Constitutional Safeguards Against Arbitrary Imprisonment

Paragraph 4 delves into the constitutional safeguards against arbitrary imprisonment. It discusses the right to habeas corpus, which protects individuals from unlawful detention, and the conditions under which it can be suspended. The paragraph also addresses the right to a speedy and public trial, the prohibition of self-incrimination, and the ban on detention based on political beliefs. It further covers the prohibition of excessive fines and cruel punishment, including the restrictions on the death penalty.

20:08

🚫 Prohibitions on Ex Post Facto Laws and Double Jeopardy

The final paragraph addresses the prohibition of ex post facto laws, which are laws that retroactively make actions illegal after they have been committed. It also discusses the principle of double jeopardy, which prevents an individual from being tried or punished twice for the same offense. The paragraph emphasizes the importance of these constitutional provisions in ensuring fairness and justice within the legal system.

Keywords

💡Constitution of 1987

The Constitution of 1987 refers to the fundamental law of the Philippines that establishes the structure, powers, and limitations of the government. It is the supreme law of the land and serves as the framework for the country's legal system. In the video, the Constitution is the central theme, with a focus on the rights and freedoms it guarantees to the citizens.

💡Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is a section within the Constitution that outlines the fundamental rights and liberties of the people. It serves as a safeguard against potential abuses of power by the government. In the video, the Bill of Rights is discussed in the context of various articles that protect life, liberty, and property, ensuring due process and equal protection under the law.

💡Due Process

Due process is a legal requirement that ensures fairness and justice in legal proceedings. It requires the government to respect all legal rights owed to a person, balancing the power of the state with the protection of individual rights. In the script, due process is mentioned in relation to the right to life, liberty, and property, emphasizing that no person can be deprived of these without following the proper legal procedures.

💡Search Warrant

A search warrant is a legal document issued by a judge that authorizes law enforcement to search a specific location for evidence of a crime. The video script highlights the requirement for probable cause and a detailed description of the place to be searched, ensuring that searches are conducted legally and do not violate an individual's right to privacy.

💡Freedom of Speech

Freedom of speech is a fundamental right that allows individuals to express their opinions and ideas without fear of censorship or punishment. The video emphasizes this right as protected by the Constitution, enabling citizens to engage in open discourse, critique the government, and participate in the democratic process.

💡Religious Freedom

Religious freedom refers to the right to practice one's religion without interference from the state. The video script underscores the importance of this right, stating that the free exercise and enjoyment of religious beliefs are protected, and that there should be no discrimination or preference based on religious affiliation.

💡Right to Travel

The right to travel is the freedom to move within one's country or to leave and return to it. The video script mentions this right, noting that it should not be impaired except in the interest of national security, public safety, or public health, as provided by law.

💡Right to Information

The right to information is the citizen's entitlement to access official records and documents that pertain to government actions, decisions, or policy development. The video emphasizes this right as a means to promote transparency and accountability in governance.

💡Private Property

Private property refers to the ownership of tangible goods and real estate. The video script discusses the protection of private property rights, stating that property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation, ensuring that individuals are fairly compensated for any expropriation by the state.

💡Right to Counsel

The right to counsel is the right of an individual to have legal representation, particularly in criminal proceedings. The video script highlights this right, ensuring that anyone under investigation for an offense has the right to remain silent and to have access to competent legal counsel, with provisions for state-provided counsel if the individual cannot afford it.

💡Habeas Corpus

Habeas corpus is a legal principle that requires a person under arrest to be brought before a court or judge, ensuring that unlawful detention is prevented. The video script mentions that the privilege of habeas corpus should not be suspended except in cases of invasion or rebellion when public safety requires it, highlighting its importance in protecting individual liberties.

Highlights

The right to life, liberty, and property without due process.

Equal protection of the laws for all persons.

Security against unreasonable searches and seizures.

No search warrant or arrest warrant without probable cause.

Inviolability of the privacy of communication and correspondence.

Freedom of speech, expression, and the press.

Freedom of religion and no religious tests for civil or political rights.

Right to travel and liberty of abode.

Right to information on matters of public concern.

Right to form unions and associations for lawful purposes.

Protection against taking private property for public use without just compensation.

Right to counsel and prohibition of self-incrimination.

Prohibition of torture and cruel punishment.

Right to bail and suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus.

Due process of law in criminal offenses.

Prohibition of double jeopardy.

No ex post facto laws or bills.

Right to a speedy, public, and impartial trial.

Prohibition of imprisonment for debt or non-payment of fines.

Transcripts

philippines constitution of 1987.

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shall be deprived of life liberty or

property without due process

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the equal protection of the loss

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deprived

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of this article section 2 the right of

the people to be secure in their

person's

houses papers and effects against

unreasonable searches and seizures of

whatever nature and for

any purpose shall be invaluable and no

search warrant or warrant of arrest

shall issue accept upon probable cause

to be determined personally by the judge

after examination under oath or

affirmation of the complainant and the

witnesses he may produce

and particularly describing the place to

be searched and the persons or things

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search and seizures

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the privacy of communication and

correspondence shall be invaluable

except upon lawful order of the fourth

or when public safety or order requires

otherwise

as prescribed by law amongst a section

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next is section 4 no law shall be passed

abridging the freedom of speech

of expression or of the press or the

right of the people possibly to assemble

and petition the government for address

of grievances

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next is the section five lulu shall be

made respecting an establishment of

religion or prohibiting the free

exercise thereof

the free exercise and enjoyment of

religious profession and worship

without discrimination or preference

shall forever be allowed

no religious tests shall be required for

the exercise of civil or political

rights

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next is section six the liberty of abode

and of changing the same within the

limits prescribed by law shall not be

impaired except

upon lawful order of the court neither

should the right to travel be impaired

except in the interest of national

security public safety

or public health as may be provided by

law

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next is section 7 the right of the

people the information on matters of

public concern shall be recognized

access to official records into

documents and papers pertaining to

official apps transactions or decisions

as well as the government research data

used as basis for policy development

shall be afforded the citizen subject to

such limitations as may be provided

next is section 8 the right of the

people

including those employed in the public

and private sectors to form unions

associations or societies for purposes

not contrary to law shall not be

abridged

section amanito

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section 9 private property shall not be

taken for

public use without just compensation

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judicial bodies and adequate legal

assistance shall not be denied to any

person by reason of poverty

next is section 12. any person under

investigation for the commission of an

offense shall have the right to be

informed of his right to remain silent

and to have competent

and independent counsel preferably of

his own choice

if the person cannot afford the services

of council he must be provided with one

these rights cannot be waived except in

writing and in the presence of counsel

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intimidation or any other means which

mediate the free will shall be used

against him

secret detention places solitary

incommunicado

or other similar forms of detention are

prohibited

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of this or section 17 here of shall be

inadmissible in evidence against him

section 12

the law shall provide for penal and

civil sanctions for violations of this

section as well as compensation

and rehabilitation of victims of torture

or similar practices

and their families are section 12

victims

next is section 13. all persons

except those charged with offenses

punishable by reclusion perpetua when

evidence of guilty strong shout before

conviction

be available by sufficient sureties or

be released on recognizance as might be

provided by law

the right to bill shall not be impaired

even when the privilege of the rate of

habeas corpus is suspended

next is section 14 no person shall be

held to answer for a criminal offense

without due process of law

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section 1

due process is the legal requirement

that the state must respect all legal

rights that

are owed to a person jew process

balances the power of law of the land

and protects the individual person from

it

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is involve an analysis of the procedure

required by the constitution

when states seek to deprive people of

life liberty or property

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rabia's corpus shall not be suspended

except in cases of invasion or rebellion

when the public safety requires it

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next is section 16. all persons shall

have the right to asp the disposition of

their cases before all judicial

quasi-judicial or

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section 17 no person should be compelled

to be a witness against himself

next is section 18 no person shall be

detained solely by reason of his

political beliefs and aspirations

no involuntary servitude in any form

shall exist

except as a punishment for a crime where

the party shall have been duly convicted

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next is section 19 excessive fines shall

not be imposed nor cruel

degrading or inhuman punishment

inflicted

neither shall the death penalty be

imposed unless for compelling reasons

involving heinous crimes the congress

hereafter provides for

it any death penalty already imposed

shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua

the employment of physical psychological

or degrading punishment against any

prisoner or detainee or the use of

substandard or inadequate panel

facilities under some human conditions

shall be dealt with

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next is section 20. no person shall be

imprisoned for death or none payment of

attacks

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section 21 no person shall be twice put

in your party of punishment for the same

offense

if an app is punished by a law end an

ordinance conviction or approval under

either shall constitute a bar to another

prosecution for the same act

section 8

the least is the section 22 the exposed

factor law or bill of attenders shall be

enacted

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an exposed factor is a law that changes

the legal status or consequences of an

action after it has already been done

especially a law that makes an action

illegal after it has been committed

and exposed

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is a legislative act which inflicts

punishment without trial

its essence is the substitution of a

legislative 4-h judicial determination

of guilt

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god bless

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