Apa Itu Demokrasi Pancasila? | Kenapa Demokrasi Pancasila?

Summary

This video script delves into Indonesia's unique political system, democracy based on Pancasila, contrasting it with other democracies. It outlines the historical application of Pancasila democracy during the New Order era (1966-1998), characterized by an authoritarian rule and limited civil liberties, to the Reform era post-1998, marked by enhanced freedoms, direct presidential elections, and recognition of human rights. The script emphasizes the system's evolution, its five principles, and the goal of achieving social justice and global peace.

Takeaways

• 🏛️ Democracy in Indonesia is unique and is called Pancasila Democracy, which is based on the state's foundational principles of Pancasila.
• 🌟 Pancasila Democracy has been implemented in two distinct periods: during the New Order era from 1966 to 1998 and the Reform era starting from 1998 to the present.
• 👨‍✈️ During the New Order, the government was more authoritarian with a president who held office for 32 years without change, and elections were controlled by the MPR rather than the general public.
• 🗳️ Despite the authoritarianism, there were general elections in 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, and 1997, but the president was not directly elected by the people.
• 🚫 The New Order era heavily restricted civil and individual freedoms, with limited dissent allowed and laws that suppressed political rights.
• 🔄 The transition to the Reform era in 1998 marked a significant shift towards a more open and inclusive Pancasila Democracy, with improvements in civil liberties and political participation.
• 📉 The Reform era saw the removal of restrictive regulations, equal rights for minorities, and the return of press freedom, leading to a more vibrant democracy.
• 🗣️ Direct public involvement in presidential elections became a reality, with the people having a say in choosing their leaders through general elections.
• 🌐 The government acknowledged past human rights abuses and adopted values from human rights principles, showing a commitment to addressing past wrongs.
• 🌱 The implementation of Pancasila Democracy aims to uphold human dignity, distribute justice, and achieve Indonesia's aspirations for a prosperous and peaceful nation.

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'democracy' in the context of the video?

In the video, 'democracy' refers to the political system in Indonesia, specifically 'democracy Pancasila,' which is a system of democracy implemented with values contained in the state's foundation, Pancasila.

Why is Indonesia's democracy different from other democracies?

Indonesia's democracy is unique because it is based on Pancasila, the state's philosophical foundation, which influences the political and social system, making it distinct from other democracies.

What are the two periods of Pancasila democracy mentioned in the video?

The two periods of Pancasila democracy mentioned are the New Order era from 1966 to 1998 and the Reform era starting from 1998 to the present.

How was the presidency determined during the New Order era in Indonesia?

During the New Order era, the president was not elected by the people but was determined by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), while the public only elected constituent members such as members of the Regional Representative Council (DPRD) and the House of Representatives (DPR).

What were the limitations on civil and individual freedoms during the New Order era?

During the New Order era, there were significant restrictions on civil and individual freedoms, including limitations on dissent against the government and the existence of subversive laws that stripped away political rights.

What changes occurred in Indonesia's democracy after the Reform era began in 1998?

After the Reform era began, Indonesia saw improvements in its democracy, including the removal of restrictions on civil liberties, equal rights for minorities, the return of press freedom, and direct public involvement in presidential elections.

How does the Reform era's Pancasila democracy address human rights?

The Reform era's Pancasila democracy acknowledges past human rights abuses and adopts various values from human rights principles, ensuring that the government respects and upholds these rights.

What are the three aspects of implementing Pancasila democracy mentioned in the video?

The three aspects of implementing Pancasila democracy are material aspects, which involve recognizing the dignity and rights of human beings; formal aspects, which include processes and mechanisms for public participation; and cultural aspects, which encompass the values of local customs and traditions.

What are the five principles of Pancasila, and how do they relate to Indonesia's democracy?

The five principles of Pancasila are: belief in one supreme God, just and civilized humanity, the unity of Indonesia, democracy led by inner wisdom in the unanimity arising out of deliberation, and social justice for all Indonesian people. These principles are integral to the democracy practiced in Indonesia, ensuring that the system is just and inclusive.

What is the goal of implementing Pancasila democracy in Indonesia?

The goal of implementing Pancasila democracy in Indonesia is to uphold the values within Pancasila, distribute justice to all citizens, and achieve the national aspirations of enriching the nation's life, eradicating poverty, and participating in world peace.

How does the video encourage viewers to engage with Pancasila democracy?

The video encourages viewers to participate in improving Pancasila democracy by understanding its principles and history, and by being actively involved in the democratic process.