VACUNAS 2024 ENARM

Summary

This educational video provides a comprehensive overview of vaccination protocols, focusing on the BPH, TD, and Tdpa vaccines, along with post-injury vaccination procedures. It highlights the importance of proper vaccination schedules for both children and adults, particularly for hepatitis B and tetanus prevention. The script covers specific dosing guidelines, age recommendations, and contraindications, stressing the importance of timely immunization. The video also briefly integrates COVID-19 considerations, maintaining the core principles of vaccination while adapting to recent changes. It offers clear guidance on when to administer vaccines and tetanus immunoglobulin based on injury types.

Takeaways

• 😀 The state is not obligated to provide vaccines, but they can inquire if individuals have received them.
• 😀 The BPH vaccine is part of the National Vaccination Schedule and must be administered intramuscularly in the non-dominant arm.
• 😀 A 0.5 mL dose of the BPH vaccine is recommended for girls in 5th grade or those aged 11, including out-of-school children or those who missed earlier doses.
• 😀 Vaccines sold privately may have higher doses than those administered by the government, which uses a 0.5 mL dose for the BPH vaccine.
• 😀 It is important not to vaccinate children under 9 years of age with the BPH vaccine.
• 😀 The TD vaccine should be administered every 10 years starting at age 15, with a 0.5 mL intramuscular dose in the left arm.
• 😀 The TD vaccine differs from the TDaP vaccine, which is used for pregnant women.
• 😀 The SR vaccine should be administered subcutaneously, with a 0.5 mL dose for individuals over 10 years of age who have not been vaccinated previously.
• 😀 If individuals over 10 years old have not been vaccinated, two doses of the SR vaccine should be given 4 weeks apart.
• 😀 For wound care, if a person has received fewer than three tetanus doses and has a clean wound, they should still receive a tetanus vaccine.
• 😀 If the wound is dirty and the person has fewer than three tetanus doses, both a vaccine and immunoglobulin should be administered.
• 😀 People with more than three doses of tetanus vaccine do not need further vaccination or immunoglobulin, regardless of the wound type.
• 😀 The vaccination guidelines have been updated with considerations for COVID-19, but the overall vaccine schedule remains largely unchanged.

Q & A

What is the general protocol for vaccination of HPV in the National Immunization Program?

The HPV vaccine is part of the National Immunization Program and is recommended for girls in 5th grade or those aged 11, whether they are in school or not. The recommended dose is 0.5 ml administered intramuscularly in the non-dominant arm. It is important not to vaccinate children under 9 years old.

Why is the HPV vaccine administered as a single 0.5 ml dose in this program?

The HPV vaccine is given in a single 0.5 ml dose because it is part of a government-administered program, which aims to provide sufficient immunity. Unlike private doses, which may be higher, this program is designed to ensure effective immunity with just one dose.

What is the main contraindication for the HPV vaccine?

The main contraindication for the HPV vaccine is that it should not be administered to children under the age of 9.

How is the TD (Tetanus-Diphtheria) vaccine administered, and when should it be given?

The TD vaccine is administered as a 0.5 ml dose intramuscularly in the left arm. It is recommended to be given every 10 years starting at the age of 15.

What is the difference between the TD and Tdpa vaccines?

The TD vaccine is given every 10 years and is not specifically for pregnant women. The Tdpa vaccine, on the other hand, is specifically for pregnant women to protect them from pertussis (whooping cough).

What is the recommended protocol for administering the Tdpa vaccine?

The Tdpa vaccine should be given to pregnant women. It is different from the regular TD vaccine, which is not specifically recommended for pregnancy.

How are tetanus immunizations handled in case of an injury?

If an individual has fewer than three doses of the tetanus vaccine and sustains a clean wound, a tetanus vaccine will be administered. If the wound is dirty, both the vaccine and tetanus immunoglobulin will be given. If the individual has more than three doses, no vaccine or immunoglobulin is necessary regardless of the wound.

What happens if someone has more than three doses of the tetanus vaccine and sustains an injury?

If someone has more than three doses of the tetanus vaccine, they do not require additional vaccination or immunoglobulin, even if they sustain an injury, regardless of whether the wound is clean or dirty.

How does the COVID-19 pandemic impact the vaccination protocols discussed in the video?

While the core vaccination protocols have not changed, the video briefly mentions that COVID-19-related updates have been incorporated into the discussion, reflecting any necessary adjustments or additions related to the pandemic.

What is the significance of providing vaccination and immunoglobulin in the event of a dirty wound?

The administration of both the tetanus vaccine and immunoglobulin is necessary in the case of a dirty wound because there is a higher risk of tetanus infection. Immunoglobulin helps to provide immediate protection while the vaccine ensures long-term immunity.