Realismo Portugal [Prof. Noslen]

Professor Noslen

8 Jul 201905:31

Summary

TLDRThis script discusses the rise of Realism in Portugal during the late 19th century, reflecting the intellectual elite's dissatisfaction with the clergy and monarchy. Realism emerged as a response to Romanticism, emphasizing a grounded, rational approach to literature and society. Key authors like Eça de Queirós, with his work 'The Prime Minister,' exemplify Portuguese Realism, which later influenced Brazilian literature. The script encourages further study and engagement with the topic through various platforms.

Takeaways

📚 The script discusses the literary period of Realism in Portugal, highlighting its emergence in the late 1860s and its significant cultural and political impact.
🏛️ Realism in Portugal was a reaction against the dissatisfaction with the clergy, monarchy, and was associated with the Coimbra Question, reflecting the intellectual elite's thoughts.
🎭 The movement was part of a broader European shift towards realism, which was characterized by a more grounded and rational approach to art and literature, in contrast to Romanticism.
📜 Eça de Queirós, a prominent Portuguese realist author, is mentioned for his significant contribution, particularly through his work 'The Maias'.
🌟 Realism in literature was influenced by scientific and philosophical ideas of the time, including the works of Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, and Charles Darwin's evolutionism.
📈 The script emphasizes the rise of objectivity and scientism within the realist movement, focusing on rationality and a materialistic view of society.
📚 The script suggests that the language of realist literature, while reflective of the period, remains accessible and is still relevant to modern audiences.
🎥 Eça de Queirós's 'The Maias' has been adapted for television and film, indicating the lasting impact and popularity of his work.
🌐 The script encourages engagement with the material through social media platforms and study groups, suggesting a community interested in deepening their understanding of Realism.
📅 The discussion serves as an introduction to the broader topic of Realism, setting the stage for further exploration of its manifestations in Brazil and beyond.

Q & A

What is the historical context of the Realism movement in Portugal?
-The Realism movement in Portugal emerged during the last years of the 1860s in the 19th century, reflecting the dissatisfaction of the intellectual elite with the clergy and monarchy.
What was the Coimbra Question and how did it relate to the rise of Realism in Portugal?
-The Coimbra Question was a movement that mirrored the thoughts of the intellectual elite in Portugal, who were dissatisfied with the clergy and monarchy, leading to political agitation and contributing to the rise of Realism.
When did the Realism movement in Portugal occur, and what was its relation to European Realism?
-The Realism movement in Portugal occurred in the 1880s and 1890s, and it was a part of the broader European Realism movement, which was characterized by a more grounded and realistic approach to art and literature.
How did Eugénio de Castro's work contribute to the development of Realism in Portugal?
-Eugénio de Castro's work, particularly his poetry, began to break away from Symbolism and laid the groundwork for Realism in Portugal by challenging the prevailing ideas of the time.
What are the key characteristics of Realism as described in the script?
-The key characteristics of Realism include a focus on objectivity, rationality, materialism, and a negation of sentimentalism. It is a reaction against Romanticism and is more grounded in reality and societal issues.
How did the scientific and philosophical doctrines of the time influence the Realism movement?
-The scientific and philosophical doctrines, such as those of Auguste Comte and Charles Darwin's evolutionism, directly impacted the Realism movement by promoting a more rational and grounded approach to understanding society and human nature.
What is the significance of Eça de Queirós in the context of Portuguese Realism?
-Eça de Queirós is a significant figure in Portuguese Realism, known for his work 'The Maias' and 'The Relic', which are considered masterpieces and have been adapted into television and film, showcasing his importance in the movement.
How does the script suggest that the Realism movement in Portugal influenced Brazil?
-The script implies that the Realism movement in Portugal influenced Brazil by adapting the European characteristics to the Brazilian context, leading to the emergence of Brazilian Realism.
What advice does the script give for understanding the language and style of Realist literature?
-The script suggests that the language of Realist literature may be more complex and reflective of the period, but it is still accessible and common to the society of the time.
What are some resources mentioned in the script for further study on Portuguese Realism?
-The script mentions joining study groups on Facebook and visiting the platform 'profissionalse' for more information on Portuguese Realism.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Portuguese Realism

This paragraph introduces the period of Portuguese literature known as Realism, which emerged in the late 1860s during the 19th century. It highlights the dissatisfaction of the intellectual elite with the clergy, monarchy, and the political turmoil that led to significant changes. The movement, centered in Coimbra, reflected a shift towards political, social, and cultural areas. Realism in Portugal, and Europe more broadly, arose as a counterpoint to Romanticism, aiming to depict reality more grounded and less focused on the idealistic and emotional. Key characteristics of Realism include a focus on the present, rationality, and a scientific approach to literature, influenced by thinkers like Auguste Comte and Charles Darwin. The paragraph also mentions the work of Antero de Quental and Eça de Queirós, emphasizing the latter's 'The Prime Minister' as a significant Realist work that has been adapted for television and film, reflecting the period's language and societal norms.

05:02

📢 Engagement and Further Resources

The second paragraph serves as a call to action for viewers, encouraging them to engage with the content by clicking on the provided links and following the program on social media platforms like Facebook. It also mentions the availability of study groups and the importance of staying updated with the latest information. The speaker extends a warm farewell, promising more content in future sessions, indicating an ongoing series or program.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Realismo

Realismo, or Realism, refers to a literary movement that emerged in the 19th century as a reaction against Romanticism. It emphasizes a more grounded and objective representation of reality, focusing on the everyday life and social issues. In the context of the video, Realismo in Portugal is discussed as a significant movement in the late 1860s, reflecting the intellectual elite's dissatisfaction with the clergy and monarchy. The video mentions how Realism in Portugal and Europe was influenced by scientific and philosophical ideas of the time, aiming for a more rational and materialistic approach to literature.

💡Coimbra

Coimbra is a city in Portugal and home to the University of Coimbra, which played a pivotal role in the intellectual movements of the time. The video discusses 'questão coimbra', indicating a movement or thought process that reflects the intellectual elite's dissatisfaction and their push for political, social, and cultural change. Coimbra symbolizes the academic and intellectual center that contributed to the development of Realism in Portugal.

💡Eça de Queirós

Eça de Queirós is a prominent Portuguese realist writer mentioned in the script. He is known for works like 'O Primo Basílio', which is highlighted in the video as a significant piece of Portuguese literature. Eça de Queirós' writing is characterized by its realist approach, focusing on societal issues and the inner lives of characters, which is a key aspect of the Realism movement. His work is also noted for its adaptation into Brazilian television and film, indicating its cultural impact and relevance.

💡Romanticism

Romanticism is an artistic and literary movement that preceded Realism, known for its emphasis on emotion, individualism, and the sublime. The video contrasts Realism with Romanticism, indicating that Realism emerged as a counter to Romanticism's more idealized and emotional portrayals. Realism sought to depict life and society more objectively, focusing on the real conditions of people's lives, which was a significant shift from the Romantic era.

💡Intelectualismo

Intelectualismo, or intellectualism, refers to the ideas and values prioritized by intellectuals. In the video, it is mentioned in relation to the dissatisfaction of the intellectual elite with the existing social and political structures in Portugal during the late 19th century. This dissatisfaction led to movements and thought processes that contributed to the rise of Realism, as intellectuals sought to address societal issues and promote change.

💡Cientificismo

Cientificismo, or scientism, is the belief in the power of scientific knowledge and methods as the best or only source of knowledge. The video connects this concept to the rise of Realism, suggesting that the movement was influenced by the scientific and rational thinking of the time. Realist authors aimed to portray reality in a more objective, scientific manner, which is reflected in their focus on material conditions and social realities.

💡Materialismo

Materialismo, or materialism, is a philosophical concept that emphasizes the physical and tangible aspects of reality over the spiritual or intangible. In the context of the video, materialism is linked to the Realist movement's focus on the concrete conditions of life and the material world. This is in contrast to the more spiritual or idealistic focus of Romanticism, where emotions and the supernatural might take precedence.

💡Revolução Industrial

The Revolução Industrial, or Industrial Revolution, was a period of significant economic and social change that began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century. The video suggests that the Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on the development of Realism, as it brought about new social realities and challenges that authors sought to depict realistically. The movement's focus on the everyday and the working class is partly a reflection of the changes brought about by industrialization.

💡Evolucionismo

Evolucionismo, or evolutionism, refers to the scientific theory of evolution, particularly as proposed by Charles Darwin. The video mentions that evolutionism influenced the thought processes of the time, including the development of Realism. The idea that species evolve and change over time may have contributed to a more dynamic and change-oriented view of society and human nature, which is reflected in the Realist literature's focus on social and individual development.

💡Objetivismo

Objetivismo, or objectivism, is the idea of focusing on objective reality and facts, rather than personal feelings or interpretations. In the video, objectivism is connected to the Realist movement's goal of depicting life and society as they truly are, without the embellishments or idealizations of Romanticism. This approach is evident in Realist literature's detailed and accurate portrayals of characters and their environments.

Highlights

Realism in Portugal emerged in the late 1860s as a response to dissatisfaction with the clergy and monarchy.

The Coimbra Question was a significant movement reflecting the intellectual elite's dissatisfaction.

Realism in Portugal arose as a political, social, and cultural movement against Romanticism.

Eugène de Castro's work marked the beginning of the break from Symbolism towards Realism.

Realism in Europe was characterized by a focus on the real, the rational, and the scientific.

The Industrial Revolution influenced the development of Realism by grounding thought in practicality.

Key figures like Auguste Comte and Herbert Spencer contributed to the philosophical underpinnings of Realism.

Darwin's evolutionism had a direct impact on the shift towards Realism.

Realism is characterized by objectivity, scientific approach, and a rejection of sentimentalism.

The Realist movement was concerned with the present, focusing on the society and reality of the time.

Eça de Queiros is a significant Portuguese Realist author known for 'The Maias' and 'The Relic'.

Realism in Portugal influenced the development of Realism in Brazil.

Antero de Quental is another important Portuguese Realist author.

The language of Realist works is reflective of the period, with a more complex vocabulary.

Realism in Portugal was a precursor to the Brazilian Realist movement.

The lecture encourages engagement through social media platforms and study groups.

The lecture concludes with a reminder to stay connected for further discussions on Realism.